LIFTING TACKLE

Attachment items used between load

& Lifting device.

SCOPE: Actual testing-Different

grades of steel-Selection criteria.

TERMINOLOGY: Testing-
SWL-PL-Break Load-WLL-
Destruction test-Visual Inspection-
Thorough Examination.

TESTING MACHINE :
An approved horizontal static tensile
testing machine with fixed\movable
heads & wide \ long bed.
TESTING PROCEDURES:
AA. Manufacturer information-
Material used-heat treatment-breaking
strength-Additional information for
rope \ chain.
BB. Dimensional check as per
standards -tackle examination-
strength characteristics compatibility
of all component in series fittings.

Prior to testing:
CC. Discard criteria : 10% reduction
in dimension- 5% stretch in chain
length- damaged link ( twist, broken,
pitting, crack, bent) – 10% bro ken
wire in 8xd length or damage (kink,
flattening, core collapse, caging).

TESTING: PL as per test schedule –

tackle which under test load prone to
open\close in to be punch marked
(<0.25% distortion not acceptable for
hook throat, shackle jaw)-PL applied
gradually-5 minutes duration-multi
legged slings, spreader assembly,
grab, bucket items to be tested
individually before assembly tested.

EE. Permanent punch marking for

identification giving all details –
Issuance of certificate on prescribed
form.

FF. Schedule of test load as per ILO

guidelines for i (ring, hook, chain,
shackle, sling etc) –ii( single\multi
sheave block) –iii( lifting\spreader
beam, grab, bucket, tray etc)
DIFFERENT GRADES OF
STEEL: Fully killed steel capable
of forging \drawing of wires thus not
liable for strain embrittlement. Grades
based on mean stress values as per

IS grades : 30-40-50-63-80-100 kg\sq

mm.
ISO grades : 300-400-500-630-800-
1000 N\sq mm. or L,M,P,S,T,V
denotions.
For wire ropes grades are classified as
per Tensile designations (min) as
1230-1420-1570-1770-1960 N\sq mm
Strength increases with net steel area
grade & steel core during construction

Higher grade = higher strength or

lesser net area for given strength
which means less weight.

Wire rope construction : dia-grade-

nos. of wire in strand-nos of strand-
type of core- black\galvanised-filler
wires etc.

SELECTION CRITERIA:-
A given SWL of an item
When line of load with vertical axis
0 deg WLL=SWL
45 deg = 0.707 SWL
60 deg = 0.5 SWL@MAX LIMIT

Accurate information required of :

cargo weight-dimension-points of
attachment-Lifting appliance
characteristic-acceleration forces.
Slings : All components in series to
have same strength – thimble at
spliced end.
2-legged sling : for long straight cargo
3-4 legged sling : rigid structure
when CG is not central with four
attachment points.
Basket – chock hitch.
Load to be applied at the saddle centre
of eye bolt, eye hook.

CONCLUSION:-