ACTIVELY PASSIVE

By N A L I N I K E M B H A V I

PREAMBLE …
INDIA IS A LAND OF PARADOX -AN AGGLOMERATION OF EXTREME CONDITIONS ,
ASPIRATIONS AND SITAUATIONS .

IT’S A COUNTRY THAT HAS IMMEASURABLE DIVIDE BETWEEN THE RURAL AND URBAN
SCENARIO – A LAND OF EXTRME ECONOMIC ,CULTURAL AND ASPIRATIONAL
DISPARITY.

THESE FACETS PLAY A HUGE ROLE IN SELECTION OF APPROPITE SOLUTIONS TO ANY

ACTIVITY (INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION AND INFRASTRUCTURE WHICH IS OUR RELEVANT
TOPIC TODAY ) AND HENCE WE OPINE THAT WE CANNOT MACROSCOPICALLY ADDRESS
THE GREEN REVOLUTION OF INDIA AND COME OUT WITH ASTANDARDIZED SOLUTION
BUT RATHER BREAK DOWN SOLUTIONS CONTEXTUALLY AND MICROSCOPICALLY
ADDRESS ISSUES WITH DUE RESPECT TO THESE VARIED SCENARIOS.
GREEN BUILDING SCENARIO IN INDIA
SHINING INDIA…….
ON ONE SIDE WE ARE WITNESSING PHENOMENONAL INITIATIVES BY CII-IGBC,
DEVELOPERS, PROFFESIONALS, CORPORATES GENERATING A MASSIVE GROWTH OF
GREEN BUILDINGS STARTING FROM A MODEST 20,000 SFT IN 2001 TO 1.21 BILLION SFT
TODAY MAKING INDIA THE 2ND LARGEST PRODUCER OF GREEN BUILDINGS IN THE
WORLD .

WHEREAS:
ON THE OTHER SIDE WE HAVE MORE THAN 70% OF THE POPULATION OPERATING OUT
OF RURAL AREAS AND URBAN SLUMS – HERE BASIC HOMES,POTABLE WATER ,POWER
,ROADS ,SANITARY SYSTEMS ARE A DISTANT DREAM AND A SCENARIO WHERE
“GREEN” IS A FAR FLUNG FUTURISTIC TERM STILL UNHEARD .

…. OTHER INDIA………

HENCE IT IS PERTINENT THAT WE ENCOMPASS THIS OTHER INDIA AND

EVOLVE A MULTI PRONGED STRATEGY AND EXPAND
OUR VISION AND FOCUS TO MAKE
INDIA AT LARGE A
GREENER PLACE……
DEMONSTRATIVE EXAMPLES……

ORGANIZED SECTOR
REAL ESTATE
 CONTEXT .
HOT AND HUMID CLIMATE
LOCATION:CHENNAI
TYPE OF PROJECT : RESIDENTIAL
MAX TEMPERATURE : 45 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE : 13.8 DEGREES [DECEMBER]
HIGH HUMIDITY

TECHNIQUES:

-ENVELOPE: WALLS OF BRICK AND FLY ASH BLOCKS

-TOWERS DESIGNED TO CAST SHADOWS ON EACH OTHER
MITIGATING SOLAR GAIN
BUFFERS DESIGNED TO INDUCE VENTURI EFFECT
--LOW E GLASS PREVENTING SOLAR GAIN

AKSHAYA BELVEDERE - IGBC PRE CERTIFIED GOLD

CONTEXT :

HOT AND HUMID

LOCATION:CHENNAI
L:MAX TEMPERATURE : 45 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE : 13.8 DEGREES
HIGH HUMIDITY

TECHNIQUES:
ENVELOPE: FUNDER MAX CLADDING
-CAVITY BETWEEN INTERIOR BRICK WALL
AND EXTERNAL SKIN

COLOUR AND TEXTURE

EARTHY,LIGHT COLORS
MODERN URBAN MATERIALS
TINTED STRUCTURAL GLAZING
VRV AIRCONDITIONING

LANDMARK VERTICA - IGBC PRE –CERTIFIED GOLD

 CONTEXT :

HOT AND HUMID

LOCATION:CHENNAI
L:MAX TEMPERATURE : 45 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE : 13.8 DEGREES
HIGH HUMIDITY

TECHNIQUES:
ENVELOPE: GRC-CAVITY BETWEEL
AND EXTERNAL SKIN

VRV AIRCONDITIONING

LUXURY SKYSCRAPER- UNDER DESIGN FOR PLATINUM RATING

ORGANIZED SECTOR
INSTITUTIONS
 CONTEXT :

HOT AND DRY

LOCATION:AURANGABAD
L:MAX TEMPERATURE : 4.25 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE : 13.8 DEGREES

TECHNIQUES:
ENVELOPE:SHELL ROOFS PROTECTED BY
BROKEN VERANDAHS TO PROTECT
WINDOWS

COLOUR AND TEXTUREY,LIGHT COLORS

MODERN URBAN MATERIALS
TINTED STRUCTURAL GLAZING
VRV AIRCONDITIONING

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL-

SEMI - ORGANIZED SECTOR

PRIVATE HOMES
 CONTEXT
MODERATELY HOT CLIMATE
LOCATION : HUBLI-DHARWAD
TYPE OF PROJECT : RESIDENTIAL
VIEW2 MAX TEMPERATURE: 36 DEGREES [APRIL]
MIN TEMPERATURE:15 DEGREES.

TECHNIQUES:
SIMPLE TECHNIQUES SUFFICIENT AND INCLUDE
APPROPRIATE ORIENTATION WITH CHANNELIZED VENTILATION
WITH PROTECTION OF SURFACES INVOLVING.

1-ORIENTATION
-NORTH/SOUTH AXIS
-PORCH ON THE SOUTH-SOUTH EAST SIDE
-WESTERN SIDE WELL SHADED
-SUNLIGHT DESIRABLE ( EXCEPT SUMMER )

KALBURGI HOUSE

SKYLIGHT PIC

2-ENVELOPE
-DECREASING EXPOSED SURFACE AREA
-INCREASING THERMAL RESISTANCE WITH
THICKER WALLS THROUGH CLADDING
- SOUTHERN ROOF OVERHANGS
-ROOF PROTECTION THROUGH CAVITY
CREATED BY COUNTRY POT-TILES
-CHAJJAS PROVIDED
-GLAZING WITH LOW EMISSIBILITY
-COLOUR / TEXTURE : LIGHT PALE
DAYLIGHT AND AIRFLOW
THROUGH ORIENTATION ,STRATEGIC
OPENINGS THROUGH ROOF AND WALLS
HUMIDIFICATION THROUGH EXTERNAL BERMS / INTERNAL LANDSCAPE
SEMI - ORGANIZED SECTOR
CULTURAL CENTERS

CONTEXT: HOT AND DRY CLIMATE

LOCATION:GADAG
TYPE OF PROJECT : CULTURAL / SPIRITUAL
:MAX TEMPERATURE : 39.6 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE : 16.4 DEGREES [DECEMBER]
HIGH RADIATION LEVELS,

TECHNIQUES:

1-ORIENTATION
-EAST/WEST ORIENTATION
-PROTECTION WITH THICK COMPOSITE WALLS

2-ENVELOPE
ROOF FILLER SLABS FURTHER PROTECTED
BY BROKEN CHINA
BARREL VAULTS WITH VENTS PROTECTED
BY BROKEN CHINA.
WALLS. COMPOSITE OF LOCAL STONE
WITH BRICK ON EXTERNAL FACE
RAT TRAP BOND WALLS IN THE
INTERNAL PARTITIONS

RAMKRISHNA ASHRAM
 HUMUDIFICATION THROUGH INTERNAL
LANDSCAPE AND COURTS

COLOUR AND TEXTURE:EARTHY COLORS,

NATURAL MATERIALS,
LOCAL CHINCHLI STONE, NAGAVI STONE
WITH TERRACOTTA

-BROKEN CHINA MOSIAC ON BARREL VAULTED CEILINGS

-JALI BRICK WORK FACING OPEN PASSAGE WAYS WITH
-PERGOLAS CREATING A PLAY OF LIGHT AND SHADOW
-TERRACOTTA FILLER SLABS PROTECTED BY BRICK BAT COBA

SEMI - ORGANIZED SECTOR

RURAL TREATMENT CENTER
CONTEXT
HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
LOCATION:GADAG
TYPE OF PROJECT : INSTITUTIONAL
MAX TEMPERATURE : 39.6 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE : 16.4 DEGREES [DECEMBER]
HIGH RADIATION LEVELS,

TECHNIQUES:
1-ORIENTATION
-EAST/WEST ORIENTATION
-PROTECTION WITH THICK COMPOSITE WALLS

2-ENVELOPE
-ROOF FILLER SLABS FURTHER PROTECTED
BY BROKEN CHINA
TEMPERATURE : 10 DEGREES
BARREL VAULTS WITH VENTS PROTECTED
BY BROKEN CHINA.
WALLS. COMPOSITE OF RE-USED LOCAL STONE
COMPOSITION WITH BRICK ON EXTERNAL FACE
RAT TRAP BOND WALLS IN THE INTERNAL PARTITIONS
INSTITUTE OF NATUROPATHY
AND YOGIC SCIENCES

3-DAY LIGHT AND AIRFLOW:

DEEP SET SMALLER WINDOWS PROTECTED
WITH TINTED GLASS
TO CHANNELIZE INFLOW OF AIR WHILE
REDUCING HEAT GAIN.
OUTLET THROUGH SKYLIGHTS,
COURTYARDS AND BELOW ROOF OUTLETS.
WINDOWS AT SLIGHTLY ELEVATED LEVELS
TO PREVENT SOLAR GAIN

4-HUMUDIFICATION THROUGH INTERNAL

LANDSCAPE AND COURTS

5-COLOUR AND TEXTURE:EARTHY COLORS,

NATURAL MATERIALS,
LOCAL CHINCHLI STONE, NAGAVI STONE
WITH TERRACOTTA
 UNORGANIZED SECTOR
RURAL EWS HOUSING

TECHNIQUES

FLY ASH BLOCKS

-FILLER SLABS
-JLEECH PITS
-SMOKLESS CHULHAS
-PROPER SANITATION

CONTEXT
HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
LOCATION:GADAG
TYPE OF PROJECT : INSTITUTIONAL
MAX TEMPERATURE : 39.6 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE : 16.4 DEGREES [DECEMBER]
HIGH RADIATION LEVELS,
 THE MIDDLE PATH
“ACTIVELY PASSIVE”

IGP OFFICE

COMPREHENSIVE ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION

REDUCE REUSE RECYCLE

•Materials
•Carbon Footprint
•Energy Consumption
•Waste

•SOLAR PASSIVE ARCHITECTURE AS ONE OF THE TOOLS

DESIGN PASSIVE AND REDUCE [W.R.T ENERGY CONSUMPTION]

WE ALL KNOW ABOUT SOLAR PASSIVE ARCHITECTUTRE, BUT WE
WOULD LIKE TO TAKE THE DEFINITION FURTHER AND ADD TO IT “AS A PROCESS
OF DESIGN THAT EVOLVES FROM NATURE WHICH USES,CONFORMS AND ENHANCES
THE PREVAILING ENVIRONMENT WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS TOWARDS BEING FRUGAL.”

.
 STANDARDIZE PASSIVE PRACTICES TO BRING DOWN THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION

MATERIAL DATA,
DENSITY,
SPECIFICATION, CONDUCTIVITY
ETC

CLIMATIC DATA: DESIGN DATA:

RADIATION,TEMPERATURE,WIN HEAT BALANCE IN BUILDING
ORIENTATION,WINDOWS,
D SPEED ETC WALLS AND ROOF TYPES ETC

BUILDING USAGE DATA

INTERNAL GAINS, AIR EXCHANGE, ETC

SOLAR PASSIVE ARCHITECTURE: NON MECHANICAL MEANS TO ACHIEVE COMFORT

CONDITIONS USING NATURAL ELEMENTS INVOLVING THE SUN, WATER AND WIND. IT IS
EXTREMELY BROAD BASED AND CAN RANGE BASED ON ZONE AND BUDGET BETWEEN :

•SIMPLE CONDITIONED USING EARTHY AND RECYCLED MATERIALS

DESIGNING CLIMATE SENSITIVE FENESTRATIONS
PREVENTING SOLAR GAINS THROUGH ROOF / WALLS
SIMPLE HUMIDIFICATION TECHNIQUES LIKE BERMS
AND WATER BODIES

• COMPLEX SEMI CONDITIONED SPACES EARTH TUNNELS

WIND TOWERS

•FULLY CONDITIONED- APPYING THE ABOVE AND MARGINAL SUPPIEMENTATION

THROUGH AIR CONDITIONING.
 CONTXT : HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
LOCATION:GULBARGA
TYPE OF PROJECT : PUBLIC BUILDING
MAX TEMPERATURE :40 DEGREES
MIN TEMPERATURE :19 DEGREES
HIGH RADIATION LEVELS,

1-ORIENTATION
-NORTH/SOUTH DIRECTION

2-ENVELOPE
-COMPOSITE EXTERNAL WALLS COUPLED WITH
RAT TRAP BOND BRICK WALLS ON THE INNER SIDE
-ROOF IS MADE OF RCC SLAB
-EVAPOURATIVE COOLING BY PASSIVE DOWNDRAFT EVAPORATIVE
COOLING TOWER SYSTEM [PDEC]

I.G.P COMPLEX : USGBC GOLD RATING

 THE BUILDING IS A GROUND PLUS TWO STOREYED
STRUCTURE TO HOUSE THE OFFICES OF THE INSPECTOR
GENERAL OF POLICE, GULBARGA.
THE BUILDING IS ROUGHLY RECTANGULAR WITH THE AXIS
ALONG THE NORTH-SOUTH DIRECTION. MOST WINDOWS
FACE EAST OR WEST.AS THE BUILDING IS LOCATED IN IN A
HOT AND DRY CLIMATE, EVAPORATIVE COOLING HAS BEEN
USED FOR PROVIDING COMFORT

PASSIVE DOWNDRAFT EVAPOURATIVE COOLING SYSTEM [PDEC]

THE PDEC SYSTEM’S DESIGN IS BASED ON THE “SHOWER TOWER” CONCEPT
DEVELOPED BY GIVONI.PRELIMINARY MEASUREMENTS TAKEN IN
MAY AND SEPTEMBER 2005 SHOED THAT THE TEMPERATURE OF THE AIR
EXITING FROM THE TOWER IS LOWER BY ABOUT 10 DEGREES AND
4 DEGREES RESPECTIVELY, COMPARED TO THAT OF AMBIENT AIR.
THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TOWERS ARE SATISFACTOR DURING THE
MONTHS OF SUMMER.THE DROP IN TEMPERAURE IS ABOUT 12 – 13 DEGREES
IN MARCH , APRIL AND MAY.CONSIDERING THAT THE PDEC SYSTEM IS USED IN
THESE MONTHS, THE PREDICTIONS OF THE ENERGY SAVINGS OF THE BUILDING
PER ANNUM AS COMPARED TO AN AIR CONDITIONED BUILDING MAINTAINED
AT 27.5 DEGREES.
ENERGY CONSCIOUS FEATURES
• TINTED GLASSES TO REDUCE GLARE
•ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS SUCH AS COMPOSITE WALLS
TO REDUCE HEAT GAIN
•FILLER SLABS TO REDUCE THE QUANTITY OF CONCRETE IN THE STRUCTURE
•A CENTRAL ATRIUM TO ENHANCE CROSS VENTILATION AND DAYLIGHT
•SOLAR PV LIGHTING AND PUMPS, RAINFALL HARVESTING AND WATER
CONSERVATION FACILITIES INCORPORATED

THANK YOU……..

THANK YOU