DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WEATHER & CLIMATE

Weather IS THE MOMENTARY STATE OF THE ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT AT

CERTAIN LOCATION. IT OFTEN VARIES DAY TO DAY.

Climate IS AVERAGE OR TYPICAL WEATHER OF A PLACE WORKED OUT OVER A LONG

PERIOD OF TIME. IT CAN CHANGE AFTER 20 OR 30 YEARS.
 Climate

Climate IS THE AVERAGE WEATHER IN A PLACE OVER MANY YEARS. WHILE THE
WEATHER CAN CHANGE IN JUST A FEW HOURS, CLIMATE TAKES HUNDREDS, THOUSANDS,
EVEN MILLIONS OF YEARS TO CHANGE.

CLIMATE
COLD/SUB-POLAR MODERATE/TEMPERATE TROPICAL

HOT-DRY WARM-HUMID
 HOT DRY CLIMATE

HOT DRY CLIMATE PREVAILS AROUND 15 DEGREE FROM EQUATOR IN THE NORTHERN
HEMISPHERE AND 30 DEGREE FROM EQUATOR IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. THE
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE OF THIS CLIMATE IS ABOVE 32-36 CELSIUS.
 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HOT DRY CLIMATE
 HOT DRY WEATHER IN SUMMER AND COLD IN WINTER.
CLEAR SKY MOST OF THE YEAR.
 VERY LITTLE RAINFALL.
 VERY LOW HUMIDITY.
HIGH SOLAR RADIATION.
 SANDY OR ROCKY GROUND
WITH VERY LOW VEGETATION COVER.

HIGH TEMP. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NIGHT & DAY.

HIGH SUMMER DAYTIME TEMP. (32-36 C).
IN HOTTER REGIONS ABOVE 40 & UP TO 50 C.
HOT WINDS & FREQUENT DUST STORMS.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HOT DRY CLIMATE
TEMPERATURE
 IN HOT-ARID CLIMATE TEMPERATURE IS USUALLY VERY HOT.

 IT CAN VERY EASILY GO UP TO 50 C EVEN MORE IN SUMMERS.

 DIFFERENECE BETWEEN DAY & NIGHT TEMP. USUALLY 15 -20 C.

HUMIDITY
 DUE TO VERY HOT & HARSH SUNRAYS.
 HUMIDITY IS VERY LOW.
 IT GENERALLY VARIES BETWEEN 10 % - 15 %.

PRECIPITATION
 AS THE AIR IS TOTALLY HOT & DRY IN THIS CLIMATE.
 PRECIPITATION IS VERY LOW.
 IT MAY VARIES BETWEEN 50 – 150 mm PER YEAR.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HOT DRY CLIMATE

SKY CONDITION
 SKY IS USUALLY BLUE & CLEAR IN THIS CLIMATE.
 SOMETIMES DUST STORMS COVERS COMPLETE SKY.
 THESE DUSTY SKY CREATES UNBEARABLE GLARE.

WIND
 HIGH SPEED DUSTY WIND IS VERY COMMON IN THIS CLIMATE.
 WIND OFTEN CHANGE DIRECTIONS LOCALLY.
 WIND SPEED MAY VARIES BETWEEN 20-30 Km PER HOUR.

SOLAR RADIATION
 SOLAR RADIATION IS DIRECT & VERY STRONG DURING DAY.
 THESE OFTEN ESCAPES INTO OPEN SKY DURING NIGHTS.
 RADIATION REACHING THE GROUND IS OFTEN DIFFUSED BUT STRONG.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HOT DRY CLIMATE

SOIL & VEGETATION

 SOIL IS VERY LOOSE & SANDY.
 LOW HUMIDITY & LESS RAINFALL RESULTS IN POOR VEGETATION.
 THESE DUSTY SKY CREATES UNBEARABLE GLARE.
 VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF HOT DRY CLIMATE

 EXTERNAL LOOK IS ALMOST DEAD TO AVOID THE SUN.

 SURFACE AREA EXPOSED TO SUN IS MINIMUM.

UNITS ARE EMBEDDED DEEP INTO GROUND.

EXTERIOR IS LIGHT IN COLOUR TO AVOID

ABSORPTION OF SUN.

BEEHIVE HOMES, SYRIAN DESERT, SYRIA

MATMATA HOUSE, AFRICA

OIA VILLAGE, SANTORINI, GREECE
FEATURES OF HOT DRY CLIMATE’S ARCHITECTURE

THICKER MUD WALLS ACT AS GOOD INSULATING MATERIAL.

STREETS ARE NARROW.
UNITS ARE VERY CLOSELY PLACED.
 SMALLER SIZE OF WINDOWS LIMITS GLARE
OF SOLAR RADIATION.

RAJSTHAN, INDIA

GHADAMES, LIBYA’S PEARL OF THE DESERT MUD WALL INSULATION

BUILDING DESIGN PRINCIPLES
 ORIENTATION & PLACEMENT, TO MINIMIZE SUN EXPOSURE IN SUMMER.

 FORM, COMPACT TO REDUCE SURFACE AREAS OF HEAT GAIN.

 SHADE, FOR MAXIMUM SUN PROTECTION IN SUMMER.

 ALLOW ADEQUET HEAT GAIN IN WINTER BY MOVABLE SHADING DEVICES.

 VENTILATION, FOR REGULATION OF AIR MOVEMENT.

MATERIALS FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE

CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCK

 HOLLOW IN NATURE.
 LESS IN WEIGHT.
 CONDUCTIVITY OF HEAT IS LOW.
 FINE AGGREGATE IS MORE ( AS HIGH AS 60% ).
MATERIALS FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE

THERMAL BLOCK

 HIGH THERMAL INSULATION.

 EXCELLENT FIRE RESISTANT.
 SOUND INSULATION & ABSORPTION.
RESISTANCE TO AIR & WATER PENETRATION.
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
DOUBLE ROOF
 PROTECTS FROM SUNLIGHT & HEAT.

RIMROCK RANCH HOUSE ,PIONEERTOWN, CA

“UMBRELLA HOUSE “,SARASOTA, FLORIDA

CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
PERGOLA
 PROTECTS FRONT FACDE OF BUILDINGS.

UMBRELLA HOUSE, SARASOTA

CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
LOUVER
 PROTECTS FROM STRONG SUNLIGHT.

GLAZING LOUVERS

ALUMINIUM LOUVERS

CANVAS LOUVERS

HORIZONTAL LOUVERS
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
DOUBLE SKIN FACADE
 PROTECTS FROM HEAT EXTRACTION.

NAMHAE HOUSE

GLASS TOWNHOUSE
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
PENUMBRA
 PROTECTS FROM DIRECT SUNLIGHT DURING ALL DAY.
 MECHANICAL SHADING DEVICE.
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
MASHRABIYA
 PROTECTS FROM STRONG SUNLIGHT DURING DAY (WHEN NEEDED).
 MECHANICAL SHADING DEVICE.

MASHRBIYA IN “AL BAHR”

CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
SPLASH
 ELIMINATES OVER 30% OF THE SUN’S HEAT
BEFORE IT REACHES THE BUILDING.

CAPITAL GATE TOWER, ABU DHABI, UAE

CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
DEEP ENTRACE
 REDUCE DIRECT SUNLIGHT .

PURCELL HOUSE

TRADITIONAL HOUSE
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE
BROAD EAVES
 REDUCE DIRECT SUN’S HEAT.
 PAREKH HOUSE
- CHARLES CORREA
 TWO PYRAMIDAL SECTIONS FROM HOUSING TYPES DEVLOPED FOR CABLENAGAR, AHMEDABAD.
 SUMMER SECTION – TO BE USED DURING DAYTIME; PROTECTS INTERIOR FROM HEAT.
 WINTER SECTION – TO BE USED IN EARLY MORNINGS AND EVENINGS; OPENS UP THE TERRACES TO
THE SKY.
 SINCE THE SITE FACES EAST-WEST, HOUSE CONSISTS OF 3 BAYS.
 SUMMER SECTION SANDWITCHED
BETWEEN WINTER SECTION & SERVICE
BAY.(FOR CIRCULATION, KITCHEN &
TOILETS.
BEARING WALLS MADE BRICK.
SUBMITTED BY

HASAN TAREQ ANIK

MEHZABEEN SHAHIDY
KHAN Md. NAWAZ SHARIEF
KAMRUN NAHAR MAHJABIN
SHIMU AKHTER