ES 8 (DYNAMICS OF A RIGID BODIES) INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. A.

UBATAY

DYNAMICS
- Branch of mechanics that deals with bodies in motion.

BRANCHES OF DYNAMICS
1. KINEMATICS
- Geometry of motion
- It is the motion of a particle or body without consideration of the forces causing the motion.
2. KINETICS
- It relates the forces acting on the body to its mass and acceleration.
KIND OF MOTIONS
1. Rectilinear
2. Curvilinear
NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
1. F = 0
2. F= ma
3. Action – Reaction
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KINEMATICS
MOTION OF BODIES

1. Translation
- The motion of a rigid body in which a straight line passing through any two of its particle always
remain to be parallel to its initial position.
2. Rotation
- The motion of a rigid body in which the particles move in circular paths with their centers on a
fixed straight line called the axis of rotation.
3. Plane Motion
- The motion of a rigid body in which all particles in the body remain at a constant distance from a
fixed reference plane.
A. TRANSLATION

Elements:
S = Distance a = acceleration
V = velocity V0 = Initial Velocity
g = acceleration due to gravity ( 9.81m/s² = 32.2 ft /s² ) t = Time

1. TRANSLATION - RECTILINEAR MOTION c. Constant Acceleration

a. Uniform Motion
S = Vt V = V0 + a t
S = V0 t + ½ a t²
b. Variable Acceleration V² = V0² + 2 a S

V= d(S)/d(t) d. Free- Falling Body ( V0 = 0 , S=h)

a= d(V)/ d(t) V= g t
V d(V) = a d(S) H = ½ g t²
V² = 2 a h
ES 8 (DYNAMICS OF A RIGID BODIES) INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. A. UBATAY

SAMPLE PROBLEMS:

1. Determine the time required for a space ship of the future to accelerate from rest to half the speed of
light at the rate of 6g m/s² . Light travels 300,000 km/sec.

2. The equation of motion of a particle is s= 8t² + 3t -10. Compute the initial velocity and also the velocity
when the displacement is zero.

3. An automobile has a speed of 90km / hr when the breaks are applied. The car is slowed down at the rate
of 4m / sec² . What time is required to stop the car, and how far will it travel before stopping?

4. The car moves in a straight line such that for a short time its velocity is defined by v = (3t² + 2t) ft/s,
where t is in seconds. Determine its position and acceleration when t = 3 s. When t = 0, s = 0.

5. A small projectile is fired vertically downward into a fluid medium with an initial velocity of 60 m/s. Due
to the drag resistance of the fluid the projectile experiences a deceleration of a = (-0.4v³) m/s², where v
is in m/s. Determine the projectile’s velocity and position 4s after it is fired.

6. During a test a rocket travels upward at 75 m/s, and when it is 40 m from the ground its engine fails.
Determine the maximum height sB reached by the rocket and its speed just before it hits the ground.
While in motion the rocket is subjected to a constant downward acceleration of 9.81 m/s² due to gravity.
Neglect the effect of air resistance.