Experiment No: 8

Date:

BJT Switching
Objectives:
1. To determine if BJT is working correctly as a switch.
2. To verify switching speed of BJT and test its limitations through
simulation.
3. To test the effect of speed up capacitor on switching speed.
Materials Used:
Semiconductor: Diode, Bjt(Q2N222).
Resistor: 47k, 10k, 1.5k, 1k.
Capacitor: 47pF

Table-1: DC Voltage Input

Input Voltage VBE (V) VCE (V) Circuit Condition
0V DC 0V 10V Off
5V DC 0.7V 0.08V On

Based on the above observation we can clearly see that the transistor is
behaving like a switch and it acts according to the base voltage applied.

Table-2: Square Wave Input

Amplitude = 5V Frequency = 100kHz
Speed-Up Capacitor ton toff
Not Inserted o.75 uS 1.72 uS
Inserted 0.062 uS 0.028 uS
 Circuit Diagrams

Dc Voltage Circuit

Square wave input without Speed up Capacitor Square wave input with Speed up capacitor filter
 ** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-switch" [ C:\Users\supre\Desktop\Abhay's\BjtSwitch\Bjt_Switch-PSpiceFiles\SCHEMATIC1\sw...
Date/Time run: 09/26/19 18:24:53 Temperature: 27.0
(A) switch (active)
12V

Measurement of Collector Emitter voltage at 0 Base Emitter Voltage

(127.528n,10.000)

10V
Vce

8V

6V Vbe = 0V

Vce = 10V

4V

2V

Vbe
0V
0s 0.1us 0.2us 0.3us 0.4us 0.5us 0.6us 0.7us 0.8us 0.9us 1.0us
V(Q1:c) V(Q1:b)
Time
Date: September 26, 2019 Page 1 Time: 18:28:33
 ** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-switch" [ C:\Users\supre\Desktop\Abhay's\BjtSwitch\Bjt_Switch-PSpiceFiles\SCHEMATIC1\sw...
Date/Time run: 09/26/19 18:29:10 Temperature: 27.0
(A) switch (active)
800mV

(67.614n,697.707m) Collector Emitter voltage at +5V Base emitter Voltage

Vbe

600mV

Vbe = 0.69V

Vce = 0.08V

400mV

200mV

(67.614n,88.054m)
Vce

0V
0s 0.1us 0.2us 0.3us 0.4us 0.5us 0.6us 0.7us 0.8us 0.9us 1.0us
V(Q1:c) V(Q1:b)
Time
Date: September 26, 2019 Page 1 Time: 18:32:09
 ** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-switch" [ C:\Users\supre\Desktop\Abhay's\BjtSwitch\Bjt_Switch-PSpiceFiles\SCHEMATIC1\sw...
Date/Time run: 09/26/19 18:46:01 Temperature: 27.0
(A) switch (active)

6.0V Input Square waveform

4.0V

2.0V

0V
V(R4:1)
20V

Collector Emitter Voltage T(on)= 0.75 uS

T(off) = 1.72 uS
(20.141u,10.011)
(31.836u,9.3329)

10V

(20.890u,1.0602) (30.113u,129.290m)
SEL>>
0V
0s 5us 10us 15us 20us 25us 30us 35us 40us 45us 50us
V(Q1:c)
Time
Date: September 26, 2019 Page 1 Time: 18:51:34
 ** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-switch" [ C:\Users\supre\Desktop\Abhay's\BjtSwitch\Bjt_Switch-PSpiceFiles\SCHEMATIC1\sw...
Date/Time run: 09/26/19 18:52:36 Temperature: 27.0
(A) switch (active)

6.0V Input Square waveform

4.0V

2.0V

0V
V(R4:1)
20V

Collector Emitter Voltage with Speed up capacitor

T(on) = 0.062 uS

T(off)=0.028 uS
(19.972u,10.000) (30.028u,9.870)

10V

(20.039u,115.284m) (30.000u,93.940m)
SEL>>
0V
0s 5us 10us 15us 20us 25us 30us 35us 40us 45us 50us
V(Q1:c)
Time
Date: September 26, 2019 Page 1 Time: 18:58:47
 Results and Discussion
1. One of the most important application of transistor is that it can act as a
switch which can be electronically controlled.

2. Through the above experiment we saw the working of BJT as a switch

and the effect of speed up capacitor on it.

3. On time of BJT refers to how quick the output voltage drops from
maximum to 10% of its value on off time refers to how quick it rises from
0 to 90% of the maximum value.

4. We observe that without the capacitor filter the on time and off time is
more around 1 and 2uS respectively but if we apply a speed up capacitor
the time decreases drastically to juts few nanoseconds, so speed up
capacitor speed up the on and off time of transistor.

5. BJT as switch finds in application in computer motherboard and various

other electronic component which requires fast switching.