ES NOTES 08/20/2020 MODULE 0 AND MODULE 1

MODULE 0

Statics of Rigid Bodies (ES 1-Engineering Sciences)

Differential and Integral Calculus

Fundamentals of mechanics
Application Static Equilibrium vector representation of forces and movements.

Utilizing equilibrium equations to solve for support reactions and synthesizing practical applications
related to architecture.
Isaac Newton’s 3 laws of motion

MODULE 1

Fundamental Concepts and Definitions, Force and Force Systems

Fundamental Concepts

Mechanics – science which describes and predicts the conditions of rest or motion of bodies

Categories of Mechanics:

Rigid Bodies > Statics, Dynamics

Deformable Bodies

Fluids

Mechanics is an applied science.

Length – needed to locate the position of a point in place. Distance is described in terms of a
standard unit of length. (SI meter; foot)

Space – associated with the notion of the position of a point P given in terms of three
coordinates measured from a reference point or orgin (x,y,z)

Time – definition of an event requires specification of the time and position at which it
occurred (SI second)

Mass – used to characterize and compare bodies, e.g. response to earth’s gravitational
attraction and resistance to changes in translational motion (SI äkg; slug)

Force – represents the action of one body on another. A force is characterized by its point of
application, magnitude, and direction, i.e. a force is a vector quantity (SI N;lb)

Units
Conversion of Units
Weight of a body

The weight of a body, or force of gravity exerted on that body, should also be expressed in
Newton (Weight is a Force!)
Classification of Forces on Rigid Bodies

1. External force on a body is a force generated outside the body.

2. Internal force on a body is a force generated inside the body (to keep the body together)

3. Applied force is an external force on the body that tries to change the state of movement of
the body. Ex. The force with which the earth attracts a person (weight)
 4. Reaction fore is an external force that inhibits change in the state of movement of a body
when acted on by an applied force.

5. Distributed force is a force density (i.e. N/m)

Free Body Diagrams

1st step of solving is to draw the Freebody diagram.

External forces are shown in a free-body diagram.
FORCE SYSTEMS

According to Line of Action

1. Concurrent Forces – forces whose lines of action pass through a common point

2. Parallel Forces – forces whose lines of actions are parallel

 3. Non-concurrent forces – forces whose lines of actions are neither parallel nor
intersect in a point (ONLY SEEN IN 3D SPACE)

Fundamental Principles

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

1ST Law: If the resultant force on a particle is zero, the particle will remain at
rest or continue to move in a straight line

2nd Law: A particle will have an acceleration proportional to a nonzero

resultant applied force (F ma; W mg)

3rd Law: The forces of action and reaction between two particles have the
same magnitude and line of action with opposite sense

PRINCIPLE OF TRANSMISSIBILITY

The external effect of a force on a body is the same for all points of
application along its line of action
 Moving the point of application of the force F to the rear bumper does not
affect the motion or the other forces acting on the truck.

Method of Problem and Solution