9th VIRTUAL CLASS

Name/NPM : Riki Wahyudi/36416421

SUBJECT: EXPERIMENT DESIGN
CLASS: 4ID10

INSTRUCTION
 All questions are written in English and please write your answer in English
too.
 Write your interpretation based on the result.
 Your interpretation are very important because high score is on it.
 With out interpretation your work (the result) will not assessed.
 Write your answers on Microsoft word not with captured phone camera
or anything. If you do it, your answers will not assessed.

CASE:
An experiment in which a 25-1 design with I = ABCDE was used to investigate the
effects of five factors on the color of a chemical product. The factors are A =
solvent/reactant, B = catalyst/reactant, C = temperature, D = reactant purity, and E
= reactant pH. The responses obtained were as follows:
e = -0.63 d = 6.79
e = 2.51 ade = 5.47
b = -2.68 bde = 3.45
abe = 1.66 abd = 5.68
c = 2.06 cde = 5.22
ace = 1.22 acd = 4.38
bce = -2.09 bcd = 4.30
abc = 1.93 abcde = 4.05

QUESTIONS:
a. Prepare a normal probability plot of the effects. Which effects seem active?
b. Calculate the residuals. Constract a normal probability plot of the residuals
and plot the residuals versus the fitted values. Comment on the plots.
c. If any factors are negligible. Collapse the 2 5-1 design into a full factorial in the
active factors. Comment on the resulting design, and interpret the results.
Answer :
a. Prepare a normal probability plot of the effects. Which effects seem active?
We see from our intial analysis that factors A, B, D, AB, and AD appear to be active
(significant), however factor A is the only factor to register as such in this model.

If we re-analyze the model focusing on only these factors, the following normal
probablity plot of effects is generated.

We see now that factors A, B, D, AB, and AD all register as significant in the reduced model. This
is supported by the following analysis of variance performed using the reduced model.
Analysis of Variance
D Seq SS Contribution Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Source
 F
Model 5 106.039 92.46% 106.039 21.2078 24.53 0.000
Linear 3 92.192 80.39% 92.192 30.7308 35.54 0.000
A 1 6.864 5.99% 6.864 6.8644 7.94 0.018
B 1 7.182 6.26% 7.182 7.1824 8.31 0.016
D 1 78.146 68.14% 78.146 78.1456 90.37 0.000
2-Way Interactions 2 13.847 12.07% 13.847 6.9233 8.01 0.008
A*B 1 6.503 5.67% 6.503 6.5025 7.52 0.021
A*D 1 7.344 6.40% 7.344 7.3441 8.49 0.015
Error 10 8.647 7.54% 8.647 0.8647
Total 15 114.686 100.00%

b. Calculate the residuals. Constract a normal probability plot of the residuals

and plot the residuals versus the fitted values. Comment on the plots. The
following residuals and fits were calculated using Minitab.
Treatment
Combination Color FITS RESI
E -0.63 0.4725 -1.1025
A 2.51 1.8625 0.6475
B -2.68 -2.1425 -0.5375
ABE 1.66 1.7975 -0.1375
C 2.06 0.4725 1.5875
ACE 1.22 1.8625 -0.6425
BCE -2.09 -2.1425 0.0525
ABC 1.93 1.7975 0.1325
D 6.79 6.2475 0.5425
ADE 5.47 4.9275 0.5425
BDE 3.45 3.6325 -0.1825
ABD 5.68 4.8625 0.8175
CDE 5.22 6.2475 -1.0275
ACD 4.38 4.9275 -0.5475
BCD 4.30 3.6325 0.6675
ABCD 4.05 4.8625 -0.8125
These residuals were used to construct the following graphs.
 We see that the residual plots are satisfactory and do not give us any reason to question
our normality and equal variance assumptions.

c. If any factors are negligible. Collapse the 25-1 design into a full factorial in
the active factors. Comment on the resulting design, and interpret the results.

Since we found factors A,B,D, AB, and AD significant, we can colla pse the 25−1 into a
full factorial 23 . The results of this collapse are shown below. It is possible to relabel D as C,
however we have chosen to keep the original labeling format for consistentcy.
Analysis of Variance
D Seq SS Contribution Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Source F
Model 7 106.510 92.87% 106.510 15.2156 14.89 0.001
Linear 3 92.192 80.39% 92.192 30.7308 30.07 0.000
A 1 6.864 5.99% 6.864 6.8644 6.72 0.032
B 1 7.182 6.26% 7.182 7.1824 7.03 0.029
D 1 78.146 68.14% 78.146 78.1456 76.46 0.000
2-Way Interactions 3 14.087 12.28% 14.087 4.6956 4.59 0.038
A*B 1 6.503 5.67% 6.503 6.5025 6.36 0.036
A*D 1 7.344 6.40% 7.344 7.3441 7.19 0.028
B*D 1 0.240 0.21% 0.240 0.2401 0.23 0.641
3-Way Interactions 1 0.230 0.20% 0.230 0.2304 0.23 0.648
A*B*D 1 0.230 0.20% 0.230 0.2304 0.23 0.648
Error 8 8.177 7.13% 8.177 1.0221
Total 15 114.686 100.00%

Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) PRESS R-sq(pred)
1.01099 92.87% 86.63% 32.7072
71.48%
Coded Coefficients

Term Effect Coef SE Coef 95 CI T-Value P-Value VIF

Constant 2.707 0.253 ( 2.125, 3.290) 10.71 0.000
A 1.310 0.655 0.253 ( 0.072, 1.238) 2.59 0.032 1.00
B -1.340 -0.670 0.253 (-1.253, -0.087) -2.65 0.029 1.00
D 4.420 2.210 0.253 ( 1.627, 2.793) 8.74 0.000 1.00
A*B 1.275 0.638 0.253 ( 0.055, 1.220) 2.52 0.036 1.00
A*D -1.355 -0.677 0.253 (-1.260, -0.095) -2.68 0.028 1.00
B*D 0.245 0.123 0.253 (-0.460, 0.705) 0.48 0.641 1.00
A*B*D -0.240 -0.120 0.253 (-0.703, 0.463) -0.47 0.648 1.00

Regression Equation in Uncoded Units Color = 2.707 + 0.655 A - 0.670 B + 2.210 D +

0.638 A*B - 0.677 A*D + 0.123 B*D - 0.120 A*B*D

We see that the same factors are active in the collapsed model as were in the original
model, though the SSE has decreased slightly to accomodate the addition of B, BD, and
ABD. Furthermore, we note that in the residual plots included below there is no
significant cause for concern. However, the normal probability plot is potentially
exhibiting a pattern which could indicate curvature that was unaccounted for. This should
be looked into further to determine if the model cannot be made to be more accurate.