16 TENSES

NAMA :
ZIKHA HIDAYAH
1. Simple Present
Fungsi:
a. Untuk menyatakan suatu  kebenaran umum/ mutlak
Rumus 
• (+)S + Tobe + Noun/ Adjective
• (-)  S + Tobe +Not+ Noun/ Adjective
• (?)Tobe + S +Noun/ Adjective ?
Contoh :
• (+) She is smart
• (-) She is nit smart
• (?)Is she smart?
b. Untuk meyatakan suatu  pekerjaan rutin. 
Rumus
• (+) S + V1 ( + Object )
• (-) S + Do/Does + not +V1  
• (?)Do/Does + not + S + V1?
Contoh :
• (+) She eats an apple
• (-) She does not eat apple
• (?) Does she eat apple?

2. Present Continuous.
Fungsi:
Untuk meyatakan suatu  pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung
Rumus
• (+) S + am/is/are + Verb.ing
• (-) S + am/is/are + not + Verb.ing
• (?) Am/is/are + S + Verb.ing
Contoh :
• She is reading a magazine
• She is not reading a magazine
• Is she reding a magazine?
3. Present Perfect
Fungsinya:
Untuk meyatakan suatu  pekerjaan yang telah usai pada saat sekarang.
Rumus 
• (+) S + have/has + V3  
• (-)  S + have/has + not + V3
• (?) Have/has + S + V3?
Contoh :
• She has eaten an apple
• She has not eaten an apple
• Has she eaten an apple?

4. Present Perfect Continuous tense 

Fungsi:
Untuk meyatakan suatu  pekerjaan yang sudah terjadi dan masih terdapat
kemungkinan terjadi sampai nanti.
Rumus
• (+) S + have/has + been + Ving  
• (-)  S + have/has + not + been + Ving
• (?) Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
• (+)  She has been waiting for you since she was at senior high school
• (-)  She has not been waiting for you since she was at senior high school
• (?)  Has She been waiting for you since she was at senior high school

5. Simple Past tense

Fungsi:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan yang terjadi pada masa lampau atau waktu pekerjaan
sudah lewat namun tidak menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan atau kegiatan tersebut
telah selesai.
Rumus
• (+) S + V2 + O
• (-)  S + did + not + Verb1
• (?) Did + S + Verb1)
Contoh :
• (+) she ate meatball in the canteen
• (-)  she did not eat meatball in the canteen
• (?) Did she eat meatball in the canteen?
       .
6. Past Continuous.
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang terjadi pada masa lampau.
• (+) S + was/were + Ving    
• (-)  S + was/were + not + Ving
• (?)  Was/were + S + Ving  
Contoh :
• (+)  She was watching television at 2 o’clock
• (-)  She was not watching television at 2 o’clock
• (?)   was  She watching television at 2 o’clock

7. Past Perfect.
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai ketika pekerjaan lain baru
dimulai pada masa lampau.
Rumus
• (+) S + Had + V3        
• (-)  S + Had + not + V3
• (?)  Had + S + V3    
Contoh :
• (+) She had finished doing her homework before you came here
• (-)  She had not finished doing her homework before you came here
• (?)  had She finished doing her homework before you came here?

8. Past Perfect Continuous.

Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sudah terjadi pada masa lalu dan masih
berlangsung hingga waktu tertentu pada masa lampau.
Rumus
• (+) S + had + been + Ving
• (-)  S+had+not+been+Ving
• (?) had+S+been+Ving  
Contoh 
• (+) She had been playing badminton at 7 o’clock
• (-)  She had not been playing badminton at 7 o’clock
• (?) had She been playing badminton at 7 o’clock?
9. Simple Future.
Fungsinya:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan sederhana yang akan terjadi
Rumus
• (+) S + will + Verb1      
• (-)  S + will+ not + Verb1
• (?) Will + S + Verb1    
Contoh :
• (+) she will go to Bandung tomorrow
• (-)  she will not go to Bandung tomorrow
• (?)  will she go to Bandung tomorrow?

10. Future Continuous.

Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang terjadi pada masa yang akan datang.
Rumus
• (+) S + will + be + Verb ing        
• (-)  S+ will + not + be + Verb ing
• (?)  Will + S + be + Verb ing  
Contoh :
• (+)  he will be working tomorrow at 10 o’clock
• (-)  he will not be working tomorrow at 10 o’clock
• (?) will he be working tomorrow at 10 o’clock?

11. Future Perfect.

Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai di masa yang akan datang.
Rumus
• (+) S + will + have + V3          
• (-)  S + will + have + not + V3
• (?) Will + S + have + V3    
Contoh :
• She will have finished cooking at 10 o’clock
• (-)  She will not have finished cooking at 10 o’clock
• (?) will She  have finished cooking at 10 o’clock
12. Future Perfect Continuous.
Fungsi:
Menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah dimulai dan masih berlangsung namun
kejadiannya tidak sekarang tapi di masa depan.
Rumus
• (+) S+will+have+been+Ving
• (-)  S+will+have+not+been+Ving,
• (?) Will+S+have+been+Ving,
Contoh :
• (+) She will have been working at 10 o’clock
• (-)  She will not have been working at 10 o’clock
• (?) Will she have been working at 10 o’clock?

13. Past Future.

Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang akan dilakukandan akan selesai pada masa
lampau.
Rumus
• (+): S + would + Infinitive/Verb1
• (-): S + would + not + Infinitive/Verb1
• (?): Would + S + Infinitive/Verb1
Contoh :
• (+)she would finish washing if you didn’t come here.
• (-)she would not finish washing if you didn’t come here.
• (?)would she finish washing if you didn’t come here.

14. Past Future Continuous.

Fungsi:
 Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang akan sedang dilakukan di masa lampau.
Rumus
(+) S + would + be + Verb.ing  
(-)   S + would + not + be + Verb.ing
(?)  Would + S + be + Verb.ing      
Contoh :
(+)  she would be finish cooking if the stove is not broken
(-)  she would not be finish cooking if the stove is not broken
(?) would she be finish cooking if the stove is not broken
15. Past Future Perfect.
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang akan sudah selesai dilakukan pada masa
lampau.
Rumus
(+) S + would + have + been + V3      
(-)  S + would + not + have + been + V3
(?) Would +S+ have+ been+ V3
Contoh :
(+) This office would have been painted if all workers had came yesterday.
(-)  This office would not have been painted if all workers had came yesterday
(?) Would This office have been painted if all workers had came yesterday?

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous.

Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang mungkin akan telah dilakukan dan masih
dilakukan pada masa lalu.
Rumus
(+) S + would + have + been + V-ing      
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V-ing
(?) Would + S + have + been + V-ing?
Contoh :
(+) she would have been sleeping if the fan was not broken
(-) she would not have been sleeping if the fan was broken
(?) would she have been sleeping if the fan was broken ?