MODERATE CLIMATE

CLIMATE
MODERATE
CLIMATE

SUBMITTED BY -
SHRISTY GAUTAM
RAVI TEJA

INTRODUCTION

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MODERATE CLIMATE

Moderate climate has weather patterns that remain within reasonable limits. A
place with a moderate climate is neither too hot nor too cold. Moderate climate
is also characterized by moderate wind and moderate rains. There are two types
of moderate climate, continental and maritime.
FEATURES
 The moderate climate has mild to warm summers and cool winters.
 The need for winter home heating is greater than the need for summer
cooling.
 It is a relatively comfortable climate, especially near the coast, where
summers are cooler and winters warmer than further inland.
 In the mountains of the Great Dividing Range, winters are cold and
summers are pleasantly mild.
 Few opening on external side other than door.
 The solar radiation in this region is more or less the same throughout the
year. Being located at relatively higher elevations, these places
experience of low temperatures than hot and dry regions. The
temperatures are neither too hot nor too cold. In summers, the temperature
reaches 30-34 degree C during the day and 17 - 24 degree C at night. In
winter, the maximum temperature is between 27 -to 33 degree C during
the day and 16 to 18 degree C at night.
 Winters are dry in this regions.

REGION

 Moderate climates are characterized by two sub-types: continental

moderate zones and oceanic moderate zones. Moderate climates are
found around the world within the larger temperate zone, which extends
from the polar regions to the edge of the sub-tropical regions in both
hemispheres of the planet.

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MODERATE CLIMATE

Pune and Bangalore are

examples of cities that
fall under this climatic
zone. Areas having a
moderate climate are
generally located on
hilly or high – plateau
regions with vegetation.

BANGALORE
Latitude : 12˚58’N
Longitude : 77˚35’C
Altitude : 921m above mean sea
Level
Temperature range : 15.1˚C to 35˚C
Relative humidity : 65.2% {average
Annual relative
humidity}

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MODERATE CLIMATE

PUNE

Latitude : 18˚31’N
Longitude : 73˚55’E
Altitude : 560 m above sea level
Temperature range: 19˚ to 33˚C
Relative humidity : 59.3% { average annual relative
humidity}

CLIMATIC ELEMENTS
 Temperature : Temperate climates of the Earth are characterized by relatively
moderate mean annual temperatures, with average monthly temperatures
above 10°C in their warmest months and above −3°C in their colder months.
 Rainfall : Characterised by moderate to high year-round temperatures, even in
the foothills, its rainfall is seasonal but heavy—typically above 2,000 mm (79 in)
per year. Most rainfall occurs between May and November; this moisture is
enough to sustain lush forests and other vegetation for the rest of the mainly
dry year.
 Vegetation : Seasonal temperate zone areas with moderate precipitation
usually support broad -leafed [ sclerophyllous ] evergreen shrubs, or so – called
chaparral- type vegetation , occur in religious with winter rains.
 Relative humidity : 59.3 % {average annual relative humidity}
 Precipitation : Varies from 300 to 2000mm, on the average 800mm
 Radiation : 45%

EFFECTS ON HUMAN BODY

People in some temperate zones may benefit from milder winters, more abundant
rainfall, and expanding crop production zones. But people in other areas will suffer from
increased heat waves, coastal erosion, rising sea level, more erratic rainfall, and droughts.

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MODERATE CLIMATE

BUILT FORM AND PLANNING

ORIENTATION

In respect to the winds, and for natural

ventilation, the best orientation is the one
that is in effective zone of prevailing winds
(grater than 60 degrees). In relation to the
use of sun's energy to heat the building, the
best orientation in all parts of this region is
 Reduce Heat Gain by Shading Devices
south east and the worst orientation is
 Walls facing East & West protected by
west.
Overhangs.
 Winter heating is more important.
 Small openings in exterior of building.
 Proper cross ventilation

 The need for winter home heating is greater than the need for summer cooling.
 It is a relatively comfortable climate , especially near the coast, where summers
are cooler and winters warmer than further inland.
 The design criteria In the moderate zone are to reduce heat gain by providing
shading and to promote heat loss by Ventilation.
 Some of the design features for buildings in this climate are: Appropriate
orientation and shape of building.
 Roof of insulation and east and west wall insulation Walls facing east and west
glass surface protected by overhangs ,fins ,and tress Pale colors and glazed China
mosaic tiles Windows and exhausts Courtyards and arrangement of openings.

For the moderate climate a smooth and light coloured surface reflects
more heat and light; a rough textured surface causes self shading and
increases the area for re-radiation.White or lighter shades have high solar
reflectivity and therefore are ideally used for reducing heat
gain.Aditionally,a heavy texture on these light coloured surfaces help to
reduce glare.

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MODERATE CLIMATE

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MODERATE CLIMATE

BUILDING MATERIALS / TECHNIQUES:

MATERIALS:
 Floor:-Lime stone
 Walls: stone masonry with lime motor
 Roof: Stone slabs with lime concrete screed cover for flat roof

TECHNIQUES:
 Reduction of solar heat gain by orientation of the
bedroom towards north By shading of east and
west walls by neighboring building By sharing the
windows and walls with projecting stone slabs
Reduction of internal heat gain
 Earth air contact 1a. Direct earth contact 2a.
Buried pipe cooling
 Evaporative cooling- roof pond cooling
system .Radiant cooling – structural slab cooling .
Passive downdraft evaporative cooling with night
sky cooling .
 Earth air Contact Soil temper at a depth of about
12 feet or more stays fairly constant throughout the year and is
approximately equal to the average annual ambient air temperature the
ground can therefore be used as a heat sink for cooling in the summer
and as a heat source for heating in the winter.
 There are two strategies for using this principle are (a) Direct earth
contact cooling techniques, and (b) Buried pipes cooling.
 Direct earth contact- The building may be coupled with earth either by
conduction, i.e., Where the building envelope is in contact with the deep
earth by burying or beaming.
 Burried pipes cooling Concept – to pass air though an underground air
tunnel the air thus cooled or heated can be used directly for the
conditioned space or indirectly with air conditioners of heat pumps the
concept of buried pipes involves the use of metallic or PVC pipes buried
at 1 to 4m in depth12.
 Passive downdraft evaporative cooling (PDEC) with night sky cooling
• The system comprises a down draft evaporative cooling tower the fine
drops of water is sprayed vertically downwards with the help of
mirconisers. • it is possible to achieve 26 deg.c in peak summer • It is
possible to achieve of 16 deg,c in Hyderabad using this system
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MODERATE CLIMATE

REFERENCE
https://www.reference.com/science/moderate-climate-c44dd8948a7ddc5f

https://www.reference.com/science/moderate-climate-c44dd8948a7ddc5f

https://www.slideshare.net/SharmilaVegesna/moderate-climate-165898480

https://www.slideshare.net/umeshkumar564/moderate-climate-79560373

https://www.reference.com/science/moderate-climates-generally-found-12...

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