Physics XII

Chapter # 11
Heat

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 Lesson - 03
More About Caloric Theory

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 Concepts about
Nature of Heat

Heat as fluid Heat as energy

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 Heat as fluid

Caloric theory

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 Review to Caloric theory

❑ According to this theory heat was a

weightless and invisible fluid called caloric
that could neither be created nor destroyed.

❑According to this theory, every object

contained a certain amount of caloric at a
given temperature.

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 ❑ If more caloric flowed into the body, its
temperature increased and if caloric
flowed out from an body, then its
temperature decreased.

❑Also, according to this theory, when the

matter was broken a part, such as during
burning, a good amount of caloric (or
fluid) was believed to be lost.

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 Confirmation of Caloric theory

❑ Sadi Carnot developed his principle of the Carnot

cycle, which still forms the basis of heat engine
theory, solely from the caloric viewpoint.
❑Can explain heat conduction
❑Mixing of substances in calorimeter.
❑Laplace's theoretical correction of Sir Isaac
Newton’s calculation of the speed of sound.
Newton had assumed an isothermal process, while
Laplace, a Calorist, treated it as adiabatic.

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 Count Rumford’s Experiment

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