ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis

saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. I

Tbilisi. 2011

aleqsandre boSiSvili

gorulis warweraSi moxseniebul

pirTa vinaobis sakiTxisaTvis

goruli1 mdebareobs marneulis municipalitetSi,

sof. ofreTis axlos. md. Sulaveris zemo welze. goru-
li nasoflaria, adgilobrivi mosaxleoba (sofel wo-
faSi an janxoSi mcxovrebi berZnebi) mas ai–nikolas
anu wminda nikolozis saxeliT icnobs.
aq, mTis damrec kalTaze feodaluri ansamblia –
koSki, koSkis garSemo samoqalaqo SenobaTa nangrevebi,
xolo samxreT dasavleTiT da Crdilo dasavleTiT
250–300 m. manZilze, ori erTnaviani eklesiaa. erTia na-
texi qviT naSeni RvTismSoblis erTnaviani eklesia
(axlandeli wm. nikolozi). SigniT aRmosavleTis mxares
naxevarwriuli afsidi aqvs. samxreT dasavleTiT da
CrdiloeTis kedlebi Camongreulia. SesaZlebelia hqon-
da egvterebi da karibWe.2 prof. vaxtang beriZe varau-
dobs, rom es Zeglebi XVII saukunis unda iyos.3

1 gorulSi misasvlelad marneuli, soflebi – Sulaveri, sadaxlo,

wofa da janxoSi unda gaiaro.
2 v. beriZe. XVI-XVIII saukuneebis qarTuli xuroTmoZRvreba. I tomi.
Tb. 1983, gv. 176; v. beriZe. goruli. qarTuli sabWoTa enciklopedia.
t. III. Tb. 1978, gv. 234; v. beriZe. XVI-XVIII saukuneebis qarTuli saek-
lesio xuroTmoZRvreba. Tb. 1994, gv. 68–69.
3 v. beriZe. XVI-XVIII saukuneebis qarTuli xuroTmoZRvreba. I tomi.
Tb. 1983, gv. 180.
176
 aleqsandre boSiSvili. gorulis warweraSi moxseniebul pirTa vinaobis
sakiTxisaTvis

1956-1958 wlebis qvemo qarTlis eqspediciis dros

akad. daviT musxeliSvilma somxur enaze Sesrulebul
warweras miagno. mecnieri varaudobs, rom es samSeneb-
lo warweraa, Tumca aris mosazreba, rom igi sxva adgi-
lidan aris gadmotanili. pirvelad daviT musxeliS-
vilma waikiTxa es warwera da warweridan gamomdinare
ivarauda, rom igi ioseb Tbilelis didmouravianidan
cnobil somxiTis meliq aTabeks ekuTvnoda.
1. welsa 1615. me batonma – ? –
2. aRvaSene wminda eklesia
3. xsnisaTvis sulisa Cemisa
4. myavda 6 Svili: didi batoni aT
5. abeki, romelic am qveynis meliqi iyo, miri
6. mani, ?, ?, aslani
7. elikumi ? batoni manTaSi – ? – 4
warwera dazustda da 2009 wels xelmeored gamoi-
ca giorgi gagoSiZis da naTia CantlaZis mier. axal ga-
mocemaSi avtorebi azusteben ramdenime adgils, maT So-
ris eqvsi Zmis mamis saxels (mavqosi) da erT-erTi Zmis
mirimanis saxelos (baRtat xani), Tumca arc amjerad
aris dazustebuli warweraSi moxseniebul pirTa vinao-
ba. gamomcemlebi aRniSnaven, rom `aseTi ojaxis kvali
araTu warweris dRevandeli mdebareobis adgilas,
aramed saerTod, somxeTis teritoriazec, arc am da
arc sxva periodSi ar dasturdeba~. Sesabamisad, avto-
rebs es warwera nayalbevad miaCniaT.5

4 d. musxeliSvili. qvemo qarTlis istoriul geografiuli eqspe-

diciis savele samuSaoTa (1956-1958 ww.) Sedegebi. `saqarTvelos is-
toriuli geografiis krebuli~. t. I. Tb. 1960, gv. 52-53.
5 g. gagoSiZe, n. CantlaZe. monofizituri Zeglebi saqarTveloSi.

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 saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. I

welsa 1064 (1615) me batonma mavqosma

avaSene es wminda eklesia
Cemi sulis xsnisaTvis
myavda eqvsi Svili didi batoni
aTabeki, romelic am qveynis meliqi iyo, mirimani
baRtat xani iyo, aslani
[..e]lgumi batoni manTaSi qana[...]
[...]6
Cveni varaudiT warweraSi moxseniebuli pirebi ad-
gilobrivi mflobelebi, mirimaniZeebi anu somxiTis me-
liqis Svilebi (Tavadi meliqiSvilebi) unda iyvnen.
rogorc cnobilia, XVII saukunis dasawyisSi, rode-
sac 1604 wels Sah abas I-ma (1587-1629 ww.) qarTlis mefe
giorgi X-m (1600-1606 ww.) da kaxeTis mefe aleqsandre II-
m (1574-1605 ww.) erevanTan omSi osmalebi daamarcxes, om-
Si monawileobis da warmatebis gamo Sahma qarTveli
mefeebi `uxvad~ daajildova. giorgi mefes iranSi misca
soflebi da 300 Tumani jamagiri dauniSna. samagierod,
lore da mdinare debedas xeoba gamosTxova.7 `da SeuZn-
da friad da rameTu ara eZlo uari Saabazisa da daane-
ba lore da daipyra cixe lorisa Saabaz~.8 loreSi lo-
ris saxano Seiqmna, xolo md. debedis xeobaSi Turqma-
nuli tomi borCalu Camoasaxles. ioane batoniSvilis
cnobis mixedviT, rodesac Sahma loreSi Tavisi jari
daayena `muneburi meliqi mivida winaSe Saabazisa da mi-

Tb. 2009, gv. 97.

6 g. gagoSiZe, n. CantlaZe. monofizituri Zeglebi saqarTveloSi, gv. 96.
7 g. jamburia. iran-osmaleTis axali omi da qarTl-kaxeTis samefo-
ebi. wgn.: saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi. t. IV. Tb. 1973, gv.Q247.
8 axali qarTlis cxovreba. mesame teqsti. qarTlis cxovreba. teqs-

ti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT simon yauxCi-

Svilis mier. t. II. Tb. 1959, gv. 537.
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 aleqsandre boSiSvili. gorulis warweraSi moxseniebul pirTa vinaobis
sakiTxisaTvis

iRo mamadianoba, romlisaTvis jildod Saabazman gaa-

Tavada da misca gvarad meliqobaÁ da mamuli loris xe-
obasa Sina saxasoTagan mefisa~.9 vaxuStic xazs usvams,
meliqiSvilTa Sah-abasis periodidan dawinaurebas da
maT somxur warmomavlobas da aRniSnavs _ meliqiSvili
`ara aris guari, aramed somexsa visme pativsca Saabaz
gamohmadianebisTvis~.10 miiCneva, rom somxiTis meliqi da
loris meliqi naTesavebi da erTi ojaxis ori Stos
warmomadgenlebi arian.11
XVII saukuneSi Camoyalibebuli mirimaniZeebis sag-
vareulos samflobelo, anu somxiTis meliqis mamuli,
saTavados saxiT qarTlis samefos SemadgenlobaSi Se-
dioda, Tumca Sahis mxardaWeriT sargeblobda da sxva
qarTuli saTavadoebisagan gansxvavebul da upirates
mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda. meliqebi Sahisadmi erTgu-
lebiT gamoirCeodnen da cxadia, Sahic Sesaferisad
afasebda maT erTgulebas da cdas ar aklebda es mxare
CamoeSorebina saqarTvelosTvis da damoukidebel saxa-
nod eqcia. `meliqis sulRari~ (sparsulad seiorRali –
mamuli) `dauwereli~ iyo. qarTveli mefe mis mamuls ga-
dasaxadebs ver awerda, meliqis mefisadmi morCileba

9 ioane batoniSvili. SemoklebiT aRwera saqarTvelosa Sina mcxov-

rebTa TavadTa da aznaurTa gvarebisa. masala istoriisaTvis.
redaqtori da gamomcemeli z. kacelaSvili. Tb. 1997, gv. 34.
10 vaxuSti bagrationi. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. qarTlis
cxovreba. teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT
simon yauxCiSvilis mier. t. IV. Tb. 1973, gv. 34-35
11 ioane batoniSvili. SemoklebiT aRwera saqarTvelosa Sina mcxov-
rebTa TavadTa da aznaurTa gvarebisa. masala istoriisaTvis. re-
daqtori da gamomcemeli z. kacelaSvili. Tb. 1997, gv. 34; R. I. Erme-
rin. Annuaire de la Noblesse de Russie, contenant les prince de l`Empire, augmenté
d`un grand nombre de notices sur les familles alliées. SPb. 1899, gv. 215; Jacques
Ferrand. Familles Princières de Géorgie. Montreuil. 1983, gv. 128.
179
 saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. I

nominaluri iyo da dasturlamalis mixedviTac umniS-

vnelo valdebulebebi hqonda.
mirimaniZeebi, rogorc somxiTis meliqebi, saukune-
Ta ganmavlobaSi warmatebiT moRvaweobdnen am terito-
riaze. eTnikuri warmomavlobiT, rogorc aRiniSna, al-
baT somxebi iyvnen, rasac gorulis warwerac adastu-
rebs, magram qarTlis samefo karze qarTvel TavadTa
ricxvSi iTvlebodnen.
mirimaniZeTa feodaluri saxlis warmateba Sahis
erTgul samsaxurze iyo damokidebuli. iranSi maTi sag-
vareulos araerTma warmomadgenelma miaRwia sxvadasxva
maRal sapasuxismgeblo Tanamdebobas.
warweraSi moxseniebuli arian:
aTabeki, romelic am qveynis meliqi iyo _ meliqi
aTabegi somxiTis meliqad _ 1619-1659 wlebis saistorio
sabuTebSi moixsenieba. igi Sah abasis saqarTveloze
laSqrobebis aqtiuri monawile iyo. Sah abasis istori-
kosis isqander munSis mixedviT _ 1616 wels, kaxeTidan
TbilisSi mosuli Sahi `gaemarTa somxiTisaken da ram-
denime dRe ilxenda meliq mirman somxiTaris SviliSvi-
lis aTabegis samyofels, romelic (iranis Sahis) wminda
gvareulobis erTgulTa ricxvs ekuTvnoda~.12 rogorc
vaxuSti bagrationi gadmogvcems, Sahis erTgulebis gamo,
meliq aTabegs da mis Zmas zaqums 1625 wels (martyofis
brZolaSi gamarjvebis Semdeg) giorgi saakaZe Tavs da-
esxa da qarTlidan gaaZeva. `miuÃda amaT mouravi, xolo
igini ivltodnen da waguarna dedawulni da qonebani~.13

12 isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. sparsuli teqsti

qarTuli TargmaniTa da SesavliTurT gamosca vladimer fuTuri-
Zem. Tb. 1969, gv. 111.
13 vaxuSti bagrationi. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. qarTlis

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 aleqsandre boSiSvili. gorulis warweraSi moxseniebul pirTa vinaobis
sakiTxisaTvis

aTabegi ZmebTan erTad iranSi gaiqca da mxolod XVII

saukunis 30-ian wlebSi dabrunda rostom xanis (1633-1658
ww.) daxmarebiT.14
warweraSi moxseniebuli mirimani baRtat xani, me-
liq aTabegis Zma, igive sefiyuli xania. igi jer yolma-
aris da alaSqeris beglarbegi iyo, Semdeg – hamadanis,
bolos, rogorc baRdadis dampyrobeli (1623 w.) erayis
mmarTvelad ijda 1633 wlamde.15 sparseli istorikosi
fazli xuzani esfahani Tavis naSromSi aRniSnavs, rom
1618/1619 wels (hijriT 1028 w.) `isfahanSi julfas somex-
Ta taruRas postze ganamweses mirman begi, maleq yorx-
maz qarTlelis vaJi, Rulamis Tamazyuli begis ZmisSvi-
li~. momdevno 1619/1620 ww. (hijriT 1029 w.) `yalamrus
(hamadanis) mmarTveloba mirman beg gurjis ergo, rome-
lic iyo isfahanis julfa somxebis taruRa (...) da da-
arqves sefiyuli xani~.16 sparsi istorikosebi (fazli
xuzani esfahani, iskander begi) mas qarTvelad da iran-
Si metad pativcemul kacad Tvlian. am cnobebidan vi-
gebT, rom sefiyulis namdvili saxeli mirimani yofila
da rom is iyo somxiTis provinciidan, misi mama da papa
flobdnen maliqis wodebas.17

cxovreba. teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT

simon yauxCiSvilis mier. t. IV. Tb. 1973, gv. 434.
14 farsadan gorgijaniZis istoria. sargis kakabaZis gamocema. `sais-
torio moambe~. t. II. Tb. 1925, gv. 239-240; cxovreba saqarTveloÁsa
(parizis qronika). teqsti gamosacemad moamzada, Sesavali, SeniSvne-
bi da saZieblebi daurTo giuli alasaniam. Tb. 1980, gv. 92.
15 v. gabaSvili. qarTuli feodaluri wyobileba XVI-XVII saukuneeb-
Si (SedarebiTi Seswavlis cda). Tb. 1958, gv. 194.
16 fazli xuzani esfahani. afzal al-Tavarixi. wgn.: h. maeda. qarTve-
lebi sefianTa iranSi. RulamTa oTxi ojaxis eTnosocialuri war-
momavloba. Tb. 2008, gv. 43.
17 h. maeda. qarTvelebi sefianTa iranSi. RulamTa oTxi ojaxis eT-

181
 saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. I

[..e]lgumi/elikumi _ SeiZleba gavaigivoT aTabegis

kidev erT ZmasTan, romelic qarTuli saistorio sabu-
Tebidan cnobilia, rogorc zaqumi.
zaqumi/zaqumbegi XVII saukunis II naxevris sabuTeb-
Si moixsenieba, igi Sahis erTgulia da amis gamo Zmas-
Tan erTad, 1625 wels giorgi saakaZisgan devnili gaxda.
Tumca male dabrunda qarTlSi da axal sagvareulos
zaqumiSvilebs daudo saTave. zaqumis gardacvalebis
Semdeg, misi Svilebi da STamomavlebi zaqumiSvilebad
moixseniebian.18
aslanisa da batoni manTaSis Sesaxeb saistorio sa-
buTebSi jerjerobiT araferi ar Cans.
kiTxvis niSani Cndeba maTi mamis mavqosis gamo.
rogorc cnobilia aTabegis, mirimanis da zaqumis mamas
saxelad yorxmazi erqva. mavqosi ras SeiZleba aRniSnav-
des ucnobia CvenTvis, Tumca akad. daviT musxeliSvili
saxels ver kiTxulobs da SesaZlebelia mavqosic yorx-
mazis varianti iyos (?).
aqedan gamomdinare gorulis warweraSi moxse-
niebul pirTa savaraudo genealogia ase gamoiyureba.

mavqos/yorxmazi

aTabegi mirimani eligumi/elikumi/zaqumi aslani manTaSi ?

nosocialuri warmomavloba, gv. 42-44.

18 pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni. XI-XVII ss. istoriuli sabuTebis
mixedviT. gamosacemad moamzades: darejan kldiaSvilma da mzia
surgulaZem. t. II. Tb. 1993, gv. 218-219; saqarTvelos siZveleni. sais-
torio da saeTnografio sazogadoebis gamocema. eqvTime TayaiSvi-
lis redaqtorobiT. t. III. tf. 1910, gv. 410.
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 aleqsandre boSiSvili. gorulis warweraSi moxseniebul pirTa vinaobis
sakiTxisaTvis

Alexander Boshishvili

ABOUT THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE PERSONS NAMED IN

GORULI INSCRIPTION

Summary

In Marneuli municipality (Eastern Georgia) near Goruli an

Armenian inscription of 1615 has been erected where some unknown
people are named. Chief person named in this inscription was Mavkos,
others are proposed to be his sons. Their names and identification are the
case of study of our research. Atabek who was Malik of this region is
among them, also Miriman Baghdad Khan who was the governor (Khan)
of Baghdad, Aslan, Elicum, Mantash, and one more brother of theirs
whose name is badly damaged and is impossible to read. In article we
have shown the fact that those folks listed in Goruli inscription were the
local lords from Mirimanidze noble family, they also held the office of
Melik of Somkhiti (later their descendants were known as Melikishvili
family).

183