History
of treatment, camps, energy system,
Petroperú began operations and the incursion of various
international oil companies in 1969, the exploration of oil in the
jungle experienced an important boost. Two years later, in
1971, oil production took place in lot 1-AB with the drilling of
the Capahuari Norte deposit by the Occidental Petroleum
Corporativos of Peru, which was later renamed Occidental
Peruana Inc. In 1973, construction of the Peruvian or Peruvian
pipeline began, which was completed and began operating in
1977. The first section of the pipeline is located along the left
bank of the Marañón river, from the station No. 1 of Saramuro
to station No. 5 from Saramiriza. In 1978, the northern terminal
of the pipeline was enabled in Andoas, which directly pumped
the oil directly to pumping station No. 5 and then to Bayóvar
(Piura). However, the crude oil of lot 1-AB began, it began in
1975, when it was still transported on the barges to the No. 1
pump station in Saramuro. In 1979, gas began to be injected to
improve production; in 1983, the use of electro-submersible
pumps began in most wells of the lot, improving recovery and
increasing oil production. In 2000, Occidental Peruana Inc.
transferred the lot 1-AB to the company Pluspetrol Corporation
S.A., which in January 2004 transferred 45% of its shares to the
company Chine National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). Until
August 2015, the company Pluspetrol Norte S.A. was the
operator of lot 1-AB, being in charge of the administration of
the production infrastructure consisting of roads, wells,
pipelines, batteries, wells
transportation, etc. (OSINERGMIN, 2009). The
current company in charger 192 is Frontera Energy
formerly Pacific Stratus Energy of Peru obtained the
service contract until September 2019
Location
Lot 192, before 1AB, is located in the Loreto region
and includes the Datem del Marañón and Loreto
provinces, as well as the Tigre, Andoas and
Trompeteros districts.
INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES OF THE AREA:
• Quechua Indigenous Federation of Pastaza
(FEDIQUEP)
• Federation of Native Communities of Corrientes
(FECONACO)
• Cocama Development and Conservation
Association San Pablo de Tipishca (ACODECOSPAT)
• Federation of Native Communities of Alto Tigre
(FECONAT)
Environmental Impact
The main pollution problem is the spill, OEFA
identified from October 2015 to May 2018, 64 oil
spills in lot 192, we found that the causes of 96.61%
of spilled barrels were pipeline corrosion and
technical failures caused by the operator.
There are roughly 400 children of the families that
live on the bankside of the Pastaza river suffer from
malnutrition and 20 of them get dermatitis or
ringworm monthly due to contamination.
Commissions were created in order to remedy or
counteract the environmental crisis in lot 192
because of the hydrocarbon industry (Multisectoral
Commission, Social Work Group and Environmental
Working Group, Development of Pastaza, Tigre,
Corrientes Basins and Cashew)
Nowadays
The Minister of Energy and Mines, Francisco
Ismodes, announced that this year his sector will
allocate S / 190 million for the remediation of
environmental passives which have been identified
throughout the country, but in particular in Lot 192.
It is important to indicate that Pluspetrol Norte S.A.
ended its operations, having pending the approval
of the “Abandonment Plan”, incurring a fault
Remediation Technologies
The term "treatment technology" implies any unit
operation or series of unit operations that alter the
composition of a hazardous or contaminating
substance through chemical, physical or biological
actions so as to reduce the toxicity, mobility or
volume of the contaminated material (EPA 2001).
Remediation technologies represent an alternative
to the disposal on land of hazardous wastes that
have not been treated, and their capabilities or
chances of success, under the specific conditions of
a site, can vary widely.
CLASSIFICATION OF REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES
Remediation technologies can be classified in
different ways, based on the following principles:
• Remediation strategy.
• Place where the remediation process is carried
out
• Type of treatment
Remediation strategy
There are three basic strategies that can be used
separately or together, to remedy most
contaminated sites:
• Destruction or modification of contaminants. -
This type of technologies seeks to alter the
chemical structure of the contaminant.
• Extraction or separation. - The pollutants are
extracted and / or separated from the
contaminated medium, taking advantage of their
physical or chemical properties (volatilization,
solubility, electrical charge).
• Pollutant isolation or immobilization. - The
pollutants are stabilized, solidified or contained
with the use of physical or chemical methods.
Place of completion of the remediation process.
In general, two types of technology are
distinguished:
• On the spot. They are the applications in which
the contaminated soil is treated, or the
contaminants are removed from the contaminated
soil, without the need to excavate the site. That is,
they are carried out in the same place where the
contamination is located.
• Ex situ. The realization of this type of
technologies, requires excavation, dredging or any
other process to remove the contaminated soil
before its treatment that can be carried out in the
same place (on site) or outside it (off site).
Type of treatment.
This classification is based on the principle of
remediation technology and is divided into three
types of treatment:
• Biological treatments (bioremediation). It sses
the metabolic activities of certain organisms
(plants, fungi, bacteria) to degrade (destruction),
transform or remove contaminants to harmless
metabolic products
• Physicochemical treatments. This type of
treatment uses the physical and / or chemical
properties of the contaminants or of the
contaminated medium to destroy, separate or
contain the contamination.
Contracts
Operations Agreement
It is the associative contract signed between the
Operator and the other company (s) that make up
the Contractor, which regulates the relations
between them and the capabilities, rights and
obligations of the Operator and in which it will be
indicated , among others, the proportion of costs
and expenses that each company will assume, as
well as the agreements for the award of
Hydrocarbons produced under the Contract, for the
purposes of said associative contract.
Operator
One of the companies that make up the Contractor
and that has been designated by them to carry out
the Operations on behalf of and on behalf of the
Contractor. On the Subscription Date, PETROLERA X
has been designated Operator.
OBJECT OF THE CONTRACT
2.1 PERUPETRO authorizes the Contractor to carry
out the Operations, in accordance with the
provisions of the Organic Hydrocarbons Law,
relevant legislation, and the provisions of the
Contract, with the common purpose of producing
and discovering Hydrocarbons in the Contract Area.
2.2 The Contractor should have the right of
ownership over the Hydrocarbons extracted from
the Contract Area, in accordance with the
provisions of section II of the Preliminary Clause.

2.3 The Contractor will execute the Operations

according to the terms stipulated in the Contract
and will carry them out, directly or through
Subcontractors. Field operations may be carried out
outside the Contract Area, if they are indispensable
for its execution, and subject to prior approval of
PERUPETRO.

Lot 192
Remediation

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