LUYỆN THI VÀO LỚP 10 CHUYÊN ANH

eLESSON
https://www.facebook.com/LT10CA
Ngày: 04/01/2019
I. PHRASAL VERBS

1.vouch for somebody

• to say that you know somebody, that you believe they have a good character and you are
prepared to be responsible for their action
e.g: I can vouch for her ability to work hard.
• to say something is true or not because you have evidence for it (SYN: confirm)
e.g: I was in bed with the flu. My wife can vouch for that.
2.crawl with something/somebody
• to be full of moving people, animals, insects in an unpleasant way
e.g: The place was crawling with cops!
3.cream somebody/something off
• to take away the best people or things in a group or an amount of money, usually for your
own advantage
e.g: The best pupils are creamed off into special class
4.crouch over somebody/something
• to bend over somebody/something so you are near them/it
e.g: She crouched over the injured man, checking his wound
5.be cursed with something
• to have or suffer something bad
e.g: He was cursed with poor health when he was a child
6.dabble in something
• to take part in an activity or a sport, but not too seriously
e.g: She swims twice a week and has been dabbling in weight training
7.delve into something
• to try hard to find more information about something
e.g: We should not delve into this painful matter
8.deprive somebody/something/yourself of something
• to prevent somebody/something from having something important, to take something away
from somebody
e.g: In prison they were starved and deprived of sleep

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9.dictate to somebody
• to give orders to somebody, esp. in a rude or aggressive way
e.g: You can’t dictate to people how they should live
10.detract from something
• to make something seem less good than it really is
e.g: These revelations should not detract from his achievement

EXERCISES

Choose the suitable preposition to fill in the blanks of the following sentences.

1. As one whose life has been graced by just such a spiritual view for almost 30 years, I can _____ its
impact on anxiety levels.
2. She said she was tired of journalists _____ her private life.
3. He _____ the papers on his desk in an attempt to find the girl’s name.
4. The place was _____ journalists.
5. With our packed schedules, the last thing we might think of is to add another task to the day, yet _____
hobbies may be just the activity we need to enhance our lives.
6. She seems _____ bad luck.
7. She refused to be _____ by anyone.
8. They were imprisoned and _____ their basic rights.
9. Public schools oppose these programs and even oppose their own public charter. schools because they
suspect these programs _____ the “best” parents and kids.
10. He was determined not to let anything _____ his enjoyment of the trip.

II. IDIOMS

• foot in mouth: To put your foot in your mouth means that you say or do something that
accidentally embarrasses or offends another person
e.g: 'I put my foot in my mouth when I called by brother's new wife by his ex-wife's name.'
• cost an arm and a leg: When something costs an arm and a leg it costs a lot of money. It's very
expensive.'
e.g: 'It cost me an arm and a leg to get my car fixed.'
• get off my back: We use this expression when someone is criticizing you or telling what to do all the
time.
e.g: 'Stop telling me what to do. Get off my back!'
• cold shoulder: To give someone the cold shoulder means to ignore someone.
e.g: 'I saw my ex-girlfriend at a party but she wouldn't talk to me. She gave me the cold shoulder.'

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 • cold feet: To get nervous and to have second thoughts about doing something.
e.g: 'I'm getting cold feet about my wedding. I'm so nervous.'
• a sight for sore eyes: We use this expression when we are very happy to see someone or
something.
e.g: 'Hi Frank. You're a sight for sore eyes. I haven't seen you for years.'
• a finger in every pie: To have a finger in every pie means that you are involved in many activities.
• off the top of my head: Off the top of my head means that you say something without really
thinking about it. A spontaneous reaction.
e.g: 'Off the top of my head, I'd say there were a thousand people there.'
• look down your nose: When you look down your nose at someone you think you are better or
more important than them.
e.g: 'Because he's rich he seems to think that he's better than everyone. He really looks down his
nose at people.'
• play it by ear: To play it by ears means to improvise or do something without preparation.
e.g: I don't know where we should go tonight. Let's just play it by ear.'
EXERCISE
Write one word in each gap
1. The business man seemed to have a finger in every _______
2. They charge an arm and a _______ at that restaurant.
3. Good to see you, Jane. You are a _______ for sore eyes.
4. She has cold _______ about her trip, but she will be ok.
5. Be careful what you say. Try not to put your _______ in your mouth.
6. She is always complaining about me. She will not get off my _______
7. He acts superior, looking down his _______ at everyone.

III. COLLOCATIONS

COLLOATION ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT

• Conserve energy: To protect and prevent energy from reduction.

• Environmental protection: The act of protecting the environment.
• To deplete natural resource: To reduce the amount of natural resource.
• Toxic waste: Poisonous waste
• Fight climate change: To prevent a permanent change in weather
• Offset carbon emissions: Pay for an equivalent amount of carbon dioxide to be saved elsewhere
• Sustainable development: The development without damaging the environment.

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 • Dump waste: To dispose of waste in an irresponsible manner
• Introduce green taxes: Taxes which relate to the protection of the environment
• Sort the daily garbage: To arrange garbage in groups according to size, type daily.

Complete the sentences with the correct words:

1. ___________________is one of the most important challenges almost every country is facing.
2. The government should commit to __________________and the protection of the environment.
3. ______________is become a serious concern for the government to get deal with.
4. International cooperation is necessary to____________________.
5. Scientists in many countries are cooperating to find a method to______________.
6. One thing that individual can do to protect the environment is_______________________.
7. Disposal of household waste is a daunting task for local authorities. Towns and cities cannot just
___________________and hope it will go away.
8. Efforts to recycle waste are only a partial solution. Meanwhile, the problem of _______________
remains.
9. Some airlines have schemes now for_____________________.
10. Politicians should not be afraid of ________________________ and incentives to encourage eco-
friendly design in architecture.

IV. WORD FORMS

1. The doctor suggested that my ___ to sleep was stress-related and prescribed sleeping pills to help
me catch up on much-need sleep. (ABLE)

2. Taking disadvantage of someone's trust or innocence is completely ___. (DESPISE)

3. When she found out that she had missed out on a place by two marks, she felt completely ___.
(SPIRIT)

4. The government decided that the funding of the project was completely ___ given the collapse of
the economy. (SUSTAIN)

5. His nasty comments were completely uncalled for and left an ___ taste in my mouth. (SAVOUR)
6. Emilia has always been very ___ and never thinks about the consequences of any of her actions.
(IMPULSE)
7. THe restaurant was closed down following an inspection that deemed the kitchen to be ___ and
unfit for food preparation.
8. In the early years of the crisis, staff tended to be offered a more generous ___ package than in the
later years. (REDUNDANT)

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 9. ___ of East and West Germany began in 1990 when the Berlin Wall came down. (UNITY)
10. You could hardly say he was lazy; he's been ___ employed ever since he left school. (GAIN)

V. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

1. Spending two weeks in hospital was very different from lying on the beach! (CRY)
→ Spending two weeks in hospital was _________ lying on the beach!
2. The parents of that girl are furious about her expulsion. (ARMS)
→ That’s the girl ________________________________________________________ about her expulsion.
3. I’m finding it difficult to cope with all the work I have to do. (TOP)
→ All the work I have to do ____________________________________________________________ me.
4. I wouldn’t confront the manager if I were you.(HORNS)
→ I wouldn’t ________________________________________________________________________ the
manager if I were you.
5. He was arrested when they caught him driving a stolen vehicle. (ACT)
→ Being ____________________________________________________ a stolen vehicle, he was arrested.
6. I left without saying goodbye as I didn’t want to disturb the meeting.
→ Rather ______________________________________________________________________________
7. You can eat as much as you like for £5 at the new lunch-bar.
→ There is no ___________________________________________________________________________
8. We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.
→ Much to _____________________________________________________________________________
→ 9. “I think the whole idea’s ridiculous,” he said.
He dismissed ____________________________________________________________________________
10. The managing director refuses to resign.
→ The managing director has no ____________________________________________________________
VI. VOCABULARY

1. boycott: to refuse to buy, use or take part in something as a way of protesting

e.g: They have urged people to boycott foreign products.

2.prestige (n): the respect and admiration that somebody/something has because of their social position,
or what they have done
e.g: There is a lot of prestige attached to owning a car like this.
→ prestigious (adj) : respected and admired as very important or of very high quality
e.g: a prestigious university
→ prestige (adj):
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 • that brings respect and admiration, important
e.g: a prestige job
• luxury
e.g: prestige items such as jewellery and silver

3.snitch (on someone) (v): to tell a parent, teacher, et. about something wrong that another child has
done
→ snitch (n): a person, especially a child, who tells a parent, teacher, etc. about something wrong that
another child has done
SYNONYM: Sneak (v,n)

4.squalor (n): dirty and unpleasant conditions

e.g: the poverty and squalor of the slums
e.g: He had lost his job and was living in squalor.

5.grin (v): to smile widely

e.g: They grinned with delight when they heard our news

6.glutton (n):
• a person who eats too much
e.g: What a glutton – he ate a whole pizza by himself.
• a glutton for punishment/work: a person who enjoys doing difficult or unpleasant tasks
e.g: She’s a glutton for tough challenges.
→ Gluttonous (adj):
• eating too much; typical of a person who eats too much
e.g: gluttonous habits
• using more than you need:
e.g: She said that industrialized countries should reduce their gluttonous consumption of oil.

7.etiquette: the formal rules of correct or polite behaviour in society or among members of a particular
profession.
e.g: Etiquette requires that winners make a speech.

8.smirk: a silly and unpleasant smile that shows that you are pleased with yourself, know something that
other people do not know, etc.
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e.g: "Maybe your husband does things that you don't know about," he said with a smirk.

9.shirk: to avoid doing something you should do, especially because you are too lazy
e.g: I will not shirk from my obligations.

10.lucubrate (n): to study or write earnestly

e.g: I have often lucubrated for your Magazine

EXERCISE:
1. The medical team found 60,000 ______ prisoners living in unimaginable squalor.
2. Being a ______ for punishment, I decided to climb all three peaks in one day.
3. He did not know the proper ______ for greeting people of such high rank.
4. Politicians who waste time on trivial matters ______ their duty to find solutions on refugees.
5. Should I quit a ______ company for something less well paid?
6. He was called "______", probably because he did what his school's anti-bullying program told
students to do -to tell others that he was bullied.
7. When they’re on the spot and someone is questioning their credibility, they often ______.
8. Perhaps we should make an another appointment after I’ve ______about your situation?
9. He just stood there, tongue-tied and ______sheepishly.
10. We are asking people to ______goods from companies that use child labour.

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