TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: WATTLE AND DAUB

TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM -

WATTLE AND DAUB

-ANJALI RAITHATHA (1733001002)

-ANJALI RAO (1733001003)
-DEVANSHI KHOKHAR (1733001009)

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BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION II
TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: WATTLE AND DAUB

INDEX
• INTRODUCTION
• HISTORY
• COMPONENTS OF WATTLE AND DAUB
- FRAME
- WATTLE PANEL
- DAUB (CONSTRUCTION PROCESS)
• ISOMETRIC VIEW

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BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION II
TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: WATTLE AND DAUB

INTRODUCTION
WATTLE AND DAUB, IS A COMPOSITE BUILDING MATERIAL USED FOR
MAKING WALLS, IN WHICH A WOVEN LATTICE OF WOODEN STRIPS
SOME COMBINATION OF WET SOIL, CLAY,SAND,ANIMAL DUNG AND
STRAW. MANY HISTORIC BUILDINGS INCLUDE WATTLE AND DAUB
CONSTRUTION , AND THE TECHNIQUE S BECOMING POPULAR AGAIN IN
MORE DEVELOPED AREAS AS AQ LOW- IMPACT SUSTAINABLE BUILDING
TECHNIQUE.

WATTLE
WATTLE IS A FRAMEWORK MADE BY WEAVING THIN STICKS THROUGH
THICK STICKS WHICH IS USED FOR MAKING FENCES AND WALLS.

DAUB HISTORY
WATTLE AND DAUB IS ONE OF OUR OLDEST
STICKY MIXTURE OF CLAY, SOIL, ANIMAL DUNG, STRAW
TECHNIQUES. THIS TECHNIQUES WAS USED
ALREADY IN NEOLITHIC PERIOD .ITS USAGE
DATE BACK ATLEAST 6000YEARS AGO, AND
STILL IS A QUITE POSSIBLY MUCH OLDER STILL.
THERE ARE SUGGESTION THAT
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES SUCH AS LATH
AND PLASTER AND EVEN COB MAY HAVE
EVOLVED FROM WATTLE AND DAUB.MOST
MEDIVAL BUILDINGS INCORPATE THIS
TECHNIQUE.
THIS METHOD ALSO KNOWN AS QUINCHA IN
PROCESS OF DAUB MAKING
SOUTH AMERICA AND FACHWERK IN
GERMANY, WAS HISTORICALLY USED IN
EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST, SOUTH, EASTERN
AND CENTRAL AMERICA AND AFRICA.
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BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION II
TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: WATTLE AND DAUB

COMPONENTS OF WATTLE AND DAUB

KEY COMPONENTS CLOSE STUDDING
CLOSE STUDDING CREATES A NARROW SPACING BETWEEN THE TIMBER
AND ALLOWS FOR SUPPORT OF THE WATTLE.
FRAME WATTLE PANEL DAUB
SPACE BETWEEN THE TIMBERS: - 180-400 MM

THE FIRST STEP IN CREATING A BUILDING USING WATTLE AND DAUB IS

THE CREATION OF THE FRAME.

FRAME
TWO OF THE MOST COMMON FRAME WORKS ARE CLOSE-STUDDING
AND PARALLEL-BRACING.

PARRALLEL BRACING
PARALLEL BRACING USES DIAGONAL BRACING TO OFFER SUPPORT TO
THE WATTLE.
SPACE BETWEEN THE TIMBERS: - 1200 – 1500 MM

THE FRAME OF A STRUCTURE BEFORE APPLYING WATTLE

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BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION II
TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: WATTLE AND DAUB
COMPONENTS OF WATTLE AND DAUB
WATTLE PANELS
STAVES
-STALVESS ARE USED TO HELP
SUPPORT THE WATTLE
PANELS.
-IT’S IMPORTANT THAT THE
STALVES ARE NOT TOO
THICK.
-IF THE STALVES ARE TOO
THICK THEN IT WILL BE HARD
TO WORK THE WITHIES
AROUND THEM AND
INCREASES THE POSSIBLITITY
TO BREAK THE WITHIES.
THIS PHOTO SHOWS THE WEAVING OF
THE WATTLE PANELS. THE MALEABLE
TWIGS/BRANCHES (WITHIES) SHOWN ON
THE FLOOR ARE USED FOR WEAVING.
BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION II
PANEL WITH WOVEN WATTLE
WITHIES -WITH WOVEN WATTLES THE END STALVES HOLES WILL BE SET TIGHT
AGAINST THE ENDS OF THE PANEL.
-THE WITHES ARE WOVEN
-IF THESE WERE NOT THE ENDS OF THE HORIZONTALS WOULD STICK
AROUND THE STAVES TO
OUT FROM THE REST OF THE PANEL
FORM A BASKET LIKE
DESIGN.
-THE WITHIES SHOULD
ENTER IN ALTERNATE
DIRECTIONS TO MAKE THEM
SELF ANCHORING, FURTHER
STRENGTHNING AND
SUPPORTING THE WATTLE
PANEL WITH TIED OR NAILED WATTLE
PANELS.
-TIED OR NAOLES PANELS HAVE THE END STALVES SET CLEAR OF THE
SIDE TIMBERS BY ABOUT 5 CM, PERHAPS TO FACILITATE TYING.
-STALVES TEND TO BE RECTANGULAR AND STALVES HOLES TO BE OF
THE DRILLED TYPE AND MAY EVEN BE FINISHED AS SMALL SQUARE
ENDED MORTICES.
WATTLE AND DAUB PHOTO THAT
SHOWS THE WATTLE PANEL
UNDERNEATH THE DAUB LAYER.
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TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: WATTLE AND DAUB

COMPONENTS OF WATTLE AND DAUB

WET SOIL ANIMAL DUNG +STRAW CLAY (FINE SAND PUGGING

GRANULES)

HAMMER POSTS INTO THE
GROUND
SPIKE THE END OF THE
POSTS, AND HAMMER THEM
INTO THE GROUND.
SPACING BETWEEN THE
POSTS IS 12 INCHES. WHEN
IT COMES TO DEPTH, THE
DEEPER THE BETTER, BUT
ON THE WHOLE THEY DON'T
NEED TO BE VERY DEEP. 8-12
INCHES IS PLENTY.
BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION II
FIND SUITABLE WATTLE
MATERIAL
HARVEST LONG, PLIABLE
STICKS THAT CAN BE WOVEN
IN AND OUT OF THE POSTS.
THESE CAN BE BRANCHES, BUT
THEY TEND TO SNAP MORE
EASILY THAN YOUNG TREES.
TRADITIONALLY, THE WOOD
OF CHOICE IS HAZEL, FOR IT
NATURALLY GROWS INTO
LONG, PLIABLE STICKS.
WEAVE THE WATTLE BETWEEN
POSTS
WEAVE THE BENDY STICKS, OR
'WATTLE', IN BETWEEN THE
POSTS. THEY SHOULD BE LAID
LIKE BRICKS, IN THAT A SPACE
BETWEEN TWO STICKS WOULD
HAVE, ABOVE AND BELOW IT, A
STICK OF ONE CONTINUOUS
LENGTH. WHERE THERE IS TO A
DOOR, A POST IS TO BE
INSERTED NEXT TO THE DOOR
.POST, SPECIFICALLY TO HOLD
THE WATTLE.
SMEAR THE DAUB ONTO THE
WALL
WHEN THE DAUB IS READY,
THROW, OR SMEAR IT ONTO
THE WALL. BOTH SIDES NEED
TO BE COVERED EVENLY, AND
ALL STICKS SHOULD BE
COVERED WITH AT LEAST AN
INCH'S THICKNESS OF DAUB.
ENSURE THAT THE DAUB IS
PUSHED INTO THE GAPS
BETWEEN THE WATTLES.
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TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: WATTLE AND DAUB

ISOMETRIC VIEW

STRAW OR REED THATCH

WOODEN RAFTERS

WATTE AND DAUB INFILL

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BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION II