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CH 03
CH 03
Descriptive Statistics
69
Descriptive Statistics 39
C 1. Statistical measures used to yield information about the middle of a group of
numbers are called _______.
E A. averages
Term B. measures of variability
C. measures of central tendency
D. Z scores
E A. mean
Term B. median
C. variance
D. mode
39
70 Test Bank
A 3. The most frequently occurring value in a set of data is called the _______.
E A. mode
Term B. mean
C. median
D. coefficient of variation
E A. mode
Term B. mean
C. median
D. coefficient of variation
E A. standard deviation
Term B. mean
C. median
D. coefficient of variation
E A. nominal
Term B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
E A. nominal
Term B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
E A. nominal
Term B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 71
C 9. The middle value in an ordered array of numbers is called the _______.
E A. mode
Term B. mean
C. median
D. coefficient of variation
E A. mode
Term B. mean
C. median
D. variance
C 11. The Greek letter usually refers to the _______.
M A. variance
Term B. standard deviation
C. mean absolute deviation
D. average deviation
A 16. The sum of deviations about the arithmetic mean is always equal to _______.
E A. zero
Term B. the variance
C. the mean absolute deviation
D. the standard deviation
C 17. The average of the squared deviations from the arithmetic mean is called the
_______.
M A. standard deviation
Term B. mean absolute deviation
C. variance
D. coefficient of variation
B 18. The sample variance is found by taking the square root of _______.
E A. nominal
Term B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
B 20. The lowest appropriate level of measurement for the Interquartile Range is
_________.
E A. nominal
Term B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 73
D 21. The number of standard deviations that a value (X) is above or below the mean is
the _________________.
M A. absolute deviation
Term B. coefficient of variation
C. interquartile range
D. Z score
D 22. If the mean of a distribution is greater than the median, then the distribution is
______.
M A. not skewed
Term B. symmetrical about its mean
C. skewed to the left
D. skewed to the right
C 23. If the median of a distribution is greater than mean, then the distribution is
_________.
M A. not skewed
Term B. symmetrical about its mean
C. skewed to the left
D. skewed to the right
B 25. The five numbers used to construct a box and whisker plot are _______.
M A. the mean, standard deviation, Q1, Q3, and the coefficient of variation
Term B. Q1, Q2, Q3, the least value of X, and the largest value of X
C. the mean, standard deviation, least value of X, largest value of X, and Q 2
D. the coefficient of variation, IQR, mean, Q2, and mean absolute deviation
M A. standard deviation
Term B. interquartile range
C. mean absolute deviation
D. coefficient of dispersion
74 Test Bank
A 27. The empirical rule says that approximately what percentage of the values would
be within 2 standard deviations of the mean in a bell shaped set of data?
M A. 95%
Term B. 68%
C. 50%
D. almost all
B 28. The empirical rule says that approximately what percentage of the values would
be within 1 standard deviation of the mean in a bell shaped set of data?
M A. 95%
Term B. 68%
C. 50%
D. almost all
A 29. Chebyshev's Theorem says that how many values will be within 2 standard
deviations of the mean?
H A. at least 75%
Calc B. at least 68%
C. at least 95%
D. at least 89%
D 30. Chebyshev's Theorem says that the number of values within 3 standard deviations
of the mean will be _______.
M A. at least 75%
Calc B. at least 68%
C. at least 95%
D. at least 89%
B 31. A statistics student made the following grades on 5 tests: 84, 78, 88, 78, and 72.
What is the mean grade?
M A. 78
Calc B. 80
C. 72
D. 84
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 75
C 32. A statistics student made the following grades on 5 tests: 84, 78, 88, 72, and 72.
What is the median grade?
M A. 88
Calc B. 72
C. 78
D. 80
A 33. A statistics student made the following grades on 5 tests: 84, 78, 88, 78, and 82.
What is the mode?
E A. 78
Calc B. 80
C. 88
D. 84
D 34. A commuter travels many miles to work each morning. She has timed this trip 5
times during the last month. The time (in minutes) required to make this trip was
34, 39, 41, 35, and 41. The mean time required for this trip was _______.
M A. 35
Calc B. 41
C. 37.5
D. 38
A 35. A commuter travels many miles to work each morning. She has timed this trip 5
times during the last month. The time (in minutes) required to make this trip was
34, 39, 41, 35, and 41. The median time required for this trip was _______.
M A. 39
Calc B. 41
C. 37.5
D. 38
B 36. A commuter travels many miles to work each morning. She has timed this trip 5
times during the last month. The time (in minutes) required to make this trip was
34, 39, 41, 35, and 41. The modal time required for this trip was _______.
E A. 39
Calc B. 41
C. 37.5
D. 38
B 37. A commuter travels many miles to work each morning. She has timed this trip 5
times during the last month. The time (in minutes) required to make this trip was
76 Test Bank
44, 39, 41, 35, and 41. The mean time required for this trip was 40 minutes.
What is the variance for this sample data?
H A. 8.8
Calc B. 11
C. 0
D. 3
A 38. A commuter travels many miles to work each morning. She has timed this trip 5
times during the last month. The time (in minutes) required to make this trip was
44, 39, 41, 35, and 41. The mean time required for this trip was 40 minutes.
What is the standard deviation for this sample data?
H A. 3.32
Calc B. 2.97
C. 1.73
D. 11
D 39. A commuter travels many miles to work each morning. She has timed this trip 5
times during the last month. The time (in minutes) required to make this trip was
44, 39, 41, 35, and 41. The mean time required for this trip was 40 minutes.
What is the mean absolute deviation for this sample data?
H A. 0
Calc B. 12
C. 3
D. 2.4
M A. 3
BCalc B. 2
C. 5.5
D. 4
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 77
B 41. Abel Alonzo, Director of Human Resources, is exploring employee absenteeism
at the Batesville Bottling during the last operating year. A sample of six
personnel records produced the following data: 0, 2, 4, 7, 2, 9.
The modal number absences per employee is ____________.
E A. 3
BCalc B. 2
C. 5.5
D. 4
M A. 3
BCalc B. 2
C. 5.5
D. 4
H A. 11.6
BCalc B. 9.67
C. 3.41
D. 3.11
H A. 11.6
BCalc B. 9.67
C. 3.41
D. 3.11
78 Test Bank
A 45. The mean life of a particular brand of light bulb is 1000 hours and the standard
deviation is 50 hours. It can be concluded that at least 75% of the bulbs will last
between _______.
C 46. The mean life of a particular brand of light bulb is 1000 hours and the standard
deviation is 50 hours. It can be concluded that at least 89% of the bulbs will last
between _______.
B 47. The mean life of a particular brand of light bulb is 1000 hours and the standard
deviation is 50 hours. Tests show that the life of the bulb is approximately
normally distributed. It can be concluded that approximately 68% of the bulbs
will last between _______.
A 48. Jessica Salas, president of Salas Products, is reviewing the warranty policy for her
company's new model of automobile batteries. Life tests performed on a sample
of 100 batteries indicated: (1) an average life of 75 months, (2) a standard
deviation of 5 months, and (3) battery life is approximately normally distributed.
Approximately 68% of the batteries will last between ________________.
M A. 70 and 80 months
BCalc B. 60 and 90 months
C. 65 and 85 months
D. 55 and 95 months
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 79
C 49. Jessica Salas, president of Salas Products, is reviewing the warranty policy for her
company's new model of automobile batteries. Life tests performed on a sample
of 100 batteries indicated: (1) an average life of 75 months, (2) a standard
deviation of 5 months, and (3) battery life is approximately normally distributed.
Approximately 95% of the batteries will last between ________________.
M A. 70 and 80 months
BCalc B. 60 and 90 months
C. 65 and 85 months
D. 55 and 95 months
B 50. Jessica Salas, president of Salas Products, is reviewing the warranty policy for her
company's new model of automobile batteries. Life tests performed on a sample
of 100 batteries indicated: (1) an average life of 75 months, (2) a standard
deviation of 5 months, and (3) battery life is approximately normally distributed.
Approximately 99% of the batteries will last between ________________.
M A. 70 and 80 months
BCalc B. 60 and 90 months
C. 65 and 85 months
D. 55 and 95 months
C 51. Jessica Salas, president of Salas Products, is reviewing the warranty policy for her
company's new model of automobile batteries. Life tests performed on a sample
of 100 batteries indicated: (1) an average life of 75 months, (2) a standard
deviation of 5 months, and (3) battery life is approximately normally distributed.
What percentage of the batteries will fail within the first 65 months of use?
H A. 0.5%
BCalc B. 1%
C. 2.5%
D. 5%
B 52. The average starting salary for graduates at a university is $25,000 with a
standard deviation of $2,000. If a histogram of the data shows the it takes on a
mound shape, the empirical rule says that approximately 95% of the graduates
would have a starting salary between _______.
A 53. The average starting salary for graduates at a university is $25,000 with a
standard deviation of $2,000. If a histogram of the data shows the it takes on a
80 Test Bank
mound shape, the empirical rule says that approximately 68% of the graduates
would have a starting salary between _______.
A 54. The average starting salary for graduates at a university is $25,000 with a
standard deviation of $2,000. A histogram of the data shows the shape to be very
erratic so Chebyshev's Theorem should be used. How many of the graduates
would have a starting salary between 21,000 and 29,000?
H A. at least 75%
BCalc B. at least 89%
C. at least 68%
D. at least 95%
B 55. The average starting salary for graduates at a university is $25,000 with a
standard deviation of $2,000. A histogram of the data shows the shape to be very
erratic so Chebyshev's Theorem should be used. How many of the graduates
would have a starting salary between 19,000 and 31,000?
H A. at least 75%
BCalc B. at least 89%
C. at least 68%
D. at least 95%
B 56. The ages of students in a class have been put into the frequency distribution
below.
Age Number of Students
18 3
19 5
20 28
21 4
What is the average age of these students?
M A. 19.50
Calc B. 19.85
C. 20.00
D. 28.00
B 57. The ages of students in a class have been put into the frequency distribution
below.
Age Number of Students
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 81
18 3
19 5
20 28
21 4
What is the standard deviation for this (population) set of data?
H A. 0.494
Calc B. 0.703
C. 1.12
D. 1.25
D 58. The ages of students in a class have been put into the frequency distribution
below.
Age Number of Students
18 3
19 5
20 28
21 4
What is the median age of these students?
M A. 18
Calc B. 19
C. 19.5
D. 20
C 59. The ages of students in a class have been put into the frequency distribution
below.
Age Number of Students
18 3
19 5
20 28
21 4
What is the modal age of these students?
E A. 18
Calc B. 19
C. 20
D. 21
82 Test Bank
A 60. The mean, median, and mode for the following set of data are all the same value
(20). Data: 18, 19, 20, 20, 21, 22. If the highest number were changed from 22
to 322, which of the following would be most affected?
M A. mean
App B. median
C. mode
D. sample size
C 61. In its Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios, Dun & Bradstreet reported that
Q1, Q2, and Q3 for 577 motorcycle dealers' current ratios were 1.3, 1.6 and 2.9,
respectively. From this we can conclude that __________________.
M A. 68% of these dealers had current ratios between 1.3 and 2.9
BApp B. 95% of these dealers had current ratios between 1.3 and 2.9
C. 50% of these dealers had current ratios between 1.3 and 2.9
D. 75% of these dealers had current ratios between 1.3 and 2.9
H A. 20
Calc B. 25
C. 29
D. 30
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 83
C 63. An instructor is evaluating the performance of students on a test. He records the
number of points that each student missed and created a frequency distribution.
This is provided below:
Points missed Number of students
0-under 10 2
10-under 20 4
20-under 30 10
30-under 40 8
40-under 50 6
What is the variance for this population?
H A. 11.43
Calc B. 135.17
C. 130.67
D. 200
D 64. In its Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios, Dun & Bradstreet reported that
Q1, Q2, and Q3 for 577 motorcycle dealers' current ratios were 1.3, 1.6 and 2.9,
respectively. From this we can conclude that __________________.
H A. 11.43
Calc B. 14.14
C. 11.63
D. 135.17
H A. 11.43
Calc B. 14.14
C. 11.63
D. 135.17
A 68. Pinky Bauer, Chief Financial Officer of Harrison Haulers, Inc., suspects
irregularities in the payroll system, and orders an inspection of "each and every
payroll voucher issued since January 1, 1993." Each payroll voucher was
inspected and the following frequency distribution was compiled.
Errors Per Voucher Number of Vouchers
0-under 2 500
2-under 4 400
4-under 6 300
6-under 8 200
8-under 10 100
The mean number of errors per voucher is __________.
H A. 3.67
BCalc B. 5
C. 750
D. 300
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 85
A 69. Pinky Bauer, Chief Financial Officer of Harrison Haulers, Inc., suspects
irregularities in the payroll system, and orders an inspection of "each and every
payroll voucher issued since January 1, 1993." Each payroll voucher was
inspected and the following frequency distribution was compiled.
Errors Per Voucher Number of Vouchers
0-under 2 500
2-under 4 400
4-under 6 300
6-under 8 200
8-under 10 100
The distribution of errors per voucher is __________.
C 70. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
refrigerators are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 10 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 0, 4, 4, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 2, 7. What is the
mean daily sales?
M A. 2
BCalc B. 4
C. 3.2
D. 10
C 71. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
refrigerators are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 10 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3, 5, 5, 2, 5. What is the
median daily sales?
M A. 3.5
BCalc B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
86 Test Bank
D 72. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
refrigerators are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 10 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 0, 4, 4, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 2, 7. The mode of
data set is ______.
E A. 3.5
BCalc B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
B 73. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
televisions are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 5 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 2, 4, 5, 2, 7. What is the mean for this set
of data?
E A. 2
BCalc B. 4
C. 5
D. 4.5
A 74. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
televisions are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 5 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 2, 4, 5, 2, 7. What is the mode for this set
of data?
E A. 2
BCalc B. 4
C. 5
D. 4.5
A 75. In its Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios, Dun & Bradstreet reported that
Q1, Q2, and Q3 for 577 motorcycle dealers' current ratios were 1.3, 1.6 and 2.9,
respectively. From this we can conclude that __________________.
M A. 2
BCalc B. 0
C. 2.12
D. 4.5
B 77. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
televisions are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 5 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 2, 4, 5, 2, 7. What is the variance for this
set of sample data?
M A. 4
BCalc B. 4.5
C. 2
D. 0
B 78. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
televisions are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 5 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 2, 4, 5, 2, 7. What is the median for this
set of data?
E A. 2
BCalc B. 4
C. 5
D. 4.5
C 79. A sales manager has sampled past sales records to determine how many
televisions are sold each day. Daily records for a sample of 5 days have been
selected. The sales on these days are: 2, 4, 5, 2, 7. What is the mean absolute
deviation for this set of data?
M A. 0
BCalc B. 2
C. 1.6
D. 4
88 Test Bank
D 80. Consider the following 3 numbers: 10, 20, 30. In calculating measures of central
tendency and variability for this set of data, which of the following is true?
M A. you can calculate the mean only if you know if this is a sample or a
population
App B. you can calculate the median only if you know if this is a sample or a
population
C. you can calculate the mode only if you know if this is a sample or a
population
D. you can calculate the variance only if you know if this is a sample or a
population
C 81. Liz Chapa manages a portfolio of 250 common stocks. Her staff compiled the
following performance statistics for two new stocks.
Rate of Return
Stock Standard Deviation
Salas Products, Inc. 5%
Hot Boards, Inc. 5%
The coefficient of variation for Salas Products, Inc. is __________.
E A. 300%
BCalc B. 100%
C. 33%
D. 5%
B 82. The following box and whisker plot was constructed for the age of accounts
receivable.
The box and whisker plot reveals that the accounts receivable ages are _______.
The box and whisker plot reveals that the accounts receivable ages are _______.
A 84. The following frequency distribution was constructed for the age of accounts
receivable.
The frequency distribution reveals that the accounts receivable ages are _______.
B 85. The following frequency distribution was constructed for the age of accounts
receivable.
The frequency distribution reveals that the accounts receivable ages are _______.
B 86. Liz Chapa manages a portfolio of 250 common stocks. Her staff compiled the
following performance statistics for two new stocks.
Rate of Return
90 Test Bank
Stock Standard Deviation
Salas Products, Inc. 5%
Hot Boards, Inc. 5%
The coefficient of variation for Salas Products, Inc. is __________.
B 91. Manuel Banales, Marketing Director of Plano Power Plants, Inc.’s Electrical
Division, is leading a study to assess the relative importance of product features.
Two items on a survey questionnaire distributed to 100 of Plano’s customers
asked them to rate the importance of “ease of maintenance” and “efficiency of
operation” on a scale of 1 to 10 (with 1 meaning “not important” and 10 meaning
“highly important”). His staff assembled the following statistics on these two
items.
Ease of Maintenance Efficiency of Operation
Mean 7.5 6.0
Median 8.5 5.5
Mode 9.0 4.5
Standard Deviation 1.5 2.5
What can Manuel conclude from these statistics?
B 93. In its Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios, Dun & Bradstreet reported that
Q1, Q2, and Q3 for 2,037 gasoline service stations' sales to inventory ratios were
20.8, 33.4, and 53.8, respectively. From this we can conclude that
____________.
E A. 68% of these service stations had sales to inventory ratios of 20.8 or less
BApp B. 50% of these service stations had sales to inventory ratios of 33.4 or less
C. 50% of these service stations had sales to inventory ratios of 53.8 or more
D. 95% of these service stations had sales to inventory ratios of 20.8 or more
A 94. Albert Abbasi, VP of Operations at Ingleside International Bank, is evaluating the
service level provided to walk-in customers. Accordingly, his staff prepared the
following distribution of waiting time for walk-in customers.
Waiting Time Number of Customers
(in minutes)
0-under 2 60
2-under 4 30
4-under 6 10
The mean waiting time for this sample of walk-in customers is _________.
H A. 2 minutes
BCalc B. 66.67 minutes
C. 33.33 minutes
D. 3 minutes
94 Test Bank
B 95. Albert Abbasi, VP of Operations at Ingleside International Bank, is evaluating the
service level provided to walk-in customers. Accordingly, his staff prepared the
following distribution of waiting time for walk-in customers.
Waiting Time Number of Customers
(in minutes)
0-under 2 60
2-under 4 30
4-under 6 10
The standard deviation of waiting time for this sample of walk-in customers is
______.
H A. 2 minutes
BCalc B. 1.35 minutes
C. 1.82 minutes
D. 1.80 minutes
M A. 6
BCalc B. 1
C. 3
D. 4
C 97. The following box and whisker plot was constructed for the age of accounts
receivable.
The box and whisker plot reveals that the accounts receivable ages are _______.
The frequency distribution reveals that the accounts receivable ages are _______.
E A. median()
Term B. mode()
C. max()
D. quart2()
M A. pstdev()
Term B. stdevp()
C. stdev()
D. stdevpop()
M A. sstdev()
Term B. stdevs()
C. stdev()
D. stdevsample()
M A. amean()
Term B. meana()
C. mean()
D. average()
96 Test Bank
103. Albert Abbasi, VP of Operations at Ingleside International Bank (IIB), is
evaluating the service level provided to walk-in customers. Accordingly, his staff
prepared the following distribution of waiting time for walk-in customers.
Waiting Time Number of Customers
(in minutes)
0-under 2 120
2-under 4 40
4-under 6 25
6-under 8 10
8-under 10 5
In a recent survey, 70% of the walk-in customers indicated that waiting four
minutes (or more) was unacceptable. Presently, IIB has no direct competitors,
but a competing bank is under construction across the street.
M _________________________________________________________________
BApp _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 97
104. Angelina Arnott, Director of National Industrial Sales, is concerned by a
deteriorating sales trend. Specifically, the number of customers is stable at 1,500,
but they are purchasing less each year. She orders her staff to search for causes
of the downward trend by surveying all 1,500 industrial customers. One question
on the survey asked the customers to rate “Merchandise is delivered on time” on a
scale of 1 to 5, with 1 meaning “never” and 5 meaning “always”.
Merchandise Delivered On Time Number of Customers
1 100
2 200
3 300
4 700
5 100
No Response 100
M _________________________________________________________________
BApp _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
98 Test Bank
105. Annualized rates of return were calculated from closing prices of Caterpillar
(CAT) and General Mills (GIS) common stock. Descriptive statistics of these
rates of return presented in the following table.
CAT GIS
Mean 0.233621705 0.139744793
Standard Error 0.162775427 0.097267227
Median 0.194367839 0.122108626
Mode #N/A 0
Standard Deviation 1.091930758 0.652488394
Sample Variance 1.19231278 0.425741105
Kurtosis 6.478114897 -0.59713571
Skewness 1.647492156 0.058132445
Range 6.669350226 2.710777183
Minimum -1.770866463 -1.256246317
Maximum 4.898483762 1.454530866
Sum 10.51297674 6.288515695
Count 45 45
Describe what these descriptive statistics reveal about the market performance of
these two stocks.
M
BApp
Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics 99
106. Descriptive statistics of daily sales ($'s) were calculated for two Bob's Quick
Shops -- the Southside store, and the Midcity store.
Southside Midcity
Mean 5025.622 2733.333
Standard Error 118.306 249.1417
Median 5110.73 2000
Mode #N/A 1000
Standard Deviation 916.394 1929.843
Sample Variance 839778 3724294
Kurtosis -0.64387 -0.49322
Skewness -0.05517 0.860968
Range 3949.172 6000
Minimum 3133.362 1000
Maximum 7082.534 7000
Sum 301537.3 164000
Count 60 60
Describe what these descriptivie statistics indicate about daily sales at these two
stores.
M
BApp
100 Test Bank