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HIGH-POWER (E)
AUDIOOSCTLLATOR
Thishigh-powerversionof anaudiooscillator producesa strongaudibletone
usinga piezoelectrictransducer.All fourgatesexistingin the 4093lC are
usedin thisprojectto drivethetransducer witha goodaudiosignal.
The circuitcan be usedin alarms,toys,as a standalone
projectto teach
aboutoscillatorsspecifically,
or in experiments
usingcontinuous
soundsin
thefrequency rangebetween 100and10,000Hz.
The recommendedpiezoelectric
transducer emitsmaximumoutputpower
between700and3,000Hz,butit willalsooperatein otherfrequencies
with
lesspower.
Powersupplyvoltagerangeis between
5 and12volts.Currentrequirements
dependuponthepowersupplyvoltage,rangingfrom10to 50 mAtypically.
Pl adjuststhe tonefrequency.
Cl can be alteredwithina largerangeof
valuesas indicated
in theschematic
diagram, shownin Figurel.
placement
Components on a printed-circuit
boardis shownin Figurc2.You
canalsomountthecircuitusinga solderless
boardforexperimental
applica-
tions.
Allthecomponents (ifusedaspowersupply)
andthebatteries canbehoused
in a smallplasticbox.
BZ canbe replaced witha commonpiezoelectric
tweeter. But,in thiscase,
youshouldopenthetweeterandremove thesmalltransformer frominsideit.
Thentheoutputof thecircuitshouldbeconnected
directlyto thesmallpiezo-
electrictransducer.

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+5Vto +12V

tc1 - 40938

Figure 1

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Figure2

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PartsList - High-Power
AudioOscillator
lOl - 40938CMOSintegratedcircuit
BZ - Piezoelectric
transducer
(RadioShack273-090
or equivalent)
P1 - 100,000ohmpotentiometer
Rl - 10,000
ohm,114W,5%
resistor
C1 - 1200pFto 0.047uFceramicor metalfilmcapacitor

ldeasto Explore
Tolearnmoreaboutcomponents
anddevices:
o Thiscircuitcanalsoproducesoundin the ultrasoundband.Using
a 1,200pF capacitorfor C1,the rangewill reachan upperlimitof
about100,000 Hz.
o Explainhowa push-pull
outputstageoperates.
Scienceanduncommon
applications:
o Thiscircuitcanbe usedfor animalconditioning
or in experiments
involving
sounds.
o Byreplacing Pl withsensors,
suchas LDRs(LightDependent Re-
sistors)or NTCs(Negative-TemperatureCoefficientresistors),tone
frequency willbe light-dependent
or temperature-dependent.
-
o By replacing Pl withtouchsensorsor electrodes,
wecanusethe
circuitas lie detectoror bio-feedback
devices.The soundpitchwill
dependuponskinresistance.

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 PnfccrlE lllti-'lrdlilllr0sd[ru

o The circuitcan also be usedas a fish attractoror in experiments

wateranimalsandsounds.Replacing
involving BZwithwiresimmersed
into waterwill generateelectriccurrentfieldsfor experimentalworks
involvingthe influenceof thesefieldson fish or otherbeings.
o Someanimals,suchas miceandrats,arescaredoff by ultrasounds.
The circuitcan be usedin experiments to determinethe frequencies
that are moreetfectivefor this task.

Seeotherprojectsinvolvingsoundsfor newideasto explore.

1t8