Professional Documents
Culture Documents
management manifesto
IntroductionDefinitionGuiding PrinciplesRole and ResponsibilitiesHybrid Project
FlowHybrid Planning PhaseHybrid ProcessHybrid ExecutionHybrid Enabling
ToolsFrequently Asked Questions
Introduction
In recent years there has been a significant increase in popularity of Agile methodologies at
the expense of Waterfall. Both Agile and Waterfall have their strengths and weakness and
each is suitable for different scenarios. In fact, many organizations attempt to use different
aspects of Agile and Waterfall.
This Hybrid Project Management Manifesto formalizes some of the practices of practitioners
who combine both methodologies.
Hybrid Processes
Definition
Hybrid Project Management combines the formal and Agile methods to create a new project
management method. Hybrid employs the thoroughness of Work Breakdown Structure
(WBS) with speed and lean benefits of Agile for a new project management method which is
both detailed and fast. Most projects benefit from using Hybrid project management method.
Only very small projects don’t require hybrid method.
Guiding Principles
A Hybrid project is managed by a Project Manager using WBS methodology who has overall ownership and
responsibility for the project.
Scrum Masters support the Project Manager by executing each Agile Sprint.
Continuous Team Collaboration is required for ongoing reporting, analysis and management review.
The Project Manager assumes the role of a Product Manager. There is only Project Manager or product
manager in Hybrid project management method. He or she is considered the business owner of the project.
The Project Manager and Scrum masters share direct responsibility for different segments of the project.
The Project Manager has overall project responsibility and ownership over the project.
Project Manager is primarily concerned with the front end of the project flow (product requirements,
customer feedback, components definition and WBS)
Scrum Masters are responsible for backend of project flow (backlogs, sprints and releases).
Project Manager creates a team consistent of Scum Masters and other management staff (if need).
Each Scrum Master builds his or her team based on requirements and time frame for delivery.
DEFINITIONS
Components: The individual building modules driven from product requirement document. For example, a
mobile phone has electronics, display, WIFI and software components. A software product may have UI, Business
Logic and communication components. Product requirements establish which components are needed in a project.
Track: The path for development and release of each component. Some tracks could be shorter or longer
than others.
Backlogs: The list of tasks for each component. Tasks for each sprint are derived from backlog of the same
track. Both project manager and scrum masters add or modify the backlog.
Sprint: 4-8 weeks long development effort and each includes development, testing and release
(deployment). Each track has its own backlog and sprints. Sprints from different tracks run in parallel. The output of
each sprint from different tracks may or may not combine with sprints from other tracks to make it into a release
Project Team: Each project team is made up of dedicated team members. The essential members are 100%
assigned to the project, and there is no sharing of resources across multiple projects. Team members report to scrum
masters for day to day development effort.
Responsibility
Project Scrum
Manager Master(s)
Responsibility
Project
Definition
Task
Project Scrum
Manager Master(s)
= primary responsibility
= supporting role
Hybrid Execution
In Hybrid the Project Manager is assigned the overall project ownership, and the individual
Scrum Master is responsible for executing Sprint. Reporting is a joint responsibility requiring
continuous collaboration and communication.
Responsibility
Project
Definition
Task
Project Scrum
Manager Master(s)
Project Manager owns the
entire project.
Regression testing is
conducted before each version
release.
= primary responsibility
= supporting role
WBS: Work Breakdown Structure, which uses such tools as Gantt chart, subtasks, milestones and
dependencies to define a project completely.
Agile: Kanban Board for showing each task’s position during the project development cycle.
Collaboration: Real time status notifications and updates to the entire team and integration into high level
project plans to management review at any time.
The graphs below map out some of the leading software vendor capabilities as it relates to
Hybrid.
Figure 2- Waterfall versus Agile Functionality
Figure 3- Hybrid versus Collaboration Functionality
Asana
Basecamp
Binfire
Clarizen
Dapulse
Microsoft Project
Smartsheet
Trello
Wrike
Answer. No Hybrid is not a new methodology, but a fusion of two old methodologies. It has
been practiced by experienced project managers for many years under different names.
Recently the name “Hybrid Project Management” has gained acceptance.
Answer. Yes. Hybrid is a formal methodology and is gaining traction with both academia
and professionals.
Answer. It is the same methodologies with two different names. “Hybrid” project
management is a better description of the underlying methodology.
Question. Is this a new methodology or just another way of saying we use Agile and
Waterfall based on the particular situation?
Answer. It is a new way of doing things, having a short focus on product features and a long
focus on the final result.
Answer. No, in fact, it reinforces doing both better and more professionally.
Question. Is Hybrid more relevant for any particular industry or type of project?
Answer. All industries can use Hybrid. For very short projects of less than 3 months, it is
better to use Agile only.
Answer. Yes, it is not a function on the size of the team or organizations. In fact, even long
term personal projects could use Hybrid.
Question. Are there any particular challenges using Hybrid in remote teams?
Question. Does Hybrid require special training? (Most people are not trained on both Agile
and Waterfall, so how do you bridge the two?)
Answer. Yes, if people are trained on both Agile and Waterfall there is less to learn. The
challenge is to get into the mindset of having sprint for short term delivery and organizing for
the long-term product success.
Answer. Advantages are that makes product delivery faster, exposes issues much earlier and
the final result is always better. There are no major disadvantages.
Question. Is there any particular project management software best suited to support Hybrid?
Answer. Yes. You need a project management software that integrates both Agile (Kanban,
Scrum etc.) and Work Breakdown Structure (WBS).
Question. Can you talk about your experiences using Hybrid and how that differed from
using other methodologies?
Answer. In the past twenty years, I have used Hybrid on small and large projects with great
success. This has enabled us to deliver product enhancements every month. At the same
time, we can focus the final goal without getting distracted.
Answer. Like all other methodologies, time to market, cost, and quality of output.
The Hybrid Methodology
Guide – All You Need to
Know About Hybrid
In the past few year the world has become more and more agile.
The problem of waterfall is that the today’s market is quite dynamic, and
the input from the customers and user acceptance testing come at the very
end of the process. And maybe then you find out that this is not exactly
what the users want after all but you’ve already spent too much time and
resources.
Yes, well, agile comes with its set of weak spots too. Since it allows its
backlog to change, without robust documentation and control, it
is susceptible to scope creep, and some say constant additions of features
actually degrade user experience. And perhaps most importantly, agile
doesn’t scale so well. It shines brightest in smaller projects, but big
projects and large teams are better off with a more systematic approach
[1].
Here are the three basic principles that should get you started:
The hybrid sprints commonly last between 4 and 6 weeks. Thus every 4 to
6 weeks adjustments or termination can be done if circumstances demand
so, before too much time and resources have been spent.
In a way not really, because hybrid aims to shift the perception of making
a choice of methodology from “pick one from the set” to “find your
special place under the sun on the scale from waterfall to agile”. It
proposes you optimize the agile-waterfall ratio to best suit your needs,
and if you are working on, say, a two month software project, then, well,
zero waterfall it is.
Hybrid works well for reusing software code in several similar endeavors,
while having to take into account the quality of future products. This
provides the flexibility and speed of delivering while staying abreast of the
final product quality level.
The more fluent you are in various project management “languages”, the
easier it will be for you to adapt to any project/portfolio management tools.
Happy blending!
References
[1] McConnell, S. (1998). Software Project Survival Guide: How to be
sure your first important project isn’t your last. USA: Microsoft Press.
Hybrid Agile Manifesto and
Spider Man
Photo by Raj Eiamworakul
What does Spider Man have to do with Agile projects? You may have landed here out
of curiosity. Keep reading and you’ll find out.
In this article I’ll talk about the problems with the Agile Manifesto, agile principles,
and how smart agile and focused waterfall go hand-in-hand as a hybrid approach for
the purpose of improving end results. As a precursor see my previous post on
waterfall with agile.
I’ll share with you my concerns about the agile culture and why a better approach
would be to foster diversity with a hybrid model.
Alex Rodov and Jordi Teixidó wrote an article for another PMI conference paper
called Blending agile and waterfall. They wrote, “…we tend to compare agile projects
to bad waterfall approaches and continue with this misconception.” Alex and Jordi hit
it on the head, which leads me to the Agile Manifesto and what it has fostered.
The manifesto authors state they value what’s on the left more than what’s on the
right.
1. Why does the left side of the statement need to be more valuable than the right?
2. Why can’t they be equally valuable without one taking away from the other?
To Alex’s and Jordi’s point, I believe the Agile Manifesto was written with counter
punch to badly managed waterfall projects. Likewise, there are also a ton of badly
managed agile projects as noted by Gloria J. Miller in her article Agile problems,
challenges, and failures.
Let’s look at the manifesto’s first statement “Individuals and interactions over
processes and tools”. It’s like saying improving a car’s interactive mechanics is better
than ensuring we have a great set of directions to get to the lake before sunset. We
need both.
I can go down the list saying why it’s absurd to think that working on one will
diminish the value of the other. But, I’m guessing the reason for their value statement
was that many businesses were ignoring important things like individuals and
interactions, working software, collaboration, and responding to change. A manifesto
like this may have the purpose to bump people into saying, hey, look over here!
However, the way it’s written has caused many to downplay the value of the items on
the right of each statement.
There’s one item in their 12-principles page that points out the real difference between
agile and traditional waterfall approaches. This is the focus on continuous product
deployment in small chunks rather than the big bang approach seen in waterfall-only
projects.
I believe the true unique value of agile is the ability to deliver the product in small
chunks frequently over time.
In order to do this, you have to be flexible with change for two reasons. One is to
deliver in small bites when the future requirements are not really fully flushed out.
The second is ongoing deployments to the customer/client is going to stir up new
ideas and identify design issues much earlier with the help of customer feedback.
Therefore being flexible while always delivering is really cool and not traditionally on
the menu of waterfall projects.
SPIDER MAN WITH AGILE AND PROCESS
Ok, let’s talk about Spider Man. The reason I bring him up, other than a catchy title
and image, is to use his approach as an example of mixing agile with process. You
may hear agile purists say processes get in the way. As a note, the Agile Manifesto
line #1 downplays “processes” but their 12-principles page mentions “agile processes”
a couple times. Hmm... To give credit to their principles page, implementing agile
does indeed include a number of processes, such as the steps on organizing and
running scrum meetings and the discipline of time boxing work into sprints followed
by reviews and feedback processes.
The video below is curtesy of gfycat and as shown on the Polygon site, which has
detailed approaches on how a gamer can use their controls on the PS4 Spider Man
game to strategically swing through the city. For example, how to swing with more
velocity, when to let go of your web, how to launch and traverse, etc.
Although there are many forums and articles about the real physics of swinging
through Manhattan, my focus is that agility and processes go hand-in-hand (or
skyscraper to skyscraper) and one doesn’t need to take value away from the other.
Whether you are Spider Man or a product manager of the next killer digital game, you
can easily mix agile with process for driving even better project end results.
In my last blog post I spoke about why most all agile projects are really agile with
waterfall. If you have read it, recall projects that have beginnings require solid
planning known processes with sequential action steps mostly depending on their
previous step. Once in a while Spider Man may go swinging for fun, but that’s really
not a project since there’s no end game (and I suspect the webbing material is super
expensive). Most of the time he plans out his path to get to the other side of the town
in time to save a dangling bus about to fall off the bridge. With the except of certain
moments of pure instinct reaction while fighting the water monster, many of his
flights are hybrid agile/waterfall processes with a set of best practice steps along with
the agility to manage unknown structures when swinging along the way.
Waterfall for known dependent steps with agile for unknowns and iterations
Plan with repeatable best practices while responding to change with agility
Frequent ongoing delivery of product or project solutions
Everyone engaged to share, solve, and innovate continuously, and…
… customers, sponsors, stakeholders are also part of “everyone”
People, processes, and tools together form a winning recipe
Diversity and inclusive rather than exclusive makes our projects stronger. People with
different approaches and experience, whether agile focused or waterfall focused, are
all needed to bring unique views.
Look for a tool that provides the ability to utilize sequential process-driven steps that
can be repeated from project templates, or what we call “recipes” and also provides a
board feature that is good for your agile sprints. They are hard to find, but I’ll give
you an example of our own Pie hybrid project tool with the following video.
Watch how Waterfall and Agile can work together as a Hybrid within the the same
project:
Think of Hybrid Agile/Waterfall as the diversity that mixes the best from all of us. As
for Process, well, they can all be processes if they contain a set of actions to achieve
desired results. Finally, bake in repeatability and we can reuse recipes for scalability.
Paul