CHAPTER 3

VENTILATION PART 1
By : Mohamad Shahrizal Bin Alias
DEFINITION

“Supply of fresh air to the conditioned

space either by natural or by mechanical
means for the purpose of maintaining
acceptable indoor air quality”
 THE NECESSITY OF VENTILATION IN
BUILDING.
i. To provide fresh air for the occupants to breath.
ii. To provide air for combustion appliances such as boilers.
iii. To remove stale air which may be contaminated with
moisture or smoke particles etc.
iv. To remove or dilute odours.
v. To remove the combustion products for combustion
devices without flues e.g. gas cookers.
vi. for cooling of the buildings, for cooling of the occupants
or both.
 NATURAL VENTILATION
 Natural ventilation is the process of supplying and
removing air through an indoor space by natural
means.

 It uses outdoor air flow caused by pressure differences

between the building and its surrounding to provide
ventilation and space cooling.
TYPES OF NATURAL VENTILATION

WIND DRIVEN VENTILATION STACK EFFECT

 WIND DRIVEN VENTILATION
 Wind driven ventilation, involves harnessing the power of
the wind to ventilate a space.

 This involves wind entering through a vent, and allowing

air to flow directly through the house and out through an
opening on the other side of the home.
 WIND DRIVEN VENTILATION
Factors that affect wind-driven ventilation;
 The tightness of the building envelope.

 The direction and amount of wind available,

 The potential passage of wind through vents, chimneys

and other incidental openings.

 How well wind is able to travel through the home. In

some cases especially where wind is unpredictable or

blowing on an imperfect angle,
 Wind ventilation can be improved by directing wind into

the home using wing walls and casement windows.

 WIND DRIVEN VENTILATION
ADVANTAGE
 Effective ventilation and
cooling
 Effectively free
 No mechanics or electronics
to be maintained
 Helps prevent excess
moisture and heat in ceiling
cavities
DISADVANTAGES
 Relies on the availability
of wind
 Depends on outside air
quality
 Not necessarily as
effective or reliable as
mechanical ventilation
 May involve compromising
privacy
 STACK EFFECT VENTILATION
 Stack ventilation operates on a single basic premise –
that warm air rises.

 The effect of forced stack ventilation can be seen, at a

very basic level, by looking at a fireplace and a
chimney.

 The source of the heat is low, the hot air rises and
cooler air enters the shaft from below.
STACK EFFECT VENTILATION
STACK EFFECT VENTILATION
 Stack ventilation principles rely on providing a
passage for warm air to rise up and out through the
top of the house, and for cool air to enter the house
via low-lying intake vents.

 This works best when there is a temperature variation

between the indoors and outdoors.

 Wind ventilation can be used to help encourage stack

ventilation
 STACK EFFECT VENTILATION

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGES

 Does not rely on wind  Indoor and outdoor

 Relies on natural
principles
 Little or no power
consumption involved
 Can be combined with
wind driven ventilation
temperatures must be
different
 Incoming air may be
polluted
 Less effective than wind
driven ventilation
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shahrizal@polikk.edu.my