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Title:
Cell transport I
Objective:
To determine the isotonic concentration of the potato cell sap
Apparatus & materials:
Boiling tubes, Boiling tube rack, Knife/ food slicer, Forceps, Graduated glass pipette,
1 M sodium chloride, NaCl solution, Distilled water, Potato, Tissue paper

Procedures:
1. A series of 20cm3 of NaCl solution at the concentration of 0.0M,
0.1M , 0.2M, 0.3M, 0.4M, and 0.5M was prepared from the stock
solution using dilution technique in labelled boiling tube. The volume
of solution and of distilled water used was recorded.
2. Eighteen cubes of potato tissue of about equal size(1cm x 1cm x 1cm)
was prepared by using knife.
3. The weight of three potato cubes was measured at one time and was
placed into each boiling tubes.
4. The cubes was removed using a forceps and wiped gently with tissue
paper after thirty minutes.
5. The final weight of the potato cubes was measured and the change in
average weight of potato was calculated.
6. A graph for the change in average weight of potato cubes and the
concentration of the NaCl solution was plotted.
Results:
Table 1: (title)
Weight of potato Concentration of NaCl solution (M)
cubes(g) 0.0M 0.1M 0.2M 0.3M 0.4M 0.5M
Initial weight of 3 3.23 3.70 3.81 3.46 3.14 3.57
cubes
Average initial weight 1.08 1.23 1.27 1.15 1.05 1.19
Final weight of 3 cubes 3.43 3.77 3.71 3.17 2.78 3.4
Average final weight 1.41 1.26 1.24 1.06 0.93 1.05
Change in average +0.06 +0.02 -0.03 -0.09 -0.12 -0.14
weight
Graph:
Discussions:
A hypotonic solution is a solution that has a lower concentration compared to
another solution (BD Editors,2019). For an example the concentration of NaCl
solution of 0.0M and 0.1M are hypotonic solution to the potato cube because
the concentration of the solution of NaCl solution is lower than the potato
cube hence the water molecule will move from the NaCl solution into the
potato cube and causing the increasing of weight of the potato cube.

A hypertonic solution is a solution that has a higher concentration compared to

another solution. The hypertonic solution to the potato cubes in this
experiment is the 0.2M, 0.3M, 0.4M, and 0.5M solution. This causes the water
molecule flow out from the potato cube to the NaCl solution causing the
potato cube looses weight and shrink.

A isotonic solution is a solution that have the same concentration to the other
solution. Which will causes the amount of water molecule flowing into the
cell is equal to the amount of water molecule flowing out of the cell which
will not affect the weight of the cell. For this experiment, the concentration of
the isotonic solution for the NaCl solution is around from 0.1M to 0.2M.

Conclusion:
Base on the graph plotted above, the concentration of the isotonic solution of
NaCl solution is approximately 0.13M.
References:
1) Hypotonic solution (October 4,2019) BD Editors
https://biologydictionary.net/hypotonic-solution/
2) Hypertonic solution (June 14,2019) BD Editors
https://biologydictionary.net/hypertonic-solution/