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Answer:

(a)

Given information:

Prandtl number, Pr  0.098

Free stream temperature, T
Free stream velocity, V
Surface temperature of the plate is uniform at Ts
Flow of the fluid is laminar.

The following assumptions are made:

1. Fluid is Newtonian
2. Flow is steady state
3. Properties of the fluid are constant
4. Flow is two-dimensional
5. Since, the flow is given to be laminar, Reynold’s number
 Re x  5
will be less than 5  10 .
6. Plate is flat
7. The upstream velocity and temperature is uniform
8. Change in kinetic and potential energy is negligible
9. Dissipation is negligible
10. No buoyancy is present,
   0
11. No energy generation is present, q  0
12. There is viscous and thermal boundary layer flow so that, Re x  100 and Pex  100 .

The formula for the local heat transfer coefficient  h  x  is:

V d  0 
h  x  k
 x d …… (1)

Here,

k is thermal conductivity in W m  C


V is the free stream velocity in m s

T  Ts

 is the dimensionless temperature distribution given as T  Ts
2
 is kinematic viscosity in m s
V
y
 is the dimensionless variable given as x
y is vertical coordinate in m

The local Nusselt number

 Nux  is defined by the expression written below as:

hx
Nu x 
k …… (2)

Now, substitute equation (1) in equation (2) and simplify as:

 V d  0  
k x
  x d 
Nu x 
k
V x d  0 
Nu x   ...... (3)
 d

Formula for local Reynold’s number

 Re x  is:

V x
Re x 


Substitute this value in equation (3) as:

V x d  0 
Nu x 
 d
d  0 
Nu x  Re x
d

d  0 
For the given Prandtl number, Pr  0.098 , the value of d is fixed which is 0.138. Thus,
Nu x  Re x  0.138 

Nu x  0.138 Re x

(b)

The width of the plate is given as W . For the surface element Wdx , apply Newton’s law of
cooling as:

dq  h  x   Ts  T  Wdx
…… (4)

Here,

q is the heat flux of the surface in W .

h  x
is the local heat transfer coefficient in W m  C


Ts is the surface temperature in  C

T is the free stream temperature in  C
W is the width of the plate in m
x is the axial distance that is measured from the leading edge of the flat plate in m

Substitute equation (1) in equation (4) as:

 V d  0  
dq   k    Ts  T  Wdx
  x d  …… (5)

Integrate equation (5) for the values of x from x1 to x2 as:

V d  0 
x2
 
 dq    k  x d   Ts  T  Wdx
x1  
 V d  0   x2
1
q   k    s   
T  T W dx
  d  x1 x
 V d  0  
q   k 
 d

  Ts  T  W 2 x2  2 x1  ...... (6)
 

d  0 
Use the definition of local Reynold’s number
 Re x  and the value of d for Pr  0.098 in
equation (6) and simplify it as:

 V d  0  
q  2  k 
 d 
  Ts  T  W x2  x1  

 V x V x 
q  2k   2   1   0.138   Ts  T  W
   

q  0.276kW  Re x2  Re x1  T T s  

(c)

The distance y at which T  T is defined as the edge of the thermal boundary layer. Thus,

T  Ts
 1
T  Ts at y   t

  x
The value of t depends indirectly on the Prandtl number which means that the value of
t  x 
decreases as the value of Prandtl number increases.

V
y
Also,  x . For y   t , t becomes:

V
t   t
x

At the given Pr  0.098 , the value of t from Pohlhausen’s solution graph is taken as:

V
t   t  12
x
x
 t  12
V

Use the definition of local Reynold’s number

 Re x  in above equation as:

 x2
 t  x   12
V x

x2
 t  x   12
Re x
12 x
t  x  
Re x