Boundary value Problem

Consider a very long co-axial cable. The

inner conductor has a radius “a ” and is
maintained at a potential 𝑉0 . The outer
conductor has an inner radius “b” and is
grounded. Determine the potential
distribution in the space between the
conductors.

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Boundary value Problem cont’d…
If V is the potential which varies only with x-axis then
Laplace equation becomes:
2 d2V
∇ V= =0
dx 2

By integrating,
𝑑𝑉
=A
𝑑𝑥

𝑉 = Ax + B
where A and B can be found using boundary conditions

For Cylindrical co-ordinate system,V(ρ) = ?

2
Boundary value Problem cont’d…
If V is the potential which varies only with x-axis then
Laplace equation becomes:
2 d2V
∇ V= =0
dx 2

By integrating,
𝑑𝑉
=A
𝑑𝑥

𝑉 = Ax + B
where A and B can be found using boundary conditions

For Cylindrical Co-ordinate system

= 0
V =?
3
Boundary value Problem cont’d…
If V is the potential which varies only with x-axis then
Laplace equation becomes:
2 d2V
∇ V= =0
dx 2

By integrating,
𝑑𝑉
=A
𝑑𝑥

𝑉 = Ax + B
where A and B can be found using boundary conditions

For Cylindrical Co-ordinate system

= 0 So, V(ρ) = A ln(ρ) + B

4
Boundary value Problem cont’d…

5
Examples

6
Examples cont’d…
For rectangular coordinate system:
dL = dxax + dyay +dzaz
dS = dydzax + dxdzay + dxdyaz
V = dxdydz

For cylindrical coordinate system:

dL = (drar + rdϴaϴ + dzaz)
dS = (rdϴdz + drdz + rdrdϴ az )
V = dr.rdϴ.dz

For Spherical coordinate system:

dL = dρaρ+ρSinФdϴaϴ + ρdФ aФ
V = dρ. ρSinФdϴ. ρdФ =
dS = ρ2 SinФdФdϴ aρ + ρ dρdФaϴ + ρSinФ
dρdϴ aФ

7
Examples cont’d…

8
Examples cont’d…

9
Examples cont’d…
For rectangular coordinate system:
dL = dxax + dyay +dzaz
dS = dydzax + dxdzay + dxdyaz
V = dxdydz

For cylindrical coordinate system:

dL = (drar + rdϴaϴ + dzaz)
dS = (rdϴdz + drdz + rdrdϴ az )
V = dr.rdϴ.dz

For Spherical coordinate system:

dL = dρaρ+ρSinФdϴaϴ + ρdФ aФ
V = dρ. ρSinФdϴ. ρdФ =
dS = ρ2 SinФdФdϴ aρ + ρ dρdФaϴ +
ρSinФ dρdϴ aФ

10
Examples cont’d…

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Examples cont’d…

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Examples cont’d…

13
Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system
• Find V(r) for spherical
co-ordinate system

= 0

14
Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…
• Find V(r) for spherical
co-ordinate system

=0

−A
V(r) = +B
r

15
 Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…
−A
In a spherical co-ordinate system, V = 0 V(r) = + B
r
for r = 0.10 m and V = 100 V for r = 2.0
m. Find V(r), E and D.

16
 Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…
In a spherical co-ordinate system, V = 0
for r = 0.10 m and V = 100 V for r = 2.0
m. Find V(r), E and D.

17
 Example

3.12

Find V(r), E and D.

−3.71
V(r) = + 160.61 (v)
r
−3.71
E = -∇V = 𝐚r (V/m)
r2
−0.103
D = εr ε0 E = 2 𝐚r (nC/m2 ) 18
Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…

If V varies only with ϴ, V = ? 19

Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…

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Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…

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Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont..

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Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont..

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Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…

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Boundary value problem for Spherical
co-ordinate system cont’d…

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