Experiment Title–1.

Student Name: Arbind sah UID: 19BEM1056

Branch: Mechatronics Section/Group: B
Semester: 3rd Date of Performance: 11/8/2020
Subject Name: Digital Electronics Lab Subject Code: MTP-207

1. Aim/Overview of the practical: To use Op-Amp as Summing, Scaling and averaging

amplifier.

2. Task to be done:

i. Circuit of the different amplifier is to be made.

ii. Output voltage reading should be noted down.
iii. Different output waveform should be observed and compared.

3. Apparatus: Op-Amp 741, connecting wires, 15V AC supply, resistor 1kΩ (1/4 W), some
resistors of ¼ W, Function generator, DMM.

Circuit Diagrams:
4. Steps for experiment/practical:
a) Open Multisim 11.0 and right click to go to place components.
b) Select Op-Amp 741 from analog.
c) Select and place four resistors, change values as per requirement.
d) Also place three AC sources with different input voltages (as per required).
e) Ground negative terminal of the AC source with the help of connecting wires.
 f) Pick and place 4 channel oscilloscope and connect all the inputs and output.
g) Feedback resistor should be connected with the output terminal of Op-Amp.
h) Note down the reading.
Summing Amplifier:
a) In this case, keep all the resistors at the same resistance level.
Scaling Amplifier:
a) In this case, keep the resistors at different values of resistance but R1 and Rf should be
equal.
Averaging Amplifier:
a) In this case, the resistances should be 3 times the feedback resistance i.e. R1=R2=R3=3Rf.
Note: Everything will be same except some changes mentioned above.

5. Observations chart:

S.No V1 V2 V3 Output Voltage

. (Volts (Volts (Volts Vo (Volts)
) ) ) Summing Scaling Averaging
Theoretic Practic Theoretic Practic Theoretic Practic
al al al al al al
1. 0.5 1 1.5 -3 -2.992
2. 0.25 0.75 1 -2 -1.995
3. 3 1 2 -10 -9.961
4. 1 1.5 2 -9 -8.997
5. 1 2 3 -2 -1.976
6. 2 3 4 -3 -2.965
6. Calculations:

Summing Amplifier-

Rf=R1=R2=R3

V0= - (V1+V2+V3)

1. V0 = - (0.5+1+1.5) = -3V
2. V0 = - (0.25+0.75+1) = -2V

S.No. V1 V2 V3 Output Voltage

(Volts) (Volts) (Volts) Vo (Volts)
Summing
Theoretical Practical
1. 0.5 1 1.5 -3 -2.992
2. 0.25 0.75 1 -2 -1.995

Scaling Amplifier-

Rf=R1≠R2≠R3

-V0= Rf (V1/ R1+V2/ R2+V3 R3)

1. V0= -10(3/10+1/5+2/4) = -10 V

2. V0= -10(1/10+1.5/5+2/4) = -9 V
S.No. V1 V2 V3 Output Voltage
(Volts) (Volts) (Volts) Vo (Volts)
Scaling
Theoretical Practical

3. 3 1 2 -10 -9.961
4. 1 1.5 2 -9 -8.997

Averaging Amplifier-

Rf=R1=R2=R3=3Rf

-V0= (Rf/3Rf) *(V1+V2+V3)

-V0= (V1+V2+V3)/3

1. V0= -(1+2+3) = -2
2. V0= -(2+3+4) = -3

S.No. V1 V2 V3 Output Voltage

(Volts) (Volts) (Volts) Vo (Volts)
Averaging
Theoretical Practical

5. 1 2 3 -2 -1.976
6. 2 3 4 -3 -2.965
7. Percentage error (if any or applicable):

Summing: -

Voutput = -2.992

Voutput(theoretical) = -3

Percentage error= ((2.992-3)/3) *100% = 0.26%

Scaling: -

Voutput = -9.961

Voutput(theoretical) = -10

Percentage error= ((9.961-10)/10) *100% = 0.39%

Averaging: -

Voutput = -1.976

Voutput(theoretical) = -2

Percentage error= ((1.976-2)/2) *100% = 1.2%

8. Results: Hence summing amplifier’s output is the sum of given inputs, scaling amplifier’s
output is sum of given inputs with different gain for each inputs and averaging amplifier’s
output is the average of given inputs.
9. Graphs (If Any): Image /Soft copy of graph paper to be attached here

19bem1056

Fig1. Waveform chart of Summing Amplifier

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Fig2. Waveform chart of Scaling Amplifier

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Fig3. Waveform chart of Averaging Amplifier

Learning outcomes (What I have learnt):

1. I have learnt basics of summing, scaling and averaging amplifier.

2. I have also learnt how to calculate output voltages for these amplifiers.

3. Learned how to draw the circuit diagram for such amplifiers.

4. I have learnt how to use Op-Amp in these modes.

5. Learned how to perform this type of experiment in Multisim.

Evaluation Grid:
Sr. No. Parameters Marks Obtained Maximum Marks
1. Worksheet completion 10 Marks
including writing learning
objectives/outcomes.
2. Post Lab Quiz 5 Marks
3. Performance/Pre-Lab 5 marks
questions/Engagement in
simulation/Demonstration
Total 20 Marks