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MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORIES
http://www.merl.com
Human-Guided Simple Search
David Anderson, Emily Anderson, Neal Lesh, Joe Marks, Brian Mirtich, David Ratajczak,
Kathy Ryall
TR2000-16 April 2000
Abstract
Scheduling, routing, and layout tasks are examples of hard operations-research problems that
have broad application in industry. Typical algorithms for these problems combine some form of
gradient descent to find local minima with some strategy for escaping nonoptimal local minima.
Our idea is to divide these two subtasks cleanly between human and computer: in our paradigm
of human-guided simple search the computer is responsible only for finding local minima using
a simple hill-climbing search; using visualization and interaction techniques, the human user
identifies promising regions of the search space for the computer to explore, and intervenes
to help it escape nonoptimal local minima. We have applied our approach to the problem of
capacitated vehicle routing with time windows, a commercially important problem with a rich
research history. Despite its simplicity, our prototype system is competitive with the majority of
previously reported systems on benchmark academic problems, and has the advantage of keeping
a human tightly in the loop to handle the complexities of real-world applications.
AAAI 2000
This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part
without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include
the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of
the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or
republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All
rights reserved.
Copyright
c Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc., 2000
201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
MERLCoverPageSide2
MERL – A MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORY
http://www.merl.com
Human-Guided Simple Search
David Anderson, Emily Anderson, Neal Lesh, Joe Marks,

Brian Mirtich, David Ratajczak, Kathy Ryall
TR-2000-16 April 2000
Abstract
Scheduling, routing, and layout tasks are examples of hard operations-research prob-
lems that have broad application in industry. Typical algorithms for these problems
combine some form of gradient descent to find local minima with some strategy for
escaping nonoptimal local minima. Our idea is to divide these two subtasks cleanly be-
tween human and computer: in our paradigm of human-guided simple search the com-
puter is responsible only for finding local minima using a simple hill-climbing search;
using visualization and interaction techniques, the human user identifies promising re-
gions of the search space for the computer to explore, and intervenes to help it escape
nonoptimal local minima. We have applied our approach to the problem of capaci-
tated vehicle routing with time windows, a commercially important problem with a
rich research history. Despite its simplicity, our prototype system is competitive with
the majority of previously reported systems on benchmark academic problems, and has
the advantage of keeping a human tightly in the loop to handle the complexities of
real-world applications.
In Proceedings of AAAI 2000, July 30-August3, 2000. Austin, Texas, USA.
This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in
whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all
such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric
Information Technology Center America; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work;
and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall
require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Center America. All rights reserved.
Copyright c Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Center America, 2000

201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
Submitted January 2000, revised and released April 2000.

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MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORIES

Human-Guided Simple Search

TR2000-16 April 2000

Human-Guided Simple Search

David Anderson, Emily Anderson, Neal Lesh, Joe Marks,

TR-2000-16 April 2000

In Proceedings of AAAI 2000, July 30-August3, 2000. Austin, Texas, USA.

Copyright c Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Center America, 2000

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MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORIES

Human-Guided Simple Search

TR2000-16 April 2000

Human-Guided Simple Search

David Anderson, Emily Anderson, Neal Lesh, Joe Marks,

TR-2000-16 April 2000

In Proceedings of AAAI 2000, July 30-August3, 2000. Austin, Texas, USA.

Copyright c Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Center America, 2000

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