Problems = 300kHz

d.
1. Determine the wavelength for f = c/λ
electromagnetic waves in free space = (300x106 m/s)/ 100m
with the following frequencies: 1 kHz,
= 3MHz
100kHz, 1MHz and 1GHz.
3. Determine the characteristic impedance
Solution:
for an air-dielectric transmission line
a. with D/r ratio of 8.8.
λ = c/f
= (300x106 m/s)/ 1 kHz
Solution:
= 300,000 m
b. Zo = 276 log D/r
λ = c/f = 276 log 8.8
= (300x106 m/s)/ 100 kHz
= 260.68 Ω
= 3,000 m
c. 4. Determine the characteristic impedance
λ = c/f
for an air-filled concentric transmission
= (300x106 m/s)/ 1 MHz line with D/d ratio of 4.
= 300 m
d. Solution:
λ = c/f
= (300x106 m/s)/ 1 GHz Zo = 138/ (√Er) log D/d
= 0.3 m
= 138/ √2.23 log 4
= 55.64 Ω
2. Determine the frequencies for
electromagnetic waves in free space
5. Determine the characteristic impedance
with the following wavelengths: 1cm, for coaxial cable with inductance L =
1m, 100m and 1000m. 0.2µH/ft and conductance 16 pF/ft.
Solution:
Solution:
a.
f = c/λ Zo = √L/C
= (300x106 m/s)/ 0.01m = √ (0.2µH/ft)/ (16 pF/ft)
= 3GHz = 111.80Ω
b.
f = c/λ 6. For a given length of coaxial cable with
= (300x106 m/s)/ 1m distributed capacitance C = 48.3 pH/ft
= 300MHz and distributed inductance L = 241.56
c. nH/m, determine the velocity factor
f = c/λ and velocity of propagation.
= (300x106 m/s)/ 100m
 Solution:
10. Determine the SWR for a 50-Ω
Vp =1/√LC transmission line that is terminated in a
= 1/√ (48.3 pH/ft) (241.56 nH/m) load resistance ZL = 75Ω.
= 292.76x106 m/s
Solution:
Vf = Vp/c
= (292.76x106 m/s)/ (300X106m/s) SWR = Zo/ZL or ZL/Zo
= 0.98 = 75 Ω/50 Ω
= 1.5
7. Determine the reflection coefficient for
transmission line with incident voltage 11. Determine the SWR for a 75 Ω
Ei =0.2V and reflected voltage Er = transmission line that is terminated in a
0.01V. load resistance ZL = 50 Ω.

Solution: Solution:

Ґ = Er / Ei or Ir / Ii SWR = Zo/ZL or ZL/Zo

= 0.01V/0.2V = 75 Ω/50 Ω
= 0.05V = 1.5

8. Determine the standing wave ratio for 12. Determine the characteristic impedance
the transmission line in #7. for a quarter-wavelength transformer
that is used to match a section of 75Ω
Solution: transmission line to a 100Ω resistive
load.
SWR = Vmax/Vmin
= (Ei + Er) / (Ei - Er) Solution:
= (0.2V + 0.01V)/ (0.2V – 0.01V)
= (0.21V / 0.19V) Z’o = √ZoZL
= 1.105 = √ (75Ω) (100Ω)
=86.68Ω
9. Determine the SWR for a transmission
line with maximum voltage standing 13. Using TDR, a pulse is transmitted down
wave amplitude Vmax = 6V and a cable with a velocity of propagation of
minimum voltage standing wave 0.7c. The reflected signal is received
amplitude Vmin =0.5V. 1.2µS later. How far down the cable is
the impairment?
Solution: Solution:
SWR = Vmax/Vmin
= 6V/ 0.5V d = (v x t)/2
= 12 = (0.7 x 300x106m/s x 1.2µS)/2
 λ = c/f
14. Using TDR, a transmission line is located = (300x106 m/s)/ 50 kHz
2500m from the source. For a velocity = 6,000 m
propagation of 0.95c. Determine the c.
time from the beginning of the pulse to λ = c/f
the reception of the echo. = (300x106 m/s)/ 500 kHz
= 600 m
Solution: d.
λ = c/f
t = 2d/v = (300x106 m/s)/ 5 MHz
= 2d/ kc = 60 m
= 2(2500)/ (0.95 x 300x106m/s)
= 17.54µS 17. Determine the frequencies for
electromagnetic waves in free space
15. Using TDR, transmission line with the following wavelengths: 5cm,
impairment is located 100m from the 50cm, 5m and 50m.
source. If the elapsed time from the
beginning of the pulse to the reception Solution:
of the echo is 833nS. Determine the
velocity factor. a.
f = c/λ
Solution: = (300x106 m/s)/ 5cm
= 6GHz
b.
d = (v x t)/2
v = kxc f = c/λ
k =2d/ct = (300x106 m/s)/ 50cm
= 600MHz
= 2(100) / (300x106m/s x 833nS)
= 200/249.9 c.
= 0.8 f = c/λ
= (300x106 m/s)/ 5m
16. Determine the wavelength for = 60MHz
electromagnetic waves in free space d.
f = c/λ
with the following frequencies: 5kHz,
= (300x106 m/s)/ 50m
50kHz, and 500kHz and 5Mhz.
= 6MHz
Solution:
18. Determine the characteristic impedance
a. for an air-dielectric transmission line
λ = c/f with D/r ratio of 6.8.
= (300x106 m/s)/ 5 kHz
= 60,000 m Solution:
b.
 Zo = 276 log D/r Ei =0.4V and reflected voltage Er =
= 276 log 6.8 0.002V.
= 229.78 Ω
Solution:
19. Determine the characteristic impedance
for an air-filled concentric transmission Ґ = Er / Ei or Ir / Ii
line with D/d ratio of 6. = 0.002V/0.4V
= 0.005V
Solution:
23. Determine the standing wave ratio for
Zo = 138/ (√Er) log D/d the transmission line in #22.
= 138/ √2.23 log 6
= 71.9 Ω Solution:

20. Determine the characteristic impedance SWR = Vmax/Vmin

for coaxial cable with inductance L = = (Ei + Er) / (Ei - Er)
0.15 µH/ft and conductance 20 pF/ft. = (0.4V + 0.002V)/ (0.4V – 0.002V)
= (0.402V / 0.398V)
Solution: = 1.01

Zo = √L/C 24. Determine the SWR for a transmission

= √ (0.15 µH/ft)/ (20 pF/ft) line with maximum voltage standing
= 86.60Ω wave amplitude Vmax = 8V and
minimum voltage standing wave
21. For a given length of coaxial cable with amplitude Vmin =0.8V.
distributed capacitance C = 24.15pH/ft
and distributed inductance L = 483.12 Solution:
nH/m, determine the velocity factor
and velocity of propagation. SWR = Vmax/Vmin
= 8V/ 0.8V
Solution: = 10

Vp =1/√LC 25. Determine the SWR for a 50-Ω

= 1/√ (24.15 pH/ft) (483.12 nH/m) transmission line that is terminated in a
= 292.76x106 m/s load resistance ZL = 60Ω.

Vf = Vp/c Solution:
= (292.76x106 m/s)/ (300X106m/s)
= 0.98 SWR = Zo/ZL or ZL/Zo
= 60 Ω/50 Ω
22. Determine the reflection coefficient for = 1.2
transmission line with incident voltage
26. Determine the SWR for a 60-Ω
transmission line that is terminated in a
load resistance ZL = 50Ω.

Solution:

SWR = Zo/ZL or ZL/Zo

= 60 Ω/50 Ω
= 1.2

27. Determine the characteristic impedance

for a quarter-wavelength transformer
that is used to match a section of 50Ω
transmission line to a 60Ω resistive
load.

Solution:

Z’o = √ZoZL
= √ (50Ω) (60Ω)
=54.77Ω