Unit 21: Editing Techniques

7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Editing Example Purpose/function of technique Effect on story and audience
technique

jump cut The function of a jump cut is
to speed up a scene, add
energy or communicate a
character’s felling to the
audience.
The purpose of the jump cut
in the modern example is to
create the disorientated and
chaotic state of mind of the
character in addition to this in
the modern example it creates
a faster paced feel to the
scene.
In the older example the
purpose of the jump cut is
mainly because of how new
the editing technique is, so it
was used more as a gimmick
than for any symbolic or
metaphoric reason.
We can see that since the
1960s the jump cut has
evolved from being used as a
gimmick to in the modern
example being used for more
metaphorical and symbolic
reasons.
The effect that the use of jump
cut has in the modern example
is that it makes the state of
mind of the character clear to
the audience and this has a
positive effect on the story
because it translates meaning
without having pointless
dialogue or narration. It also
makes the scene which is of the
character’s suicide go by at a
faster pace which makes it more
bearable for the audience.
In the older example the use of
the jump cut has no real effect
on the story for the audience it
may feel polarizing as it has no
meaning it is just used as a
gimmick.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
CUTTING The purpose of the editing
ON technique cutting on action in
ACTION both the modern and older
example is too make the
action set piece look more
streamlined and continuous in
addition to this it helps the
action become more engaging
and entertaining to the
audience and in addition to
this cutting on action is
effective in creating continuity
which therefore helps create
realism.
We can clearly see that
between 1977 and 2010 the
main thing that has changed
when it comes to the cutting
on action technique is that it
has become faster and more
streamlined.
graphic The purpose of the use of the
match editing technique graphic
match is that it is used to
match two visuals to create a
meaning or a visual metaphor.
More specifically the purpose
of graphic match in both
examples I have chosen is that
The effect that cutting on action
in both the modern and older
example is that it gives the
scene a faster paced feel and it
also more so for the older
example helps create tension as
it makes the fight scenes seem
more realistic as the way in
which it cuts makes the action
as I have said before seem
continuous.
The effect that cutting on action
has on the audience is that it
makes the action seem more
entertaining and fun to watch
and more engaging as it is easier
to follow as it does not break
continuity, for example in the
modern example from Iron-Man
2 the fight sequence with Black
Widow cuts in a very seamless
matter and we can still see all of
her actions.
The effect that the use of
graphic match has on the story
and audience is that it creates
meaning through symbolism.
For example, in the older
sequence I have chosen from
Psycho we see the blood drain
in the bath sink and then it cuts
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
it is used to create meanings
and links between characters
and objects through the
imagery used without the
hindrance of un needed
dialogue or exposition. It
could also be used as an
entertaining transition
between scenes.
The only way in which this has
changed between 1960 and
2008 is the quality in which
the edits are made for
example the modern example
is cut quickly and transitions
seamlessly whereas the older
example is at a slower pace
although it could be argued
that this helps the tension and
the emotional weight of the
scene.
to a close up of the dead
woman’s eye, this symbolises
the life draining out of her and
for the audience gives the scene
more weight as it creates
symbolism without needing
dialogue. In the modern
example graphic match, it is
mainly used not only as an
entertaining transition for
comedy or a light relief from
the overall serious subject
matter of the show but also, we
could argue that it creates a link
between the two characters for
the audience as we see the
husband reviewing the dripping
pipe and then we cut to the wife
picking up the tea.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
parallel The purpose of the use of parallel
editing editing is to show two separate
locations in the same scene to
link them together to create
meaning or to link them together
in order to reach the climax. In
the older example we can see
that the two separate locations
are being shown to us in order
for us to know that they will
eventually meet whereas the
more modern example we can
see that parallel editing is being
used in order to create tension
and intrigue.
The main difference between
the older example (1937) and the
more modern example of parallel
editing (1991) is that the older
example creates a link between
both places through not only cut
back and forth between the
locations but also through heavy
dialogue whereas the more
modern example does this with
very little dialogue and also
tricks the audience.
The effect that parallel editing
has on the story is that it creates
a link between the two events
or two people. For example, in
the older example from ‘Snow
White and The Seven Dwarfs’
we go between two locations
the house and the dwarfs work
place and there is a clear link
that is created between both
places through the dialogue so
the audience knows that at
some point they will eventually
meet and the conflict will come
to a climax.
In this scene from silence of the
lambs we see the FBI going into
one house which the audience
think is the killers home and we
see the main character going to
another house we cut back and
forth and it is eventually
revealed that it is vice versa
and the main character is at the
serial killers home and the
effect that this has on the story
and the audience is that it
changes the course of the story
as everything isn’t as clean as
the audience thought it would
be and this adds to the tension
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
of the scene and intrigues and
engages the audience.
Tonal The purpose of the tonal The effect that the tonal
Montage montage is that it is meant to montage has on the story in
create a tone and atmosphere both examples is that it
for the scene additionally it is effectively without having
meant to at times reflect how dialogue communicates to the
the characters in the scene audience the tone of the scene
are feeling as we can see in so whether the scene is happy,
the more modern example the sad, etc.
scenery, imagery and music The older example shows us
used expresses how the some shots of the ocean and
characters feel sad and are ships and playing over it is
grieving. sombre music and this
32-34 mins
There has been no real change communicates to the audience
in the use of tonal montage that this scene is or is setting up
between 1925 and 2009 as it a sad scene or is trying to create
is still used to convey the a sombre atmosphere.
emotions of the characters The modern example has again
without using dialogue or a sombre tone as we see shots
using very little dialogue. of the dark cloudy sky, the
school and students grieving
with little to no dialogue and
this is again done so that the
characters emotions and the
impact this has is it helps the
audience immerse themselves
in the scene and gives the
scene more emotional weight.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Metric The purpose of the metric
Montage montage is to build tension
and excitement and it also
uses pace to create mood.
As we can see in the modern
example edits are all the same
length but the use of close ups
and mid long shots and the
exciting music helps build
both the excitement and
tension, this also applies to
the older example as the
music and the edits help
emphasise the excitement and
tension of the race.
In this sense there has been
no drastic change in the use of
the metric montage in the
past and more recent example
as it is still used to build up
tension and excitement
through using music and
various close ups.
In both examples metric
montage is used to give the
scene a more exciting and
personal feel it really in these
cases has no effect on the story
other than it may subliminally
communicate to the audience
how important this event is but
other than that it does make the
scenes more engaging and
entertaining for the audience. In
the older example this is
archived through the use of
close ups and pan outs. In the
more modern example this is
achieved through a variety of
mid close up shots, and long
shots in addition to this the
music choice.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Slow The purpose of using slow
motion motion is that it is an
interesting and entertaining
visual choice but it also helps
build tension or make certain
events clearer to the
audience.
It was used famously in The
Matrix (1999) during the
famous bullet time scene.
The older example uses slow
motion to build tension and
suspense and the more
modern example uses slow
motion as not only as a more
interesting visual choice but
also to establish or highlight
the speed in which the main
character is thinking at.
In terms of the change that
has occurred in slow motion
between the older example
and the newer example there
has not been a drastic change
other than maybe the way in
which it is shot but the use of
the actual technique is still
used to capture the attention
of the audience and help
them see certain things in a
scene at a certain seen in
The effect that the use of slow
motion has on the story in
modern example is that is that it
helps develop the audience ‘s
understanding of the main
character. As we can see in the
scene Sherlock is in a brawl with
another fighter and we in this
scene see the fight unfold in
slow motion as he narrates his
technique to the audience and
the effect this has on the story is
that not only does the slow
motion help demonstrate his
skill it also helps establish that
his dominance as the main
character and for the purposes
of the story it helps establish to
the audience that he is a really
intellectually smart character
there for the audience would
become more accepting of him
as the main character.
The effect that the use of slow
motion has on the story and the
audience in terms of the older
example is that it helps build
tension and suspense as we do
not know what is going to
happen to cause the mass
hysteria additionally it helps
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
order for it to have a certain keep the audience engaged with
effect in terms of adding the story. In terms of how
more excitement or drama to modern audiences view the
a scene. technique I would say they
probably think this effect is
more cliché as since then it has
been used multiple times in
film and some might say in a
better way not that that it’s not
good in Carrie but that it was
just handled better as
technology improved over
time.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Intellectua The purpose of the use of an
l Montage intellectual montage is that
certain images or scenes are
cut together to create a
meaning that the audience
can pick up inferences from.
For example, in the modern
sequence we can see that the
scenes that are taking place in
the church represent religion,
purity which we can infer is
how normal people see him
and the assassination
locations represent his true
identity. The older example is
just used to give a blunter
visual metaphor of people
flocking like sheep. The way in
which we can say this editing
technique has changed in the
time between the older and
newer example is that it has
been used to convey more
symbolic and deeper meaning.
The effect the use of the
intellectual montage has on the
story Is that through images it
and little or no dialogue it gives
meaning for the audience to
interpret. For example, in the
older sequence I have chosen
we see a flock of sheep walking
out quickly and then we cut to
people walking out of a factory
and the effect this has on the
story is that the audience could
infer that the people are like
sheep in the way they move or
that that they are like sheep in
the way that they think.
Whereas in the modern
example we see the main
character in a church having his
baby baptised as we cut to
numerous people being
assassinated and through the
juxtaposition of the church and
the cross representing purity
and then cutting to people
being killed and guns and
violence the audience can infer
that maybe the main character
is more of a villain and this
would put the story into a
different perspective for the
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
The purpose of following the
Following 180- degree line rule is to
& help the audience follow the
Breaking scene easily from one
the 180- perspective that never fully
degree change.
rule
The purpose the use of
breaking the 180-degree line
rule is to create a feeling of
confusion and disorientation
to the audience and also used
to create different meaning to
a scene. For example, as this
scene from ‘The Shining’ does
by cutting behind and in front
of the character to create the
disorientated and confusing
felling to this scene and cast
doubt on whether the
character of Jack is of sound
mental state.
In terms of a change in the
way the editing techniques
are used between the
modern and older examples
there is virtually very little
change as the rule is followed
to create continuity in both
audience.
The effect the use of following
the 180- degree line rule has on
the story in this scene from
‘Heat’ is that it makes the story
as a whole more engaging as
the scene dose not try to
distract or pull the audience
out through camera work it
keeps continuity through
keeping us in their & around
their eye lines and the camera
simply goes back and forth
between these two characters
as they speak and thus keeps
the audience’s focus on the
conversation.
The effect the use of breaking
the 180-degree rule has on the
story Is that it gives the scene a
more confusing and disorienting
feel. For example, in the
sequence I have chosen from
The Shining (1980) we can see
that by this point the main
character Jack has become more
unstable and insane and we see
him in the bath room talking to
a worker of the hotel and the
use of breaking the 180-degree
rule gives the scene a more
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
examples and it is broken to disorientated and confusing feel
give the audience a cue that and this communicates to the
the scene is becoming intense audience not only the state in
or to emphasise or make which Jack is in mentally but
clear a characters emotion. also that this person he is
talking to may not even be real.
This scene from the Joker both
follows and breaks the 180-
degree line rule. For the
majority of the scene follows
180-degree line rule this is
probably to keep continuity
and to almost put us in the
audience’s perspective as if we
are watching a talk show and
this adds to the realism of the
scene but later on in this clip
the 180-degree rule is broken
and this is done latter on in the
conversation when the
character of ‘Joker’ is becoming
more agitated and deranged
and the breaking of the 180
degree rule helps emphasise
this as it gives us a different
perspective on the scene and in
this case brings us closer to his
character and this helps
communicate to the audience
the emotions of the character
and the change of tone in terms
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
L-Cut The purpose of the L cut is
that it is when dialogue from
one scene over laps into the
other. In the modern example
it is used to be able to deliver
exposition without holding up
the film and this helps keep
the pacing of the film quick
and consistent. The older
example also uses the L cut in
order to keep the pacing of
the scene quick and to make it
clear that he is addressing the
audience.
The main difference between
both examples is that
because during the older
sequence the L cut was new
and unique at the time in the
modern example the L cut is
not as impactful as it is in the
older sequence as it has been
used multiple times since
then and it has become
common place so it might not
be as impactful or unique to
some audiences.
of the scene.
The effect of the use of the L cut
has on the story is that it allows
the scene to have more context
without having to stay in the
same scene or it may even be
used to keep the pace of the
story consistent. For example, in
the older sequence we see a
man on stage getting ready to
perform and then we cut to the
audience and we can still hear
him talking to them even
though he is not in the shot, the
effect this has on the story and
audience is that it helps keep
the pacing of the story
consistent and the audience
engaged. In the modern
sequence we go from a speech
from one character and then we
cut to the other character
suiting up and getting ready for
his first flight but the speech is
still heard in the background
even though he is no longer in
the shot or on screen, the effect
this has on the story is that it
gives the scene more emotional
weight and makes the scene
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
J-cut The purpose of the J cut is
when sounds begin to grow
off camera, then the camera
cuts to the shot to give us
context for the sound and this
is done to at times put the
audience in the character’s
position during the scene, as
we discover things at the
same rate as the character or
it is to reveal certain things to
the audience at a certain point
in time.
The difference in terms of
how the J cut is used between
both scenes is that in the
older example it is used to
give the scene more
atmosphere and to keep the
audience engaged by having
us here what is going to
happen while we can still see
the character instead of
cutting away from him
whereas in the newer
example it is used as more of
a transition rather than
information for something
occurring in the scene.
more exciting for the audience.
The effect of the use of the J cut
has on the story is that it gives a
more realistic feel for the scene
and the audience would be
more in the shoes of the
character. For example, in the
sequence I have chosen from
‘Raiders of the Lost Ark’ we see
the character start to walk away
and we hear the rubble fall then
we cut to the rocks starting to
fall down the effect this has on
the story and audience is that it
creates a more immersive feel
to the scene and it puts the
audience in the character’s
shoes as we are finding out at
the same time as the character.
The other example from ‘wolf
of wall street’ use the l cut to
transition us from scene to
scene as we go through one
location to the other and in this
case the effect the use of J cut
has on the story is that it keeps
a steady pace to the scene and
almost feels like one
continuous scene and the effect
this has on the audience is that
it keeps them engaged with
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
the story and the reason I say
this is because the fact that the
J cut was used here gives the
implication that these two
scenes are linked and instead of
an abrupt fade to black which
would have disengaged the
audience the editor instead
went with this to give the
feeling of a seamless transition.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Split The purpose of split screen is
Screen to show us two events
happening simultaneously and
this is to show us the
relationships between both
locations. The purpose of the
use of split screen in both
examples is that it helps show
two different places at the
same time.
The way in which this
technique is used has not
really changed over time
between both examples as
split screen is still used to
show us two different scenes
or location on the screen
simultaneously in order to
make the scene feel bigger or
more immersive for the
audience.
The effect of the use of split
screen has on the story is that it
helps the audience be more
engaged with the scene or even
allow them to select what they
want to view from the scene
almost as if they are the editor,
and in terms of story it allows us
to see to events happening at
the same time in order keep the
pacing of the scene quick. In the
older example we see a
character watching a race take
place and then we see multiple
images of people who are racing
and the horses, etc. This
emulates the excitement
watching a race which as to the
realism in this scene and is
engaging to the audience. In the
modern example we see a
character trying to solve a
problem with a device and as he
is manually trying to fix it we see
on the split screen a computer
showing the danger levels are
high, the use of split screen here
helps build more tension in the
scene and helps the audience
have a better understanding of
the stakes and danger of the
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Cut away The purpose of the cut away is
to highlight something that is
spoken about or to draw the
1.00 – 1.06 audience’s attention away
from the main focus of the
scene and this can be done to
achieve a certain tonal effect.
The purpose of the cut away
in this scene from ‘American
Werewolf in London’ is that it
is used not only to give the
audience a break from this
transformation scene but also
because it gives the scene a
comedic tone.
The purpose of cut away in is
scene from ‘Eternal sunshine
of the spotless mind’ is to
take us away from one
location and to another.
Looking at both examples we
can see that cut away is still
1.55-2.06
used to achieve a tonal effect
in both past and present
examples.
scene.
The effect of the use of cut away
has on the story and audience is
that it helps put the audience’s
attention on something else in
the same scene or location. For
example, in the scene I have
chosen from ‘American
Werewolf in London’ we can see
this horrific transformation take
place and the scene is for some
intense and hard to watch but
we then cut away to a Mickey
Mouse toy and this not only
juxtaposes with what is
happening in the scene but it is
used for comedic effect also and
to give the audience a break
from the intensity of the scene
which the effect it has on the
audience but in this example
there is a slight example on the
story which is that it may
highlight the more comedic
tone of the story.
The effect the use of cut away
has on the story and the
audience in this clip of ‘Eternal
sunshine of the spotless mind’
is that it helps emphasise the
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
characters emotions and how
he is feeling to the audience as
we are in his mind where we
can see him shouting and in
distress but then we cut back to
the apartment where he is
unable to move as he’s
memories are being wiped but
we can see he is clearly in
distress and on the verge of
tears but he is unable to do
anything and this gives the
audience more of an
understanding of the scene and
how helpless the main
character is and also gives this
scene and the story more
emotional weight.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Cut in The purpose of cut in is to
show the audience what the
character is looking at or
talking about by cutting in on
it and this would help give the
scene more context and
meaning as it expands on
what the scene has already
established. The purpose of
the use of cut in during this
scene is that it helps the
audience know what the
character is looking at.
There has been no change in
the way that this technique is
used in both examples.
The reason why finding older
examples was a problem is
because it would have been
harder to achieve this edit in
the past due to things such as
equipment such as cameras
being heavier, this can be
seen in the older example I
eventually found we can see
the cut in looks more rough
and not as smooth as the
modern ones.
The effect of the use of cut in
from this scene from ‘Iron-Man
2’ has on the story is that it
helps give the audience more
context on the scene and what
is taking place. For example, in
the scene I have chosen we can
see the character looking at
something and then we cut in to
a close up of the device that he
is using the effect this has on
the scene is that it helps engage
the audience with what is going
on and helps put us (the
audience) in the position of the
main character and this also has
an effect on the story as it puts
context to the scene.
The effect that this edit has on
the story in this scene from
‘Batman Begins’ is that it gives
us more context as we see
what is being talked about in
the scene as well as positions
us in the perspective of the
main character and this
engages the audience with the
story.
In this scene from ‘The
Terminator (1984)’ we can see
that cut in is used to show off
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Dissolve The purpose of the editing
technique dissolve is that it
can be used to indicate the
state of mind of character and
to showcase a moderate jump
in time, it also at times creates
an almost dreamlike,
disorientated atmosphere
with the scene. The purpose
of the dissolve editing
technique in the older
example is that it creates an
almost disorientated and
dazed atmosphere to this
death scene and this creates
the feeling that the scene is
almost not real and a dream.
The purpose of the use of
dissolve in the modern
example is that it helps
transition the scene smoothly
and also it helps show the
this practical effect which
would have been impressive at
the time and Is supposed to
impress the audience but the
effect I that it has on the story
is it emphasises the terminator
being a machine which helps
dehumanize him and cement
him as the antagonist.
The effect that the use of the
dissolve transition has on the
story in the older example is
that it helps create a link
between the two images we see
and it also helps create an
almost dream like atmosphere
to the scene as the audience
spends a majority of the
beginning of the film following
the character who is murdered
so this death is very shocking
and this transition helps
emphasise the surreal feeling of
the scene. The use of the
dissolve transition in the more
modern example has no effect
on the story but it does help the
audience see the passage of
time between the scenes.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
jump in time between both
scenes.
As we can see between both
techniques the use of the
dissolve edit looks smoother
and less rough and this is the
main way in which this
editing technique has
changed over time.
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Wipe The purpose of the editing The use of the wipe transition
technique is to help the scene has no real effect on the story in
have a smooth and seamless the older example, it is just used
transition and to help keep as an entertaining visual
the pace of the scene feel transition for the audience. On
consistent. The earliest known the other hand, the use of the
example of a wipe was in wipe transition for the modern
George Albert Smith's film example has somewhat of an
Mary Jane's Mishap of 1903 effect on the story as it helps
but arguably the most known show us the passage of time
or most famous use of this between scenes and this may
technique is in the Star Wars help show the scope of the
films, it is also notable that scene that is taking place or the
throughout the years even story itself as it emphasises that
the newer Star Wars films time is passing between scenes
and now T.V. shows (The and this helps add realism,
Mandalorian) maintain the other than that it could be said
same overall editing that it helps the audience create
technique and the wipe is a clear distinction between the
present in these properties. times in the scene.
The purpose of the wipe
editing technique in the older
example is that it is used as a
visually entertaining transition
from the opening credits to
the beginning of the film. The
purpose of the wipe editing
technique in the modern
example is that it is not only
used as an entertaining visual
transition but it also is used to
Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
signal the difference in the
time of day as it wipes in a
clockwise manner to signify
the change in time.
Overall the wipe is still mainly
used as a transition between
scenes.
Eye Line Match The purpose of eye line In terms of the effects the
match is to put the audience use of eye line match has
in the position of the on the story and audience
Unit 21: Editing Techniques protagonist of the scene so in this scene from ‘Joker’ is
7/10/2019 it is as if we are looking that the use of the eye line
Assignment 1a from their eyes. The match while he is being
Editing techniques in film & TV purpose of the use of the attacked almost places the
Name: Omar Rasoul eye line match edit in both audience into the
Freeze The purpose
these of the to
clips is simply editing
as I The effectof
perspective that
thethe use of freeze
Frame technique freeze frame is to frame
have said before to position character and this has on the story in the
focus
the the audience’s
audience with theattention establishes
older example him asisthethat it helps
on a specific
character. part of the scene. make it clear to
protagonist of the scene the audience
The first known use
There has been really no of the and also positions the is taking
that the narration that
freeze in
change frame
terms editing
of the place isinreferencing
audience a way in which the main
technique was in
purpose of this editing director will help them infer that so it’s
character George and
Alfred Hitchcock's
technique over time1928and film thispurpose is to takes
killing that clarifyplace
the
Champagne. The
how it is used or has beenpurpose of narration. The effect
is justified, this is further the use of
used as it is still used to give emphasised as throughoutstory of
freeze frame in the older freeze frame has on the
usexample is to stop the scene all the
the character’s the more
othermodern
kills thatexample
the is
on a specific image
perspective and to positionthat that it ends the
character of Arthur Fleck film on an
relates to the narration
the audience with certain that is important orfor
is responsible powerful
in the image
taking place. The purpose of film
characters. thetheeffect this match
eye line has on the
the freeze frame in the more edit audience
is not used andit this
is that may give the
modern example is that it is probably scene more emotional
to help the weight.
used to the end the scene and audience distinguish which
the film as a whole on a parts in the film we should
powerful or important image. side with Arthur.
Freeze frame is different In the older example from
between both examples as it Rear Window the effect
is used to end one film in the that eye line match has on
modern example and to beginthe story is that it helps
another in the older example.move the plot along as it
gives context to the scene
as it shows us what the
character is looking at and
the whole plot is about
what this character see’s
outside his window and in
this sense we are being
given a view from his
perspective.

Most Forms of Editing

Unit 21: Editing Techniques
7/10/2019
Assignment 1a
Editing techniques in film & TV
Name: Omar Rasoul
Guide:

Purposes of editing techniques:

 manipulate time, including speed up, slow down, compress time, stretch time
 flashbacks, flash forwards, e.g. to fit a specified running time
 control the perception of space to create a logical and believable space between characters or objects not sharing the same shot
 controlling rhythm and pace to control the flow of the production

Functions of editing techniques:

1. create narrative –
 creating motivation to further the narrative (motivated editing)
 development of drama
 providing and withholding information
2. create continuity between shots (continuity editing) –
 following the action
 changing location
 changing timeframe, including use of flashbacks

3. create audience reaction and engage the viewer

 creating suspense
 creating pace

4. create meaning

 juxtaposing elements within editing

 creating empathy with a character
 creating bias in fiction or documentary editing.