Ufnvs!lfolfcbTwjmj!

kojris istoria

gamomcemloba `universali~
Tbilisi 2009
UDC (uak) 94(479.22-22)
k-405

es wigni moicavs kojris srul istorias. es aris naSromi,

romelSic moyvanilia am dabis istoria — Sua saukuneebidan
uaxles istoriamde. aRniSnul naSromSi ganxilulia rogorc
kojris istoria, ise toponimikuri da klimatur— profilaq-
tikuri Taviseburebebi. naSromi gankuTvnilia yvela saxis
mkiTxvelTaTvis, adamianTaTvis, romlebic dainteresebule-
bi arian Tbilisis Semogarenis istoriiT.

mTavari redaqtori: istoriis doqtori

andro gogolaZe

redaqtori: leila comaia

liziko qoCoraZe

© T. kenkebaSvili, 2009
gamomcemloba `universali~, 2009
Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. 19,
: 22 36 09, 8(99) 17 22 30
E–mail: universal@internet.ge

ISBN 978-9941-12-810-3

2
 kojori. saerTo xedi

3
 Tbilisidan samxreT-dasavleTis mimarTule-
biT midis mixveul-moxveuli da aRmarTebiani mo-
asfaltebuli saavtomobilo gza, romelic, gas-
cildeba ra Tbilisis sagareubno saagarako adgi-
lebs — oqroyanas, Sindiss, tabaxmelas da sxv., sul
30 wuTis mgzavrobis Semdeg, migviyvans mTis klima-
tur kurort kojorSi (1300-1400 metri zRvis do-
nidan).
aRniSnuli gzatkeciliT manZili Tbilisidan
kojramde Seadgens 18 kilometrs, sacalfexo bi-
likiT ki, manZili 7 kilometria.1
saqarTvelos erT-erT SesaniSnav sakurorto
adgils — kojors — mravalsaukunovani da mdida-
ri movlenebiT aRsavse istoria aqvs. igi adminis-
traciulad didgoris raionSi Sedis. kojors, ad-
re, `koJori~ erqva. saxelwodeba `koJori~ rusuli
transkripciiT damkvidrda CvenSi 1800 wlidan.
toponimi `koJori~ Tavisi warmoSobiT ukavSirde-
ba koJos, rac kldis Txems niSnavs.
koJris cixe vulkanuri warmoSobis kldis
Txemzea daSenebuli, saxelwodebac aqedan momdi-
nareobs. Tumca, arsebobs gansxvavebuli mosazre-
bebic. saxelwodeba `kojori~ SeiZleba ukavSirde-
bodes sityvas `qoCori~, radgan Zveli kojris pla-
to dafaruli iyo tyeebiT da mogagonebdaT qo-

1
m. nodia. saqarTvelos kurortebi da sakurorto resurse-
bi. Tb. 1976. gv. 39.
4
Cors. mesame variantiT ki, `kojris~ amosavali un-
da veZeboT sityvaSi `koJora~ (dakoJrebuli), rac
axasiaTebs adgilis reliefs.
arsebobs meoTxe, yvelasgan gansxvavebuli va-
riantic. saxelwodeba kojori, etimologiuri
TvalsazrisiT, gvesaxeba orfuZian komprozitad.
pirveli fuZea sityva— ko, meore fuZea— jori. ko
saxelnacvali forma unda iyos sityvisa rko, rac
Zvel qarTulSi muxas aRniSnavda. jori saxelnac-
vali forma unda iyos sityvisa jvari. am saxis
cvlilebac qarTuli enis normebiT gamarTlebu-
lia. amrigad, sityva kojori, rogorc komproziti,
mniSvnelobiT igivea, rac muxajvari.
kojori anu muxajvari Tavdapirvelad salo-
cavi obieqtisa da adgilis saxeli unda yofiliyo,
xolo Semdeg ki saxelwodeba kojori, unda Serqme-
oda dasaxlebul punqts, dabas.
kojris, rogorc salocavi obieqtisa da adgi-
lis lokalizacias vaxdenT dRevandeli uZos far-
glebSi. yofis monacemebiT aSkara xdeba uZos, ro-
gorc salocavi adgilis winaqristianuli xasiaTi.
uZos mTaze muxnari yofila, risi naSTebi dResac
SemorCenilia. uZoze aris w.m. giorgis saxelobis
salocavi. w.m. giorgis kavSiri muxasTan saqarTve-
los sinamdvileSi dadgenil faqtad iTvleba.1

1
m. gegeSiZe. kojori. n. berZeniSvilisadmi miZRvnili krebu-
li. kavkasiis xalxaTa istoriis sakiTxebi. Tb. 1976. Ggv. 40.
5
 `koJori~, `koJris cixe~, `koJris gza~ mraval
adrindel qarTul istoriul wyaroSia moxsenie-
buli.1
kojris platodan Tvalwin iSleba warmtaci
sanaxaoba: lisisa da kus tbebi, beTania da wyneTi,
saguramos mTebi, naxSirgora, WaRara kavkasioni,
Tavisi mudam Tovliani mwvervalebiT.
kojris dasavleT mxares, misgan ori km-is man-
Zilze, aRmarTulia Zveli cixe. am cixidan iSleba
saucxoo sanaxaoba: Tbilisi da misi midamoebi,
azerbaijanis mTebi, manglisis midamoebi da kumi-
sis tba.
kojris cixes me-15 saukunemde agaraTa cixe
erqva. rogorc cnobilia, tabaxmelas, wavkiss, Sin-
diss da kojors Zvelad agaraebi erqva. am agaraeb-
ze mniSvnelovani saqaravno gza gadioda. gasayarSi
Sendeboda cixe-simagre, romelsac agaraTa cixe-
simagre ewodeboda.2 kojris cixe daSenebulia
vulkanuri warmoSobis maRali mTis wverze, rac
mas warsulSi miudgomels xdida. qarTuli eposis
erT-erT SesaniSnav nimuSSi — `eTeriani~ — kojris
cixis miuvaloba xatovnad aris gadmocemuli:

1
m. jangiZe. kojori. gaz. `samgori~. Tb. 1960. gv. 2.
2
m.jangiZe. kojori. gaz. `Tbilisi~. 1960. 16. agvisto. gv:2.
6
 `kojris Tavsa movla unda
mosarbensa orbisasa~

am cixes bevrjer ganucdia restavracia, mas

samxreT-aRmosavleTisa da samxreT-dasavleTis
mxridan mrgvali formis koSkebi hqonda, romlis
kedlebma dRemde nangrevebis saxiT moaRwia. sam-
xreT-aRmosavleT nawilSi aRmarTuli koSkis ked-
lebi Tlili qviTa da didi zomis kvadratuli
formis aguriTaa nagebi. meore koSki, romelic
qviTaa nagebi, ufro adrindeli unda iyos.
specialistebis azriT, kojris cixe XI s.-is
nagebobaTa ricxvs unda ekuTvnodes.
am cixe-simagres didi strategiuli mniSvne-
loba hqonda feodaluri saqarTvelosaTvis. igi
kveTda somxiT- sabraTianodan TbilisSi mimaval
erTaderT gzas. amitomac iyo, rom mas jerovan yu-
radRebas aqcevdnen qarTveli saxelmwifo mesveu-
rebi.

7
 kojris cixe

8
 kojris cixis istoriuli warsuli ZiriTad
xazebSi ase warmogvidgeba: agaraTa cixe XI s.-is 60-
ian wlebSi bagrat mefem ganZis patrons amira fad-
lons waarTva. `SuamdgomlobiTa da sityvaTa
sultanisaTa daezava bagrat da ganuteva fad-
lon da gagzavna saÃelmwifosa Tvissa~. cota
xnis Semdeg ganZis amira fadlonma es cixe isev
xelT igdo, `gatexna ficni da Suamdgomlobani
didisa sultanisani~, magram bagrat mefem sami
Tvis brZolis Semdeg kvlav aiRo igi da amira fad-
loni samagaliTod dasaja.1
`didi Turqobisas~ agaraTa cixe isev mtris
xelSi gadavida da mxolod 1118 wels aiRo daviT
aRmaSenebelma erTi dRis brZoliT. 2
1123 wels daviT aRmaSenebelma es cixe ivane
orbels uwyaloba.3
1177 wels agaraTa cixe demna batoniSvilisa
da ivane orbelis SeTqmulebis bude iyo. amave
wels giorgi mefem es cixe 25— iani alyis Semdeg ai-
Ro. amieridan agaraTa cixe giorgi mefisa da Tamar
mefis xelT iyo.4

1
n. berZeniSvili. Zveli Tbilisis toponimikidan. Jurn. `mi-
momxilveli~. 1951. #2. gv. 54. iv. javaxiSvili. qarTveli eris
istoria. t. II. Tb. 1965. gv:156-157. qarTlis cxovreba. e. Ta-
yaiSvilis red. tf. 1906. gv. 275.
2
n. berZeniSvili. dasax. naSromi. gv. 56.
3
iqve.
4
iqve.
9
 Tamar mefem agaraTa cixeSi miiRo da 10 dRe
anebivra Sirvan Sahi da misi siZe amir— mirmani Sam-
qoris brZolis win.
Tamars Tavisma ymadnaficma SirvanSahma da
misma siZem amir-mirmanma daxmareba sTxoves adar-
badaganis mmarTvelis abu-baqris winaaRmdeg sab-
rZolvelad. amis Semdeg SirvanSahi da amir-mirmani
TbilisSi Camovidnen. Tbilisidan isini miwveulebi
iyvnen `Walasa agaraTasa~. (Walasa agaraTaSi unda
vigulisxmoT agaraTa cixe) `maSin movides amir-
mirmani faqlavandis Svili da aRsarTan Sarvan-
Sa yovlisa aranisa didebuliTa da hulamiTa~.
qarTvelebi sagangebod moemzadnen. `dadges Ãel-
mwifeni suesrulni da RmrTiv amobrwinvale-
bulni Walasa agaraTasa da pativismcemelTa ne-
bisyoflobisa maTisaTa awuivnes da moiwuivnes
didiTa zariTa da pativiTa dedofali rusudan
aqa~. qarTvelebma SirvanSahsa da amir-mirmans
grandiozuli daxvedra mouwyves agaraTa cixeSi.
`romelman saxelman, vismca gonebaman da enaman
aRmoTquvna qebani zarTa da didebisani, karavTa
sarafadaTa, koSkTa da filofatTani da Semkobi-
lebani beselisebrni gina solomonianni taZri-
sa RmrTisani~. 1

1
n. berZeniSvili. dasax. naSromi gv: 47— 51. iv. javaxiSvili.
dasax. naSromi. t. II. Tb. 1983. gv. 267. iv. SaiSmelaSvili. Sam-
qori, basiani. Tb. 1981. gv. 24— 25.
10
 basili ezosmoZRvari ixseniebs agaraTa cixes,
sadac dasneulebuli Tamar mefe naxevari wliT Ta-
visi samefo amaliT dasaxlebula.1
Tamar mefe didebulTa da warCinebulTa Tan-
xlebiT, Turme, naWarmagevsa mdgara, rodesac `ga-
moaCnda seni gamaoÃrebeli Cueni, romeli dRi-
Ti-dRe damZimdeboda~. rom aravin Seewuxebina,
Tamari iTmenda, sanam senma ar sZlia. ra avadmyo-
foba iyo es seni, aRniSnuli ar aris. mematiane am-
bobs mxolod, rom `dedobrivman uZlurebaman
gangrZobilTa Sina mÃedrobaTa ara Tavs-idva Se-
umTxvevlad miSveba agebulebisa~-o. avadmyofi
Tamar mefe naWarmagevidan `wamoiyvanes kuboTa
tfiliss~, (kubo `ese ars qalTa da kacTa Casajdo-
meli, aqlemTa asakidebeli, gina xeliT satarebe-
li~ — sulxan-saba orbeliani). magram `Semdgomad
mcireTa dReTa enebaT da iswrafdes Cveulebisa-
mebr, raTa dasos (baRnars) ganvidnen~. arc aman
Seumsubuqa avadmyofoba, piriqiT, `didad gaZnel-
da seni igi uwyalo~ da `iqiTgan wamoiyvanes aga-
raTa cixesa~ raki yoveli `gamomeZiebloba mkur-
nalTa Ãelovnebisa~ amao aRmoCnda, mTel saqar-
TveloSi iyo `litaniobani da Ramis Tevani mim-
debni da cremlTa dinebani ixilvebodes, mdi-
darTa da glaxakTani, sworebiT.~ mxurvale gu-

1
basili ezosmoZRvari. cxoreba mefeT— mefisa Tamarisi. Tb.
1944. gv. 32-33.
11
liT SesTxovdnen yvelani RvTaebas, daavadebuli
mefisTvis gankurneba mieniWebina, `garna ganCine-
bani wina-aRudgomeli iyo~ da mwodebeli karTa
zeda dga~. didebuli Tamar mefe gardaicvala. rac
Tavis mxriv adasturebs im faqts, rom didebuli
qarTveli mefe Tamari swored agaraTa cixeSi
aResrula.1
kojori ZvelTaganve iTvleboda qarTvel me-
feTa savaned.
kojris cixe XV s.-dan somxiT-sabaraTianos
didi feodalis solaRaSvilebis sagvareulo ci-
tadels warmoadgenda.
kojris cixe didad daaziana 1488 wels iayub
yaenis mier gamogzavnilma laSqarma xalil-begis
meTaurobiT. rogorc mematiane gadmogvcems, koj-
ris cixis misadgomebTan momdgarma TurqmanTa
mravalricxovani jaris meTofeebma gamanadgure-
beli cecxli dauSines qarTvel mecixovneebs. so-
laRaSvilebis mcirericxovani mecixovneebi, ro-
melTac maSveli Zala ar hyavdaT, xangrZlivi
brZolis Semdeg iZulebuli Seiqnen mtrisTvis See-
tovebinaT es cixe-simagre, `xolo viTarca gaTen-

1
iv. javaxiSvili. dasax. naSromi. gv. 289-290. z. WiWinaZe. qar-
Tlis cxovreba. dasabamiTgan mecxramete saukunemde. wigni II.
T. I. tf. 1898. gv. 486-489. qarTlis cxovreba. e. TayaiSvilis
red. tf. 1906. gv. 530-533.
12
da, naxes TaTarTa, cixe ukacuri, Sevides Sigan
da kaci ara ipoves, mihyves xeli da daaqcies~.1
i.a. giuldenStedma 1771— 1772 w.w. saqarTve-
loSi mogzaurobis dros Tavis dRiurebSi Cawera:
`mefeebi winaT, zafxulobiT, idgnen mTaze ko-
jorTan, radgan iq sicxeebi naklebia... reziden-
cias sxva mizezebis gamo ar stovebdnen.~2
kojris cixis Sesaxeb mravali saintereso
gadmocemaa Semonaxuli. erT-erTi gadmocemiT
kojris cixeSi iyo Sexiznuli legendaruli gmiri
qoroRli — amitomaa, rom am cixes zogjer qoroR-
lis cixis saxelwodebiTac ixsenieben. es saxelwo-
deba XVIII s.-dan damkvidrda. XVIII saukunis cnobili
geografi vaxuSti bagrationi kojris cixes azeu-
las uwodebs.3
zepiri gadmocemis mixedviT, kojris cixes
Tavs afarebda gmiri qali Tina wavkiseli.4
1625 wels sofel marabdasTan brZolaSi qar-
Tvelebi damarcxdnen, magram meore dRes omi koj-
ris midamoebSi gagrZelda. kojris cixis misadgo-
mebTan gamarTul Seupovar brZolaSi qarTvelebma
didi ziani miayenes yizilbaSebs.
1795 wlis seqtemberSi, saqarTveloSi aRa-mah-
mad-xanis Semosevis dros, qarTvelebma medgari wi-

1
iv. javaxiSvili. Txzulebani. t.III. Tb. 1982. gv. 369-370.
2
giuldenStedi. mogzauroba saqarTveloSi. 1966. gv. 6.
3
d. gozaliSvili. kojori. Tbilisi. 1966. gv. 6.
4
m. jangiZe. dasax. naSromi.
13
naaRmdegoba gauwies sparsel dampyroblebs koj-
ris cixis misadgomebTan.
XIII-XVII saukuneebs Soris kojorSi zafxulo-
biT mefeTa dgomis tradicia didi xniT Sewyveti-
la da mxolod XVII saukuneSi rostom mefes ganuax-
lebia. vaxuSti bagrationi aRniSnavs, rom kabenis
monastris samxreTiT aris cixe. `kojris Txemsa
zeda kldisasa. am cixis samxreTiT ars sasaxle
mefisa. kojori aRaSena pT mefeman rostom ume-
tesa Ja mefeman giorgim da Jd mefeman vaxtang.
dgebodnen zafxuls mefeni~. aqve hqondaT mSveni-
eri marnebi, sadac Rvinoebs ezidebodnen qvemo
qarTlis soflebidan. kojorSi iyo, agreTve qar-
Tvel mefeTa mTavari sajiniboebi. amave saukuneSi
kaTalikos nikoloz amilaxors auSenebia sasaxle
da karis saydari.1
kojris samxreT-dasavleTiT, patara mdina-
ris — asureTis wylis xeobaSi mdebareobs qabenis
monasteri, romlis erT-erTi taZari Tamar mefis
epoqis droindelia. es taZari (nangrevebi) warmo-
adgens Zveli qarTuli arqiteqturis saucxoo
Zegls. meore, Zveli taZari monastris galavnis ga-
reT SenarCunebulia Cven dromde. am taZris aRmo-
savleT kedelze darCenilia qarTuli warwera,

1
m. jangiZe. dasax. naSromi. gv. 2.
14
romlis mixedviT misi mSenebloba miekuTvneba Ta-
mar mefis epoqas.1
aqve aris XV s.-is ormoc mowameTa eklesia. ro-
gorc Cans, igi am midamoebSi mravlad gafantul ek-
lesia-monasterTagan erT-erTi iyo, romelic XV-XVI
s.s. aSenda. es is periodia, rodesac es mxare saqar-
Tvelos mefe aleqsandre I-ma samefo molares bara-
Ta qaCibaisZes uboZa. XVIII saukunisaTvis eklesia
TiTqmis dangeuli da dacarielebulia. 1759 wels
baraTaSvilebis ganayofi gvaris, orbelian-yafla-
niSvilebis brZanebiT, monasteri aRudgeniaT.
kojridan Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT, centridan
erTnaxevar
kilometrze, xSir, foTlovan tyeSi gadis sa-
urme gza, gzis marcxena mxares moCuxCuxebs civi
wyaro, romelic zafxulis cxel dReebSi sag-
rZnoblad klebulobs. uZos mTa zRvis donidan
1.419 metris simaRleze mdebareobs.2
`jer isev Sors vxedav uZos,
zmanebiT rom guls axurebs,
aval vityvi Tvali Cemi
saqarTvelos gadahyurebs~.
galaktion tabiZe
uZos qedze mdebareobs wm. giorgis saxelobis
eklesia, romelzec vaxuSti bagrationi werda —

1
m. nodia. dasax. naSromi. gv. 41.
2
d. gozaliSvili. kojori. Tb. 1966. gv. 12.
15
`uZo, eklesia wminda giorgisa, maRalsa gorasa
zeda, mWvreteli koJrisa da tfilisisa~.
uZos mwvervalidan metad lamazi sanaxaoba iS-
leba. aqedan moCans mwvaneSi Camjdari veres xeoba,
wyneTi, beTania, zedazeni, Sors ki kavkasionis
TeTrad moelvare mwvervalebi — myinvarwveri da
misi `Zmebi~.
swored am eklesiis gamo daerqva am mTas uZo.
arsebobs legenda, gavrcelebuli kojris mo-
saxleobaSi, rom es eklesia uSvilo (uZeo) kacs au-
Senebia da Sexvewebia, Svili momecio. misi Txovna
Sesrulebula da mas Semdeg aq salocavad modiod-
nen (uZeo) uSvilo mandilosnebi, evedrebodnen
wminda giorgis da iqve, erT xeze stovebdnen Sesa-
wiravs (am xes dResac natvris xes eZaxian). sityva
uZeodan mTas da eklesiasac uZo ewoda. uZos sila-
maZe waruSlel STabeWdilebas axdens mnaxvelze.
uZos wminda giorgis saxelobis dRe moZravi
qristianuli dResaswaulia. dReoba yovel wels,
aRdgomis momdevno samSabaT dRes imarTeba. dRe-
saswauls xalxSi uZoobas uwodeben. uZooba mxo-
lod adgilobrivi, lokaluri mniSvnelobis dRe
ar gaxlavT. am dRes uZos eklesiaSi kojris mcxov-
rebTa garda bevri maxlobeli Tu moSorebiT mde-
bare soflebis mosaxleoba ikribeba. bevri adamia-
ni amodis Tbilisidan. dResaswaulze mravlad Sex-
vdebiT ucxoeTidan Camosul stumrebsac.

16
wyaro uZosken mimaval gzaze

17
 uZos wm. giorgis saxelobis eklesia.

18
 xalxmravlobas uZoobis dResaswaulze didi
xnis istoria aqvs. xalxSi Semonaxuli gadmocemis
Tanaxmad, gasul saukuneebSi am dResaswaulze
sxvadasxva adgilebidan bevri adamiani mosalocad
kojrisaken urmebiT miemarTeboda.
kojris samxreTiT mdebareobs gudelisis ek-
lesia. misgan SemorCenilia saydris sami kedeli,
sadac aris sagvareulo saZvale. saflavis qvaze
garkveviT ikiTxeba: `orbeliani~. saydris garSemo
ganlagebulia saflavis qvebi. daaxloebiT 300 m-Si
aris wminda giorgis saxelobis eklesia.
Tbilisis SemogarenSi pirvelad XIX saukunis
60-ian wlebSi, kojorSi, gaixsna fosta-telegra-
fis ganyofileba, romelic maSin mxolod zafxul-
Si (saagarako sezonis dros) muSaobda.
1904 wlis 21 oqtombers kojorSi gaixsna sam-
revlo dawyebiTi skola kornile elizbaraSvilis
xelmZRvanelobiT. skolaSi miRebul iqna 40 bavSvi:
qarTvelebi, somxebi, mahmadianebi. maswavleblad
mowveul iqna saeparqio dedaTa saswavleblis kur-
sdamTavrebuli qalbatoni mariam WuxrukiZis asu-
li. skola TvalsaCino adgilas, eklesiis gverdiT
iyo. SigniTve iyo maswavleblis oTaxi.
1921 wlis TebervalSi ruseTis XI wiTeli ar-
mia Semovida kojris midamoebSi. kojris cixis
ferdobze 1989 wlis 9

19
 aprilamde idga memoriali warweriT: `aq Semo-
vida ruseTis XI armia~. es memoriali gadaagdes
1989 wlis 10 aprils, 9 aprilis tragediiT gamware-
bulma kojris axalgazrdebma. aq gaimarTa brZole-
bi qarTvel iunkrebsa da ruseTis XI armias Soris.
axalgazrda, 20-21 wlis iunkrebTan erTad ibrZod-
nen polkovniki a. CxeiZe, maswavlebeli v. barnovi,
leitenanti andronikaSvili, damfuZnebeli krebis
wevri r. gabaSvili, leitenanti ToiZe da sxv. Teber-
vlis okupaciasTan dakavSirebiT, SeuZlebelia ar
aRvniSnoT maro mayaSvili, romelic kojris brZo-
lebis dros daiRupa. 19 wlis maro maSin omSi moxa-
lised, mowyalebis dad, wavida da saqarTvelos Ta-
visuflebas Seswira Tavi. daRupuli ToiZis, mayaS-
vilis da iunkrebis gvamebi TbilisSi Caasvenes da
didi sakrebulo taZris galavanTan dakrZales, mag-
ram bevri iunkeri iqve daumarxavT da ara marto da-
xocilebi, daWrili iunkrebisTvisac miuyriaT miwa
mtrebs. es ambavi SesaniSnav qarTvel poets terenti
granels smenia da leqsic dauweria.

20
`daxocilebTan erTad, Turme nu ityviT, daWri-
li iunkrebic daumarxavT~.
1921
`axla es fiqri sxva samarea.
movida qari, xe Searxia,
da saqarTvelo es is mxarea,
sadac cocxali xalxi marxia.
cixeSi vzivar, gareT mTvarea,
Sors gausxlavi, lurjia baRi,
da saqarTvelo es is mxarea,
sadac rom cocxlad marxia xalxi~.
terenti graneli

dRes am adgilas iunkerTa xsovnis pativsace-

mad memorialia aRmarTuli.
arsebobs gegma, romlis mixedviTac Tbilisi-
kojris mimarTulebiT unda yofiliyo sarkinigzo
gza. igi warmoadgenda `didi tfilisis~ sakuror-
to, kulturul-administraciul da sawarmoo qa-
laqis gegmis erT nawils. magram es gegma ar gan-
xorcielda, Tu ratom, es ar aris cnobili.1
kojorSi, skola-internatis ezoSi, miwis sa-
muSaoebis dros, aRmoCnda Rrmad dafluli ganZi.
igi Sedgeboda spilenZis oTxi TefSisgan da erTi
Tasisagan. 1963 wels ganZi gadaeca saqarTvelos

1
l. CijavaZe. kojris eleqtro-rkinis gza. `kergza~. Tb.
1931. 35 gv.
21
saxelmwifo muzeumis feodaluri xanis ganyofi-
lebas. qimiuri gawmendis Semdeg yvela WurWelze
aRmoCnda mxedruli warwerebi.
TefSebi, SeiZleba iTqvas, zustad erTmaneTis
gameorebas warmoadgens, mxolod zomebiT da war-
weris SinaarsiT gansxvavdebian. TefSebi mokalu-
li yofila. kala zog adgilas SerCenili aqvs. or
TefSs, romlebic zomiT tolebi arian, gare napir-
ze dayveba sami sityvisagan Semdgari mxedruli
warwera. erT TefSze weria `vtng~, meoreze ki
`vaxtang~, daklebuli asoebis aRdgeniT warwera
ikiTxeba ase: `q. mefe vaxtang~.
es TefSebi vaxtang VI saWurWles ekuTvnoda.
ganZis kojorSi aRmoCena SemTxveviTi ar unda
iyos. kojori xom ZvelTaganve qarTvel didebul-
Ta dasasvenebeli iyo.
1721-22 wlebSi vaxtang VI moarTves yaenisagan
gamogzavnili sapatio niSnebi da samxreT azerbai-
janis spaspetoba uboZes.
rogorc Cans, XVII-XVIII saukuneebis I meoTxed-
Si kojris sasaxleSi cxovreba mimdinareobda. sa-
saxlis karze arsebobda saWurWle, romelsac hyav-
da meWurWleTuxucesi da mejameTuxucesi.1
`tfilisis unika~ gaxlavT pirveli safosto
saqalaqo (da ara saxelmwifo) marka, romelic kav-

1
g. kiknaZe. kojris ganZi. Jurn. `Zeglis megobari~. 1968. #15.
gv.55-58
22
kasiis teritoriaze gamoica. marka kavkasiis megis-
nacvalma, Tavadma aleqsandre bariatinskim (1815-
1879) gamosca. markis zomaa 22x22 mm. mis zemo na-
wilSi gamosaxulia imperiis simbolo orTaviani
arwivi, araratis mTa noes kidobniT, mdinare
mtkvari, wminda giorgi da merkuris kverTxi. naxa-
ti reliefuria. marka mxolod Tbilissa da ko-
jorSi vrceldeboda. yofili sabWoTa kavSiris te-
ritoriaze is ar moipoveba.
`tfilisis unikiT~ Tavis droze cnobili ru-
si iuveliri karl faberJec dainteresda. mis ko-
leqciaSi sami egzemplari inaxeboda.
dResdReobiT tfilisis unika filatelistu-
ri iSviaToba gaxlavT.
akademikosi g. muxaZe, romelic kargad icnob-
da kojors da aTeuli wlebis manZilze isvenebda
am kurortze, aRniSnavda, rom kojorSi arsebobs
friad xelSemwyobi pirobebi bavSvTa mkurnalobi-
saTvis. gansakuTrebiT kuW-nawlavTa daavadebis
dros.
n. yifSiZis dakvirvebiT gamoirkva, rom ko-
jorSi mkurnalobis Sedegad bavSvTa sisxlSi he-
moglobini mkveTrad matulobs 10%-dan 25%-mde.
maRali temperatura iklebs da swrafad iRebs ke-
Til mimdinareobas. amitomac iyo, rom kojorSi
bevri samkurnalo dawesebuleba da sanatoriumi

23
arsebobda. samwuxarod, dRes aRarc erTi ar fun-
qcionirebs.
Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, ai es aris patara koj-
ris didi istoria. istoria — romelic matianem Se-
mogvinaxa.

24
tfilisis unika

25
 gamoyenebuli literatura

1. basili ezosmoZRvari. cxoreba mefeT— mefi-

sa Tamarisi. iv. javaxiSvilis redaqciiT. Tb.
1944 w.
2. giuldenStedi. mogzauroba saqarTveloSi.
t. I. 1966 w.
3. d. gozaliSvili. kojori. Tb. 1966 w.
4. g. kiknaZe. kojris ganZi. Jurn. `Zeglis mego-
bari~. 1968 w. #15.
5. z. WiWinaZe. qarTlis cxovreba. dasabamiTgan
mecxramete saukunemde. wigni II. t. I. tf.
1898 w.
6. iv. javaxiSvili. Txzulebani. t. III. Tb. 1982
w.
7. iv. javaxiSvili. qarTveli eris istoria. t.
II. Tb. 1931 w.
8. l. CijavaZe. kojris eleqtro-rkinis gza.
`kergza~. Tb. 1931 w.
9. m. jangiZe. kojori. gaz. `Tbilisi~ . 1960 w.
16 agvisto.
10. m. jangiZe. kojori. gaz. `samgori~. Tb. 1960
w. 18 agvisto.
11. m. nodia. saqarTvelos kurortebi da saku-
rorto resursebi. Tb. 1976 w.

26
12. n. berZeniSvili. Zveli Tbilisis toponimiki-
dan. Jurn. `mimomxilveli~. 1951. #2.
13. qarTlis cxovreba. mariam dedofliseuli
nusxa. e. TayaiSvilis redaqciiT. Tb. 1906 w.

27
 gamomcemloba `universali~
Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. 19,
: 22 36 09, 8(99) 17 22 30
E-mail: universal@internet.ge

28