12422,12439,12444,12448

Experiment No. 14
Multistage Voltage series Feedback Amplifier using

BJT OBJECTIVE
To design and simulate a two stage voltage series feedback amplifier using
BJT
and to determine gain and frequency response with and without feedback.

EQUIPMENT
Instruments Components
• BJT: β=100, VBE=0.7 V
• PC • Resistors: 12 k , 2.7 k , 2.2 k , 560 , 4.7 k ,
• Simulation software 100
• Capacitors: 0.47 µF, 10 µF

THEORY
The high gain amplifier is widely used in analog circuit design and will serve as the step
to the next higher level of complex analog systems. The philosophy behind the high gain
amplifier is based on the concept of feedback. In analog circuits we must be able to
precisely define transfer
function. A familiar representation of this concept is illustrated in Figure 16.1 in
block diagram:

Fig 14.1: Block diagram depicting negative feedback configuratio. n


Here voltage or current
 High Gain Amplifier

Feedback Network

Input signal (source)

Input signal to amplifier

Feedback signal

Electronic Circuit Design Lab Manual 65 The overall gain of the amplifier
with feedback is given by
( )

The high gain amplifier is defined b y

The gains defined above may be current gain or voltage gain.

In the circuit shown below, the feedback signal is the voltage Vf across R1
and the sampled signal is the output voltage V 0 across R. It is called voltage series
feedback amplifier because a part of the output voltage is fed back in series with the
input.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

Fig 14.2: O pen loop two stage voltage amplifie. r

Electronic Circuit Design Lab Manual 66

 Fig 14.3: Voltage series wt o stage Feedback Amplifie.r

DESIGN:

Given VCC = 12V, IC = 2mA, = 25.

RE: W.K.T. VRE = VCC / 10 = 12 / 10 = 1.2V- for biasing

I E IC = 2 mA
From the fig. We see that,
IERE = VRE -3
RE = 1.2 / (2 x 10 )
RE 560
R C : VCE = VCC / 2 = 6V---for Q point to be in active region.
Applying KVL to output loop
VCC –ICRC--3VCE -VRE =
0 12 – 2 x 10 RC – 6 -1.2
= 0 Therefore RC = 2.2k
R1 & R2: From biasing circuit
VB = VBE+ VRE
= 0.7 + 1.2
VB = 1.9V
Assume 10 IB flows through R1 and 9 IB flows through R2.
W.K.T. I C = -3IB
2 x 10 = 100 IB
Therefore IB = 20 A

Electronic Circuit Design Lab Manual 67 From the fig. we see that,
-6
R 1 = VCC – VB / 10 IB = 12 – 1.9 / (10 x 20 x 10 )
Therefore R1 12k -6
R2 = VB / 9IB = 1.9 / ( 9 x 20 x
10 ) R2 2.7k
CE, CC , CB : Let CB = CC = 0.1 F
XCE = RE/10
Therefore f = 10 / (2 CE
RE) Let f = 100Hz and W.K.T RE =
560
Therefore CE = 10 / 2 f.RE = 10 f
Therefore CE 10 f.
DESIGN FEED BACK
CIRCUIT
Let βfeedback = 0.01
β = Rf/ (Rf + R)
Rf = (R βfeedback )/ (1 –
βfeedback) Let R=10K
Therefore Rf = 100

PROCEDURE
1. Use a simulation software (or use free cloud-based Multisim
at www.multisim.com) to construct the circuit shown in Figure 14.2.

2. Set simulation parameter values equal to the ones evaluated in Design section
and depicted in Figure 14.2.

3. Use β=100 and VBE=0.7 V for both the BJTs.

4. Perform DC analysis and note down DC operating point voltages and currents ,
and for both Q1 and Q2 BJTs. Are they similar?
5. Now perform Transient simulation by setting VS to a 10 kHz sinusoidal
input.
 Adjust the amplitude of this sine wave such that the output doesn’t get
clipped.

6. Observe the output waveform and write down its value in Table 14.1.

7. Keeping input amplitude fixed, measure the output voltage for different
frequencies of the input and tabulate the readings in Table 14.1.

Electronic Circuit Design Lab Manual 68

8. Plot the results of Table 16.1 on a semilog graph depicting gain in dB vs
frequency and attach it with Results & Calculations section.

9. Now add negative feedback to this circuit as depicted in Figure 14.3.

10. Calculate theoretical feedback gain (βfeedback) and closed loop gain (Acl)
for the circuit of Figure 14.3 and note it down.

11. Repeat steps from 4 to 8 for the new feedback circuit and write down the
corresponding results in Table 14.2.

RESULTS & CALCULATIONS

 With no feedback

IB1 = 0.023 mA IC1 = 2.395 mA

IE1 = 2.419 mA VCE1 = 5.377 V

IB2 = 0.023 mA IC2 = 2.395 mA

IE2 = 2.419 mA VCE2 = 5.377 V

Vs = 100 uVp ( peak )

Table 14.1 frequency response without feedback
 With Feedback
β = Rf/ (Rf + R) = 0.1 K ohm / (0.1 K ohm + 10 K ohm ) = 0.0099

Af = Ao1 / ( 1 + Aβ) = 10,300 / (1 + (10,300) (0.0099) ) = 100 V / V

IB1 = 0.02 mA IC1 = 2.49 mA

IE1 = 2.07 mA VCE1 = 6.125 V

IB2 = 0.023 mA IC2 = 2.395 mA

IE2 = 2.419 mA VCE2 = 5.377 V

Vs = 1 mVp ( peak )

Table 14.2 frequency response with feedback

With No Feedback
WITH FEEDBACK :
 CONCLUSION
We designed and simulate a two stage voltage series feedback amplifier using
BJT and to determine gain and frequency response with and without feedback in
multisim

Activity ExperimentNo 14
Name
GroupNo. 4 SectionA

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