Numere complexe

i 2  1 i 4k  1

z  a  bi  r (cos t  i sin t )

r a 2  b2

t  C1  k  0 a t  C 2 ; C3  k  1
t  arctg  kt  C  k  2
b 4

t  2k t  2k
n
z  n r (cos  i sin )
n n

z n  r n (cos nt  i sin nt )

Teorema împărţirii cu rest

D R
C
Î Î

Sume
n(n  1)
S1  1  2  3  .......... ....  n 
2
n ( n  1)  (2n  1)
S 2  12  2 2  32  .........  n 2 
6
[n(n  1)]2
S3  13  23  33  .......... .  n 3 
4
 Relaţiile lui Viėte
ax 3  bx 2  cx  d

b
S1  x1  x2  x3 
a
c
S 2 x1 x2  x1 x3  x2 x3 
a
d
S3  x1 x2 x3 
a

Ecuaţii reciproce

1. de gradul III
ax 3  bx 2  bx  a  0

2. de gradul IV
ax 4  bx 3  cx 2  dx  e
ax 4  bx 3  cx 2  bx  a  0 / : x 2
b a
ax 2  bx  c   2  0
x x
1 1 b
a (Sx12 x1 2) x2b( xx
3  x
) 4 c  0
x x a
c
S 2  ( x1  x2 )  ( x3  x4 )  x1 x2  x3 x4 
a
d
S3  x1 x2 ( x3  x4 )  x3 x4 ( x1  x2 ) 
a
e
S 4  x1  x2  x3  x4 
a
- se notează
1 1
x  y  x2  2  y2  2
x x
Ec.binoame şi bipătrate:
xn  a  0

ax 2 n  bx n  c  0, x n  y 
ay 2  by  c  0