COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND

ARCHITECTURE
CSE 203

LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE
COURSE INFORMATION
COURSE INFORMATION
 COURSE OBJECTIVES

• To provide a thorough understanding computer architectural designs.

• To expose flow of data and instruction streams in CPU, Memory and I/O
devices.
• To introduce to latest system designs with pros and cons.
• To emphasis on different memory devices with analysis of cost, size and
speed
ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE
WEIGHTS OF ASSESSMENT
REFERENCES

Course Notes Will be made available on Moodle

1. Computer Architecture, Fifth Edition: A Quantitative
Approach

Recommended David A. Patterson

Reference Books 2. Computer Architecture and Organization, William
Stallings, 8th Edition
3. Computer System Architecture by M. Morris Mano
Periodicals NA
Online Resources Will be provided during lecture
CONTENTS
FROM THE
REFERRED
BOOK
CONTENTS

Chap. 1: Digital Logic Circuits

• Logic Gates, • Boolean Algebra
• Map Simplification, • Combinational Circuits
• Filp-Flops, • Sequential Circuits
CONTENTS
Chap. 4: Register Transfer and Microoperations
• Register Transfer Language, • Register Transfer
• Bus and Memory Transfers
• Arithmetic Microoperations
• Logic Microoperations, • Shift Microoperations
• Arithmetic Logic Shift Unit

Chap. 5: Basic Computer Organization and Design

• Instruction Codes, • Computer Registers
• Computer Instructions, • Timing and Control
• Instruction Cycle,
• Memory Reference Instructions
• Input-Output and Interrupt
• Complete Computer Description
• Design of Basic Computer
• Design of Accumulator Logic
CONTENTS
Chap. 6: Programming the Basic Computer
• Machine Language, • Assembly Language
• Assembler, • Program Loops
• Programming Arithmetic and Logic Operations
• Subroutines, • Input-Output Programming

Chap. 7: Microprogrammed Control

• Control Memory, • Sequencing Microinstructions
• Microprogram Example, • Design of Control Unit
• Microinstruction Format

Chap. 8: Central Processing Unit

• General Register Organization
• Stack Organization, • Instruction Formats
• Addressing Modes
• Data Transfer and Manipulation
• Program Control
• Reduced Instruction Set Computer
CONTENTS
Chap. 9: Pipeline and Vector Processing
• Parallel Processing, • Pipelining
• Arithmetic Pipeline, • Instruction Pipeline
• RISC Pipeline, • Vector Processing

Chap. 10: Computer Arithmetic

• Arithmetic with Signed-2's Complement Numbers
• Multiplication and Division Algorithms
• Floating-Point Arithmetic Operations
• Decimal Arithmetic Unit
• Decimal Arithmetic Operations
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

• Computer architecture is a set of rules and methods

that describe the functionality, organization, and
implementation of computer systems.

• Some definitions of architecture define it as describing

the capabilities and programming model of a computer
but not a particular implementation.

• In other definitions computer architecture

involves instruction set,
architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic
design, and implementation.
COMPUTER ORGANIZATIONS

• Computer organization helps optimize performance-

based products.
• Software engineers need to know the processing power
of processors.
• To optimize software in order to gain the most
performance for the lowest price.
• For example, in a SD card, the designers might need to
arrange the card so that the most data can be processed
in the fastest possible way.
IMPLEMENTATION

• Design process is called the implementation.

Implementation is usually not considered architectural
design, but rather hardware design engineering.
Implementation can be further broken down into several
steps:
• Logic Implementation: designs the circuits required
at a logic gate level
• Circuit Implementation: does transistor-level designs
of basic elements (gates, multiplexers, latches etc.)
as well as of some larger blocks (ALUs, caches etc.)
IMPLEMENTATION

• Physical Implementation: draws physical circuits.

• Design Validation: tests the computer as a whole to see
if it works in all situations and all timings.
 THANK YOU
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