Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Schools Division of Laoag City
Laoag City

WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM

OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION
(MODULE)

SCIEN 7
CE

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF LAOAG CITY
Laoag City

MODULE IN SCIENCE 7

QUARTER I

WEEK 1
DAY 1-4

Scientific Ways of Acquiring

Knowledge and Solving Problems
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Aubrey James D. Juan, Glory S. Lucero, Marisol A. Romosod &
Leo Mark Y. Ulep
Editor: Gladys D. Abalos
Reviewers: Holly May Justine H. Pascual Neva A. Manding Joey Herbert P. Ayson
Librada Levy J. Domingo Elizabeth H. Domingo Liezel R. Quitoriano
Maria Angelica Aurelio Jane Dancel
Illustrators:
Lay-out Artist:
Management Team: Vilma D. Eda Domingo L. Laud
Lourdes B. Arucan Juanito S. Labao
Flenie A. Galicinao

2
WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7
Lesson SCIENTIFIC WAYS OF
ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE
1 AND SOLVING PROBLEMS

What I Need to Know

Science is a process of investigation into the natural world and the

knowledge generated through that process. This process of investigation is often referred to
as the scientific method.

This module provides you understanding of the concept on scientific method.

Most Essential Learning Competency: Describe the components of a scientific

investigation (S7MT- Ia-1).

Objectives: After going through the discussions and different tasks, you are expected
to attain the following:

1. define scientific method;

2. describe the components of a scientific method;
3. perform an activity to apply the steps in scientific method; and
4. cite the importance of scientific method in our everyday lives.

Lesson: The Different Steps in Scientific Method

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 What I Know

Direction: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What method is applied in conducting an experiment?
A. dimensional analysis method B. practical method
C. scientific method D. water displacement method

2. Which step of the scientific method comes after the formation of the hypothesis?
A. application B. conclusion C. experiment D. hypothesis
3. What acronym is used to describe the characteristics
3 of a good problem?
A. ALERT B. FLEXIBLE C. INTELLIGENT D. SMART
4. Which of the following is an observation?
A. A magnet is placed at a distance from a paper clip.
B. All metal objects will be attracted by a magnet.
C. Steel paper clips are attracted by a magnetic.
D. Things made of metals are magnetic.
For questions 5-6, refer to the given situation:
Ritchel attached a small candle to the center of a petri dish. She poured water into the
petri dish until it was full. Then, she lighted the candle. When the candle flame was steady,
she placed a jar over the set up. She repeated the procedure using jars of different sizes.
5. What is the manipulated variable in the experiment?
A. amount of water B. height of candle
C. size of jar size D. size of petri dish
6. What variable is kept constant?
A. amount of water B. height of candle
C. size of jar size D. size of petri dish
7. What is the dependent variable in an experiment that shows how the volume of gas
changes with changes in temperature?
A. kind of gas B. pressure of gas
C. temperature of gas D. volume of gas
8. What do you call the general statement that sums up the result of the experiment?
A. conclusion B. hypothesis C. problems D. variables
9. How is a hypothesis being tested?
A. by concluding B. by experimenting
C. by inferring D. by observing
10. Where should you base your conclusion or generalization?
A. direct observation B. gathered data
C. results of series of experimentation D. all of the above
11. All of the following are quantitative observations EXCEPT.
A. The sky is blue.
B. It is six centimeters thick.
C. There are ten students in the library.
D. There are twelve eggs in the basket.

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

12. All the things in an experiment that must be the same to make it fair are called
____________ variable.
A. control B. dependent
C. experimental D. independent
13. The variable that the researcher changes or manipulates is called ___________
variable.
A. control B. dependent
C. independent D. numerical
14. Which of the following statements is NOT true about scientific method?
A. People cannot structure their lives on the principle of scientific method.
B. Scientists report the experimental results but not the experimental design.

C. The scientific method is a continuous process by which people learn about his world.
D. When the result of the experiment does not fit the hypothesis, a scientist may discard
the result and stop the experiment. 4
15. What must be done to reduce bias in a scientific research?
A. The scientist must be objective.
B. The researcher should make guesses.
C. Scientific investigations must be presented to the community.
D. Perform only scientific explorations that do not use measuring devices.

What’s In

WORD SEARCH: You will search for the words related to scientific method by looping the
word.

M D N B V C O M M U N I C A T E D G G D
C S D F G H J K Q W D F G H J K J F F S
A D L E O M A R K G W A P O A S S D H D
A F R E S U L T S A Y I I E E T D F Y A
M A Y F L O I S U L E P W T E E F E P D
C O N C L U S I O N S A A T A S H R O R
A D G F J K V T E S G F R R W T H G T R
D F H R Y T E E E T A E K I L S H G H T
A G D D F T N Q U E S T I O N D E H E D
Q H A F G H T Y N M I L P D F G T R S Z
F H K L O P E R T Y H I N S F H Y S I F
W J T T T T Y F E H F S G G Q J I H S F
COMMUNICATE HYPOTHESIS CONCLUSIONS
TEST QUESTION RESULTS

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

What’s New

The Missing Wallet

You are rushing on your way to school one morning. Suddenly, you noticed that your
wallet is missing. What are you going to do to find your wallet? List down the steps that you
will undertake to solve your problem.

STEP 1: _______________________________________________________

STEP 2: ______________________________________________________
5
STEP 3:________________________________________________________

STEP 4: ______________________________________________________

What is It
What you have applied in the previous activity to find your missing wallet is
scientific method. What is a scientific method? It is the process or step
performed to solve a problem or to answer a specific question. It involves careful
observations and experiments.

Scientific method is a systematic way of solving problem. The following are the steps in
scientific method:

I. Identifying the Problem

This step tells you what you want to find out. This is the question of
something you observed. Observing is the process where you gather data using your
five senses (qualitative observation) or using measuring tools or numbers
(quantitative observation).

The question may start with, How, What, When, Who, Which, Why, or Where.
Remember, a good problem should be SMART.

S - Specific
M - Measurable
A - Attainable
R - Relevant
T - Time bound

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

II. Doing Background Research/Gathering Information about the Problem and Study
them.
The next step is to do some research about the problem. You can gather
background of the study by doing some library works or by using the internet.

III. Formulating Hypothesis

Hypothesis is a temporary or tentative explanation of the problem you have
identified. It is also known as an educated guess/scientific guess based from sound
reasoning or judgment. It is an idea what you think might happen in response to an
input. There are two types of hypothesis:
6
A. Alternative Hypothesis - positively stated hypothesis
B. Null Hypothesis - negatively stated hypothesis

IV. Testing the Hypothesis through Experimentation

We can test the hypotheses through experimentation. It is an activity to test
the validity of the selected hypothesis. It should involve only those factors whose
effects are to be studied. These factors are called variables, which should be studied
for an investigation.

What are the types of variables?

1. Independent Variable is also called manipulated or experimental variable. It is the
condition that is intentionally changed by the investigator in an experiment or the
condition which is varied or changed.
2. Constant or Control Variables are factors that are kept uniform throughout the
experiment.
3. Dependent or Responding Variable is the factor that is altered as a result of
changes in the independent variable.

V. Analyzing Data and Making Conclusion

What do you mean by analysis? It is done to find out if there are patterns,
relationships and interrelationships between and among the data collected. Graphs
and tables can be used to present these relationships. Conclusion is the statement
based on the result of the experiment.

VI. Communicating the Results

How can the result be communicated? It is done through publication of
articles in scientific journals or magazines. Findings may also be presented during
formal or informal meetings.

In your case, you communicate the results of your experiments to your

classmates and teachers when you present, deliver or submit written laboratory
reports. These reports include complete descriptions of what you did, your data and
observations as well as your conclusions.

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 What’s More
7
Activity 1. Identifying the Problem
The sample situation on the missing wallet from the previous activity requires an
identified problem to solve it scientifically. What are the possible questions about it?

Here are the listed possible questions about the missing wallet:

1. Where will you find the missing wallet?

2. What is the probable chance of leaving the wallet at home?

Sample Situation: Ketchup was spilled on Charizze’ favorite yellow blouse.

What problem can you formulate from the given situation?
Which of the two detergents will remove the ketchup stain effectively?

Direction: Study the given sample situations and answer the questions. “What problem can
you formulate from the given situations?”

1. Rotsen finds cockroaches underneath the cabinet.

2. James noticed that the palmera plants inside the classroom is not as healthy as the
Palmera plants outside.
3. Leo observes that water spurt from a can with a hole.

Activity 2. Formulating Hypothesis

Going back to the given sample situation, we came up with the following hypotheses.

1. Alternative Hypothesis: Detergent X is better than Detergent Y.

2. Alternative Hypothesis: Detergent Y is better than Detergent X.
3. Alternative Hypothesis: Both detergents can remove the chocolate stain.
4. Null Hypothesis: Both detergents cannot remove the chocolate stain.

Now, let us do some exercises. This time you will formulate two hypotheses
(alternative and null).
Write the alternative and null hypotheses in the blank provided after analyzing the
situations:

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 Situation 1: James noticed that the Palmera plants inside the classroom are not as
healthy as the Palmera plants outside.

Alternative Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________________

Null Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________________
8
Situation 2: Rotsen observed that the cockroaches are underneath the cabinet.

Alternative Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________________

Null Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________________

Situation No. 3: Leo observes that water spurt from a can with a hole.
Alternative Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________________
Null Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________________

Activity 3: Identifying Variables

In experimenting, you have to design and perform the experiment and record
observation during the experiment.

Let us identify the variables in Charizze experiment on the kind of detergent that can
remove the ketchup stain on her yellow blouse.
Independent variable: The kind of detergent
Control or constant variables: Volume of water, amount of powdered detergent,
temperature of water, time of soaking the blouse, and degree of stain.
Dependent Variable: The effect of the independent variable which is the condition of
stain if removed or not.

In this activity, you are going to identify the kinds of variables in the following testable
questions:

Does changing the temperature of a ball affect the height the ball will bounce?
Independent Variable:
_______________________________________________________
Controlled Variables:
________________________________________________________
Dependent Variable:
________________________________________________________

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

Activity 4. Designing an Experiment

Instruction: Read and analyze the situation below and do what is asked you to do.
Gina wanted to know the temperature of water where rock salt will be dissolved faster.
She prepared three identical cups and labelled them A, B, and C. Using a graduated
cylinder, she measured equal amount of water in cup A (with hot water), cup B (with
lukewarm water) and cup C (with cold water).

With the help of her parents/guardian, she added at the same time, half a teaspoon of
9
rock salt into each cup. She then stirred the salt and water mixture in each cup, five times in
a clockwise direction.

Make your experimental design by providing the needed information.

I. Problem: ______________________________________________________________
II. Hypotheses:
1._________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________
III. Variables
1. Independent/Experimental: __________________________________
2.Controlled/Constant:________________________________________
3.Dependent/Responding:_____________________________________
IV. Procedure (Steps):
1.____________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________
3.____________________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________
5.____________________________________________________________

V. Data Presentation (Use this table to present the data gathered in the experiment)

Frequency of Result
Temperature
Volume of Stirring (how (Which type
Size of Salt of Water
Cup Water many times of water
(rock salt) (hot, cold,
(100 mL) did you stir dissolves the
lukewarm)
clockwise) salt faster?)
1
2
3

VI. Conclusion (It answers the problem)

__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 What I Have Learned

Fill-out the table to generalize the concepts that you have learned from this
module.

Three things that I didn’t know before. 1.

2.
3.
Two things that surprised me about this topic 1.
2.
One thing that I want to start doing with what I 1
have learned.

What I Can Do

Instruction: Select and perform one experiment from the list below. Then fill out the different
parts of a simple scientific investigation.

1. Seed Germination

Look for one type of seed that is commonly available in your place like mongo, string
beans, pechay, etc. Prepare three wide mouth containers (mayonnaise jar, medium size
empty can of milk, etc.). Place a tissue paper at the bottom of each container, place five
seeds in every container. Label each container as Setup A, Setup B, and Setup C. Measure
one teaspoon of water and pour to Setup A. Do this on a daily basis for five days. Repeat the
procedure but this time, use two teaspoons of water and three teaspoons of water for Setups
B and C, respectively. Which among the three setups of seeds will germinate first?

2. Ripening of Fruit

Look for 3 pieces of the same locally/common available unripe fruits like banana,
mango, atis, guava, etc. Store each piece of fruit in the following places, closed container
(like rice dispenser/container), and open container (fruit tray or on top of a table). Which
among the three fruits will ripe the fastest?

Simple Experiment Write-Up

Problem/situation:

Materials:

11
WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7
 Procedures:

Hypotheses (null
and alternative):

Observation/s:

Conclusion:

Assessment

Now that you are through with the module, CONGRATULATIONS!!! You are ready for
the posttest. Answer the posttest and find out how well you have gone through the
module. Compare your score with that of the pretest. If you get higher, that means that you
POSTTEST
have learned something. GOOD LUCK!

Direction: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. All of the following are quantitative observations EXCEPT.
A. The sky is blue. B. It is six centimeters thick.
C. There are ten students in the library. D. There are twelve eggs in a basket.
2. All the things in an experiment that must be the same to make it fair are called
____________ variables.
A. control B. dependent
C. experimental D. independent
3. The variable that the researcher changes or manipulates is called _____________
variable.
A. control B. dependent
C. independent D. numerical
4. Which of the following statements is not true about scientific method?
A. People cannot structure their lives on the principle of scientific method.
B. Scientist report the experimental results but not the experimental design.
C. The scientific method is a continues process by which people learned about his
world.
D .When the result of the experiment does not fit the hypothesis, a scientist may discard
the result and stop the experiment.

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

5. What must be done to reduce bias in a scientific research?
A. The scientist must be objective.
B. The researcher should make guesses.12
C. Scientific investigations must be presented to the community.
D. Perform only scientific explorations that do not use measuring devices.
6. What method is applied in conducting an experiment?
A. dimensional analysis method B. practical method
C.scientific method D. water displacement method
7. Which step of the scientific method comes after the formation of the hypothesis?
A. application B. conclusion C. experiment D. hypothesis
8. What acronym is used to describe the characteristics of a good problem?
A. ALERT B. FLEXIBLE C. INTELLIGENT D. SMART
9. Which of the following is an observation?
A. Things made of metals are magnetic.
B. Steel paper clips are attracted by a magnetic.
C. All metal objects will be attracted by a magnet.
D. A magnet is placed at a distance from a paper clip.

For questions 10-11, refer to the given situation:

Ritchel attached a small candle to the center of a petri dish. She poured water into the
petri dish until it was full. Then, she lighted the candle. When the candle flame was steady,
she placed a jar over the set up. She repeated the procedure using jars of different sizes.

10. What is the manipulated variable in the experiment?

A. amount of water B. height of candle
C.size of jar D. size of Petri dish
11. What variable is kept constant?
A. amount of water B. height of candle
C.size of jar D. size of Petri dish
12. What is the dependent variable in an experiment that shows how the volume of gas
changes with changes in temperature?
A. kind of gas B. pressure of gas
C. temperature of gas D. volume of gas
13. What do you call the general statement that sums up the result of the experiment?
A. conclusion B. hypothesis C. problems D. variables
14. How is a hypothesis being tested?
A. by concluding B. by experimenting
C. by infering D. by observing
15. Where should you base your conclusion or generalization?
A. direct observation B. gathered data
B. results of series of experimentation D. all of the above

13Module
WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Science 7
 Answer Key

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 Pretest

WHAT’S IN -WORD SEARCH

1. C
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. B
10. A
11. A
12. A
13. C
14. A
15. A
Posttest
1. A
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. A
6. C
7. C
8. D
9. D
10. C
11. B
12. B
13. A
14. B

What I Can Do
Possible Answers
Situation 1 14

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 Simple Experiment Write-Up
Problem/situation: Which among the three setups of seeds germinate the fastest?
Materials:  Any of the following seeds: mongo, string beans & pechay
 Three (3) wide mouth containers (mayonnaise jar, medium
size empty can of milk, etc.).
 Tissue paper
 Teaspoon
 Water
 Marker/ ball pen for labelling
Procedures: 1. Prepare three wide mouth containers (mayonnaise jar,
medium size empty can of milk, etc.).
2. Place a tissue paper at the bottom of each container, place
five seeds in every container.
3. Label each container as Setup A, Setup B, and Setup C.
4. Measure one teaspoon of water and pour to Setup A. Do this
on a daily basis for five days.
5. Repeat the procedure but this time, use two teaspoons of
water and three teaspoons of water for Setups B and C,
respectively.
Hypotheses (null and Null:
alternative): 1. Seeds in Setup A do not germinate faster than seeds in
Setups B and C.
2. Seeds in Setup B do not germinate faster than seeds in
Setups A and C.
3. Seeds in Setup C do not germinate faster than seeds in
Setups A and B.
Alternative:
1. Seeds in Setup A germinate faster than seeds in Setups B
and C.
2. Seeds in Setup B germinate faster than seeds in Setups A
and C.
3. Seeds in Setup C germinate faster than seeds in Setups
A and B.
Observation/s: Seeds in Setup C germinated faster than seeds in Setups A and
B.
Conclusion: The greater the amount of water put in a container with seeds
results to faster germination.

Simple Experiment Write-Up

Problem/situation: Which among the three fruits will ripe the fastest?
Materials: - Three(3) pieces of the same locally/common available unripe
fruits like banana, mango, atis, guava
- closed container (like rice dispenser/container)
- fruit tray or on top
15 oftable
- refrigerator
Procedures: - Look for 3 pieces of the same locally/common available
unripe fruits like banana, mango, atis, guava, etc.

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

 - Store each piece of fruit in the following places, closed
container (like rice dispenser/container), and open container (fruit
tray on top of a table).
- Observe what will happen to the fruits.
Hypotheses (null and Null:
alternative): 1. Fruits (banana) stored in a closed container will not ripe
faster than fruits stored in open containers (tray).
Alternative:
1. Fruits (banana) stored in a closed container will ripe faster
than fruits stored in open containers (tray).
Observation/s: - Fruits (banana) stored in the rice dispenser ripen faster than
in the fruit tray on top of the table.
Conclusion: - Fruits stored in closed container ripen faster than in an open
container.

WHAT’S NEW
The Missing Wallet
1. I will ask the people on my way back home.
2. I will ask my parents. 16
3. I will check up my wallet in the pocket of my school bag.
4. I will check the wallet in my drawer.
WHAT’S MORE
Activity 1
1. Why do sowbugs like to stay underneath untouched stones or wood?
2. Why does the palmera plant inside the classroom not as healthy as the palmera plant outside? / What affects the
condition of the plant in the classroom ?
3. Does the height of a hole on the side of a can affects how far from the container water would spurt when the can is
full of water?
Activity 2
Situation 1
AH- The WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning
palmera plants need sunlight to stay healthy. Module Science 7
NH- The palmera plants do not need sunlight to stay healthy.
Situation 2
AH- Sowbugs like to stay in dark places.
NH- Sowbugs don’t like to stay in dark places.
REFERENCES
17
Flores, A.C. et.al (2003). Lesson Plans in Science 1(Integrated Science). Philippines:
Bureau of Secondary Education, Department of Education.

High School Science Today. (2009). Diwa Learning systems Inc.

WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7

Padua, Alicia L. (n.d). Conceptual Science and Beyond Integrated Science I. Brilliant
Creations Publishing, Inc.

Rabago, L. (2014). “Science and Technology “. Philippines: Vibal Publishing House Inc.

Science and Technology I First edition SEDP series. (1989.) Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education Culture and Sports.

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WBLS-OBEMELC-AlignedSelf-Learning Module Science 7