MOTIVATION IN HUMAN

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Presented by
Aashique P J
Ananya P P
Anumol George
Nigita Ros Sajan
Arya S B
Ravi sankar
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 Motivation

Motivation is the internal and external factors that

stimulate desire and energy in people to be
continually interested and committed to
a job, role or subject, or to make an effort to attain
a goal.
•Motivating people is about getting them to move
in the direction which is required in order to
achieve a result.
•It is a goal directed behaviour.
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According to Stephen P Robbins Motivation is
“defined as the willingness to exert high
levels of effort towards organizational goals”

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Nature and Importance of Motivation

Motivated employees

Helps organization to survive

Motivated employees are more productive
Increases the output of the firm
Approach of belongingness of the firm

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Process of Motivation

Establish goal

Need Take action

Attain goal
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 Process of motivation

Needs creates wants and desires to achieve or

obtain something
Goals are established based on these desires and
wants
Actions are taken based on goals in order to attain it.
If the goals are not achieved, the same action is
likely to be repeated. This process of repeating
successful behaviour or actions is called
reinforcement or the aw of effect.
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Types of Motivation

Two types of Motivation identified by Herzberg et al

(i) Intrinsic motivation

(ii) Extrinsic motivation

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 Intrinsic motivation

The self –generated factors that influence people to

behave in a particular way or to move in a particular
direction.
These factors include responsibility,
autonomy(freedom to act), scope to use and develop
skill and abilities, interesting and challenging work and
opportunities for advancement

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 Extrinsic motivation

What is done to or for people to motivate them

This includes rewards, such as
 increased pay,
 praise,
 or promotion,
and punishments, such as
 disciplinary action,
 withholding pay,
or criticism
Extrinsic motivation can have an immediate and
powerful effect, but it will not necessarily last long. 9
 Motivation Theory

The most influential theories of motivation are:

(i) Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory

(ii) Herzberg’s two factor model

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 (i) Maslow’s need hierarchy

Abraham Maslow organized five major types of

human needs into a hierarchy.
The need hierarchy illustrates Maslow's conception of
people satisfying their needs in a specified order,
from bottom to top.

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Theory states that
when a lower level need is satisfied, the next
highest becomes dominant and the individual’s
attention is turned to satisfying this higher need

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(ii) Herzberg’s two factor theory

Frederick Herzberg developed the two-factor

theory of motivation based on satisfiers and
dissatisfiers.

Satisfiers are motivators associated with job

satisfaction while dissatisfiers are motivators
associated with hygiene or maintenance.

Satisfiers include achievement, responsibility,

advancement, and recognition 14
Satisfiers are all intrinsic motivators

Dissatisfiers are extrinsic motivators and include a

company’s policies and administration such as
supervision, peers, working conditions, and salary.

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 The Two-Factor theory implies that the
managers must stress upon guaranteeing the
adequacy of the hygiene factors to avoid
employee dissatisfaction

 The managers must make sure that the work is

stimulating and rewarding so that the
employees are motivated to work and perform
harder and better
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 Methods for Motivating Employees

a. Rewards: 

Employees constantly look for payoffs for

their efforts.

They expect that good job performance lead to

organizational goal attainment, which in turn leads to
satisfying their individual goals or needs.

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b. Challenging Jobs:

 This is done through job enrichment.

 Job enrichment means building motivators like

opportunities for achievement into the job by
making it more interesting and challenging

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 c. Using Merit Pay: 

 A merit raise is
a salary increase, usually permanent,
that is based on the
employee's individual performance.

 It is a continuing increment
rather than a single payment like a bonus.

 Relying heavily on merit rewards can be

a problem because the reinforcement benefits of
merit pay is usually only determined once per year
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 d. Using Spot Awards:

   A spot award is one given to

an employee as soon as the laudable
performance is observed.

 These awards are consistent with principles

of motivation because they
are contingent on good performance and are awarded
immediately

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 e. Using Skill-Based Pay

 With skill-based pay, employees are paid for the

range, depth, and types of skills and knowledge
they are capable of using rather than for the job the
y currently hold

 The reward is a formal and concrete recognition

that the person can do the more challenging job well.

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In a nutshell…..

 What is motivation

 Nature and importance of motivation

 Process of motivation

 Types of motivation

 Theories of motivation

 Methods of motivation 22
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