SMA3023 A192 (TUTORIAL 2)

1. To activate Sopeepippi acount, a password is required. The password is a sequence

of any four symbols of English letters. How many different passwords are possible
if:
a. repetition is allowed? b. repetition is not allowed?

Solution
a. 264  456976 b. 26  25  24  23  358800

2. Suppose repetition is not allowed.

a. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9?
b. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9, but the number is less than 400?
c. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9, but the number is even?
d. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9, but the number is multiples by 5?

Solution
6! 6!
a. 6  5  4  120 digits or 6 P3    120 digits
 6  3! 3!
b. 2  5  4  40 digits
c. 5  4  2  40 digits
d. 5  4  1  20 digits

3. How many different license plates can be made if each plate contains a sequence
of two English letters followed by three digits with the first digit is not zero?

Solution
26  26  9 10 10  608400 possible license plates.

4. How many different license plates can be made if each plate contains a sequence
of two distinct English letters followed by three different digits?

Solution
26  25 10  9  8  468000 possible license plates.

1
5. How many different license plates can be made if each plate contains a sequence
of two distinct English letters followed by three different digits but the first digit
cannot be zero?

Solution
26  25  9  9  8  421200

6. Suppose repetition is allowed.

a. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9?
b. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9, but the number is less than 400?
c. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9, but the number is even?
d. How many three-digit numbers can be performed from six digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
7 and 9, but the number is multiples by 5?

Solution
a. 6  6  6  216 digits b. 2  6  6  72 digits
c. 6  6  2  72 digits d. 6  6  1  36 digits

7. Suppose repetition is not allowed.

a. How many ways can the letters A, B, C, D and E can be arranged?

b. How many ways can two of the letters A, B, C, D and E can be arranged?
c. How many ways can three of the letters A, B, C, D and E can be arranged?
d. How many ways can four of the letters A, B, C, D and E can be arranged?

Solution

a. 5  4  3  2  1  120 ways
5! 5!
b. 5  4  20 ways or 5 P2    20
 5  2 ! 3!
5! 5!
c. 5  4  3  60 or 5 P3    60
 5  3! 2!
5! 5!
d. 5  4  3  2  120 or 5 P4    120
 5  4 ! 1!
8. There are 12 bottles of Pepsi drink. 8 bottles to be drunk. How many possible
permutation are there?

Solution
12! 12!
P    19958400
12 8
12  8! 4!

2
9. There are 10 horses competing in a race. The prize is available for the first three
horses. How many possible permutation of prize are there?

Solution
10! 10!
P    720
10 3
10  3! 7!
10. How many ways are there to select a first-prize winner, a second-prize winner, and
a third-prize winner from 18 contestants?

Solution
18  17  16  4896

11. How many ways can letter numerical can be arranged?

Solution
9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2 1  362880

12. How many four letter words can be performed from letter numerical ?

Solution
9  8  7  6  3024

13. How many four letter words can be performed from letter numerical if its must
begin and end with consonant?

Solution
consonant n, m, r , c, l 5  7  6  4  840

14. A class consists 7 boys and 5 girls. How many ways to choose five person to form a
committee from the class?

Solution
12! 12! 12 1110  9  8
C5     792
5!12  5 ! 5! 7 ! 5  4  3  2 1
12

15. A class consists 7 boys and 5 girls. How many ways to choose five person to form a
committee from the class if the committee must contain 3 boys and 2 girls?

Solution
7! 5! 7! 5! 7  65 5 4
C3  5 C2        35 10  350
3! 7  3! 2! 5  2 ! 3! 4 ! 2! 3! 3 2 2 1
7

16. A bag contains 5 red marbles and 6 blue marbles. How many ways to draw 4
marbles from the bag?

Solution
11! 11! 1110  9  8
C4     330
4!11  4 ! 4! 7 ! 4  3  2 1
11

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17. A bag contains 5 red marbles and 6 blue marbles. How many ways to draw 4
marbles from the bag if it must be 2 red marbles and 2 blue marbles

Solution
5! 6! 5! 6! 5 4 65
C2  6 C2        150
2! 5  2 ! 2! 6  2 ! 2! 3! 2! 4 !
5
2 2

18. Consider the set of letters  A, B, C , D, E

a. How many combinations of two letters from the set?
b. How many combinations of three letters from the set?
c. How many combinations of four letters from the set?

Solution
5! 5!
a. C2    10
2! 5  2 ! 2!3!
5

5! 5!
b. C3    10
3! 5  3! 3! 2 !
5

5! 5!
c. 5 C4   5
4! 5  4 ! 4!1!

19. Consider the sequence of Gn  Gn 1  2Gn  2 . If the initial values are G0  2 and G1  7

, find the solution of the relation.

Solution
Gn  Gn 1  2Gn  2
x2  x  2 x2  x  2  0
 x  2  x  1  0 x  2 and x  1
Gn  u 2n  v  1
n

G0  u  v G1  2u  v
2uv 7  2u  v
u  3 and v  1
Gn  3  2n    1 1
n

Gn  3  2n    1 or Gn  3  2n    1
n n 1

 
Therefore, the solution is Gn  3 2n   1
n 1
for n  0,1, 2,...

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20. Given an  6an 1  9an  2 with its initial values a0  1 and a1  6 . Find the solution an

Solution
an  6an 1  9an  2

x2  6x  9 x2  6 x  9  0

 x  3 0 x3
2

an  u  3n   vn  3n 

u 1 2uv
v 1

an  3n  n  3n 

 
Therefore, the solution is an  3n  n 3n for n  0,1, 2,...

21. Given d n  5d n 1  6d n  2 with its initial values d 0  1 and d1  0 . Find the solution d n

.
Solution
d n   2  3n  3  2n  for n  0,1, 2,...

22. Given  n  4 n 1  4 n  2 with its initial values  0  6 and 1  8 . Find the solution

n .

Solution
 n  6  2n   2n  2n  for n  0,1, 2,...