Partial Differential Equations

Solution of partial differential equations by the method of separation of

variables
1). Solve the partial differential equation by the
method of separation of variables
Solution:
Given partial differential equation is (1)
Here is a function in terms of
So, let be the solution of equation (1)
That is , here means function of and means function of
Then , and
Now equation (1) implies

Dividing with “ ” on both sides, we get

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Partial Differential Equations

(Say)
and
and
-------- (2) and -------- (3)
Which are ordinary linear differential equations
Now equation (2)
Auxiliary equation is
The roots are
That is , where ,
Therefore the complementary function is
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Partial Differential Equations
Now equation (3)
Auxiliary equation is
The roots are
Therefore the complementary function is
Hence the complete solution of the given PDE is

, where ,
In practical problems, the values of are determined from the given boundary
conditions

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Partial Differential Equations

2). Solve the partial differential equation by the

method of separation of variables
Solution:
Given partial differential equation is (1)
Here is a function in terms of
So, let be the solution of equation (1)
That is , here means function of and means function of
Then and
Now equation (1) implies

Dividing with “ ” on both sides, we get

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Partial Differential Equations

(Say)

and

--------- (2) and --------- (3)

Which are ordinary differential equations
Now equation (2)
on integration, we get

𝒂𝒙𝟑
Therefore 𝟑

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Partial Differential Equations

And equation (3)

on integration, we get

𝒂𝒚𝟒
Therefore 𝟒

Hence the complete solution of the given PDE is

In practical problems, the values of are determined from the given boundary
conditions

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Partial Differential Equations
3). Using the method of separation of variables, solve the partial
differential equation , where
Solution:
Given partial differential equation is (1)
Here is a function in terms of
So, let be the solution of equation (1)
That is , here means function of and means function of
Then and
Now equation (1) implies

Dividing with “ ” on both sides, we get

(Say)

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Partial Differential Equations

and
--------- (2) and --------- (3)
Which are ordinary differential equations
Now equation (2)

on integration, we get

Therefore
And equation (3)

on integration, we get

Therefore
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Partial Differential Equations
Therefore the complete solution of the given PDE is

If , then

But given

and
and
Hence the solution of the given partial differential equation is

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Partial Differential Equations
4). Using the method of separation of variables, solve the partial
differential equation , where
Solution:
Given partial differential equation is (1)
Here is a function in terms of
So, let be the solution of equation (1)
That is , here means function of and means function of
Then and
Now equation (1) implies

Dividing with “ ” on both sides, we get

(Say)

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Partial Differential Equations

and
--------- (2) and --------- (3)
Which are ordinary differential equations
Now equation (2)

on integration, we get

Therefore
And equation (3)

on integration, we get

Therefore
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Partial Differential Equations
Therefore the complete solution of the given PDE is

If , then

But given

and
and
Hence the solution of the given partial differential equation is

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Partial Differential Equations

5). Using the method of separation of variables, solve the partial

differential equation

6). Solve the partial differential equation by the method

of separation of variables

7). Solve the partial differential equation with the initial

condition by the method of separation of variables

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