Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two

dimensions

Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
Descriptor

1 By resolving and using the rule that the velocity of the ball after 6th
the collision parallel to the slope is unchanged, M1 3.3 Use Newton's
u cos 60  v cos  experimental law
of restitution in
By resolving and using NEL formula finds an expression for the the direction of
velocity of the ball after the collision perpendicular to the the impulse
slope: M1 3.3
eu sin 60  v sin 

Uses KE formula and components to attempt to form an

expression for the KE of the ball immediately after the collision
with their velocity components:
M1 3.4
2
1 2 1 u
mv  =   m (1  3e2 )
2 2 4 

Expression for KE of ball after collision fully correct as above. A1 1.1b

Interprets given ratio to form equation:

M1 1.1a
7
12
4

1  3e 2 
2
e A1 1.1b
Solves: 3

(6 marks)

Notes

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
Descriptor

2ai Correctly applies Impulse formula to find Impulse vector, I: 5th

M1
 2   7    1  1.1a Understand that
I  mv - mu  0.2          A1 impulse acts
 2  10    2.4  perpendicular to
the surface
through the
I    (1) 2  (2.4) 2  2.6 Ns A1 1.1b
Thus magnitude of Impulse sphere's centre

(3)

2aii 5th
Understand that
 13
5 
impulse acts
u   12  oe B1 1.1b perpendicular to
 
States the unit vector for the Impulse as  13  the surface
through the
sphere's centre

(1)

2b Chooses to use u.v to find the components of velocities 5th

M1 3.1b
perpendicular to the wall. PI
Understand that
impulse acts
Finds the component of the velocity of the sphere perpendicular
perpendicular to
to the wall before the collision:
the surface
M1 1.1b through the
 7   13  155
5

   12    
.  oe sphere's centre
 10   13  13

Likewise finds the component of the velocity of the sphere

perpendicular to the wall after the collision:
M1 1.1b
 2   13  14
5

   12    
.  oe
 2   13  13

155 14
e  M1 1.1a
Using the NEL formula: 13 13

14
e A1 1.1b
Thus 155

(5)

(9 marks)

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
Notes

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
Descriptor

3a 7th
132 126
4sin 𝛼= 65 =2sin 𝛽 Relate two
65
dimensional
impacts to
problems
𝑣 𝑤 involving two
M1 spheres of equal
3.4
[Note: Diagram or otherwise defines v and w A1 radius
perpendicular components may be omitted]
Parallel to the line of centres forms equation using COL
momentum formula using deduced values for cos α and cos β.
 56   16  512
3m  4    5m  2    5mw  3mv  5w  3v 
 65   65  65

Similarly forms equation using NEL formula:

M1
  56   16   256 3.4
 4  65   2  65    0.52  w  v  125 A1
    

Thus solves the two simultaneous equations to find v and w.

96 2848 A2 1.1b
v w
325 and 1625 oe (allow 3 decimal places or better)

Uses both components and total KE formula to calculate total

KE lost,
3m  2  132   96    5m  2  126   2848   
2 2 2 2
L  4           2        
2  
  65   325  
 2  
  65   1625   
  M1 3.4
Or considers energy change in parallel components only
3m  2  56   96    5m  2  16   2848   
2 2 2 2
L=  4           2      
2   65   325    2   65   1625   
   

Equates to given value L  3 and solves: m  0.283 A1 3.2a

(8)

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
3b Impulse acts parallel to the line of the centres (may be implied) M1 3.1b 5th
Understand that
 96 56  M1 1.1a
 0.283   4  impulse acts
Thus for Q on P: Impulse  325 65  perpendicular to
the surface
Thus magnitude of Impulse of Q on P = 0.892 Ns A1 1.1b through the
sphere's centre

(3)

(11 marks)

Notes

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
Descriptor

4a Derives (or simply states) relationship between angles before 6th

(60) and after (  ) colliding with Wall A: M1 1.1a Calculate the
tan   e  tan 60  e 3 angle of
deflection in an
oblique impact
Deduces for sphere to hit wall B: 0 „   45 M1 2.2a
with a surface

1
0 „ tan   1         0 „ e  * A1* 1.1b
Thus: 3

(3)

4b 1 6th
e   M1 1.1b
Uses 3 with tan   e 3 to find:   30 Calculate the
angle of
Thus deduces sphere meets wall B at an angle:   15 M1 1.1a deflection in an
oblique impact
1 with a surface
tan   tan15       5.104  A1 1.1b
Hence: 3 (5.1 or better)

(3)

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
4c Uses parallel and perpendicular directions, and NEL formula, to 8th
find, for speed of sphere, v, after colliding with wall A:
M1 3.3 Solve a wide
3 3 range of problems
v cosβ  3cos 60    v sin β  3esin 60 
2 and 2 involving
successive
oblique impacts
Thus uses Pythagoras to find: v =  3   oe M1 1.1b with smooth
surfaces
Similarly establishes parallel and perpendicular relationships for
before and after the sphere collides with wall B, where the
sphere leaves with speed w, at an angle  , such that:
M1 3.3
3
sin15  w sin θ
3 cos15  w cosθ and/or 3

2
Uses Pythagoras or  value from part 4bi to find w or w :
M1 1.1b
1
w2  3 cos2 15  sin 2 15  w2  2.82136  ( w  1.679  )
3

Uses correct formula to find KE lost over both collisions, L:

M1 1.1a
L
1
2

 0.25  32  their w2 
Thus Overall KE lost, L  0.772 joules (accept 0.77 or better) A1 1.1b

(6)

(12 marks)

Notes

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
Descriptor

5 Uses COL momentum formula along the line of centres using X 8th
and Y as the speeds of M and N in that same direction after the M1
3.3 Solve a wide
collision respectively:
A1 range of problems
2um cos 60  mX  mY  X  Y  u involving oblique
impacts between
Uses NEL formula  along line of centres two spheres

YX M1A1 3.4

= e   Y  X  ue oe
2u cos 60

Solves these two equations simultaneously, and correctly for X:

1 1 A1 1.1b
X  u (1  e) [Y  u(1  e) not needed ]
2 2

Uses NEL result relating to angle  made by N relative to the

M1 3.4
wall after the collision with it: tan   E tan 60  E 3

After the collision with N, the perpendicular component of the

M1 1.1a
velocity of M is unchanged: 2u sin 60  u 3

The acute angle,  , from the line of centres made by M after the
collision, by trigonometry is thus:
M1 2.1
perpendicular component of velocity u 3 2 3
tan    1 
parallel component of velocity 2
u (1  e ) 1 e

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 Mark scheme Further Mechanics 1 Unit Test 6: Elastic collisions in two
dimensions
Deduces from parallel line geometry if the paths are to be
α = 60  θ M1 2.2a
parallel after the collisions then:

tan 60  tan    2 3
tan α  tan  60        M1 2.1
Thus: 1  tan 60 tan  1  e

Now substitutes tan   E 3 to give:

M1 1.1b
3E 3 2 3
    1  E   1  e   2(1  3E )
1  3E 1 e

1 e
E (1  e)  6 E  2  (1  e)  E  * A1* 2.2a
Hence: 7e

(12 marks)

Notes

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