i

“The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Shopping among Selected

Grade 10 Students in Dr. Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National High

School, S.Y. 2017-2018”

A Research Paper in English 10

Presented to:

Myra F. Arellano

English Teacher

By

Ashley Mae M. Manalo

Jeanalyn S. Perez

May Ann B. Cañete

Michael Angelo B. Villafania

John Renz P. Villaluna

Dr. Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National High School

2017-2018
 ii

Acknowledgements

The researchers of Dr. Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National Highschool would like to

express their deepest gratitude to the following persons who made possible the completion of this

action research.

To their English teacher, Mrs. Myra F. Arellano, who is very supportive and understanding in the

conduct of this research paper,

To the parents of the researchers, Mrs. Syd Duman Tenorio, Sir Mhigs Bauyon, Ms. Kreshia

Marie Gargullo, to the selected Grade 10 advisers and subject teachers who proved enthusiastic

in carrying out the objectives of this research study,

To all the respondents, who actively participated in this study,

To the Almighty God, who gave strength , wisdom and passion to make this research paper a

successful one.

A.M.M.M

J.S.P

M.B.C

J.R.P.V

M.A.B.V
 iii

Table of Contents

Title Page……………………………………………………………………………………… i

Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………. ii

Abstracts……………………………………………………………………………………...... iv

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………. 1

Definition of Terms……………………………………………………………………………. 3

Method Used……………………………………………………………………………........... 5

Review of Related Literature…………………………………………………………………. 8

Literature Review Matrix……………………………………………………………………... 10

Discussions/Conclusion……………………………………………………………………..... 12

References……………………………………………………………………………………. 15

Appendix A…………………………………………………………………………………… 16

Appendix B.……………………………………………………………………………............. 18
 iv

Description

Type of Research: Quantitative (Survey) and Qualitative (Descriptive Studies).

Researchers: Ashley Mae M. Manalo, Jeanalyn S. Perez, May Ann B. Cañete, John Renz P.

Villaluna, Michael Angelo B. Villafania.

Research Question: What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. Gender

1.2. Age

1.3. Online shops

2. What are the advantages of Online Shopping?

3. What are the disadvantages of Online Shopping?

Purpose: To understand the customer decision- making style and to determine the relationship

between customers and the sellers in terms of shopping online. Likewise, this study also aims the

pros and cons of online shopping.

 v

Hypothesis

For depth in the analysis of data, the study tested the following hypotheses:.

1. Online shopping provides a wider range of options and easy access to consumer reviews as

compared to purchasing in local stores.

2. Online items are more secured than in Physical Stores for consumers loses the tactile

experience to inspect the item quality and might encounter delivery risks and warranty issues.
 vi

⦁ The researchers used Quantitative (Survey) and Qualitative (Descriptive Studies).

⦁ Based on findings of the study, it shows that online shopping has its advantages and

disadvantages to selected Grade 10 students. Still, it is proved that online shopping has

become a useful tool for students in purchasing items conveniently to save time, money,

fuel and energy.

⦁ It is safe to conclude that the Internet is a collection of new media that have a huge

potential to be a popular channel for electronic commerce. Internet shopping resembles

conventional in-home shopping in that the customer makes transactions without physically

visiting a store.

The Internet provides means to distribute marketing information in ways similar to

conventional direct marketing, like catalogs and targeted direct mail. The Internet has

other appealing properties too. It is cheap, and it helps personal communication between

the seller and the buyer. It is useful for distributing digital products, and it can shorten the

time between purchase decision and delivery. It also gives the customer certain extra

benefits, like the ability to compare and discuss products.

In-home shopping has a number of benefits to the customer: it is convenient, it offers

product assortment and uniqueness, a geographically larger shopping area, and often a

better price too. All these benefits apply also to Internet shopping. The major disadvantage

of in-home shopping, namely risk - due to inability to see the product and make

comparisons, and to delivery delays - applies to Internet shopping too.

 vii

Research Questions:

This study seeks to discover the significance of online shopping among selected Grade 10

students in Dr. Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National High School..

Specifically, this research seeks to answer the following questions:

What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. Gender

1.2. Age

1.3. Online shops

2. What are the advantages of Online Shopping?

3. What are the disadvantages of Online Shopping?

 1

I. Introduction

Online shopping is a growing area of technology. Establishing a store on the internet,

allows for retailers to expand their market and reach out to consumers who may not

otherwise visit the physical store. The convenience of online shopping is the main attraction

for the consumers. Unique online payment systems offer easy and safe purchasing from other

individuals. Electronic consumers exhibit different buying behaviors such as; cart

abandonment. This behavior of abandoning a shopping cart is not seem very often in physical

stores. This is a problem very much characteristic of online retail store consumers. If this

problem is not given proper examination and paid attention to, sales profit may decrease

quite a bit. Retailers need to study the differences between online consumer behaviors versus

in – store consumer behaviors. It is important for the online retail companies to learn about

consumer behavior so that they can make changes accordingly to increase productivity. The

benefits of shopping online also come with potential risks and dangers that consumers must

be aware of. In the future, we can expect online stores to improve their technology

tremendously, allowing for an easier and a more realistic shopping experience.

A good online store is easy to navigate and browse for possible purchases. It has a

product catalog that customers can use to browse the search criteria (usually a type, price,

material, age, etc.), information abou the products, the sellers, and the service center.

Online stores may also discuss business conditions and a Complaints Procedure.

If a shopper finds a product to purchase, clicking “send” will add the item to the

shopping cart. The shopping cart collects all items to be purchased. Once a shopper is

satisfied with their selections, the shopper makes a binding order and payment using a

credit card or other financial arrangement. Therefore, implementing usability testing is

highly important for an online store to avoid the reduce of overall performances of the

online store.

In the 21st century, online shopping has become very popular, especially with the

lifestyles of business people who are always busy and are looking for a convenient way

to shop.
 2

Online shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from “electronic retail” or e-

shopping) is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy

goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names

are: e-web- store, e-shop, e-store, Internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online storefront

and virtual store. Mobile commerce (or m-commerce) describes purchasing from an

online retailer’s mobile optimized online site or app.

An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a

bricks-and-mortar retailer or shopping center, the process is called business-to-consumer

(B2C) online shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the

process is called business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online

retailing corporations are Alibaba, Amazon.com, and eBay.

English entrepreneur Michael Aldrich inverted online shopping in 1979. His

system connected a modified domestic TV to a real-time transaction processing computer

via a domestic telephone line. He believed that videotext, the modified domestic TV

technology with a simple menu-driven human-computer interface, was a ‘new,

universally applicable, participative communication medium- the first since the invention

of the telephone’. This enabled ‘closed’ corporate information systems to be opened to

‘outside’ correspondents not just for transaction processing but also for e-messaging and

information retrieval and dissemination, later known as e-business. His definition of the

new mass communications medium as ‘participative’ [interactive, many-to-many] was

fundamentally different from the traditional definitions of mass communication and mass

media and a precursor to the social networking on the Internet 25 years later.

In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee created the first World Wide Web server and browser.

It opened for commercial use in 1991. In 1994 other advances took place, such as online

banking and the opening of an online pizza shop by Pizza Hut. Duringg the same year,

Netscape introduced SSL encryption of data transferred online, which has become

essential for secure online shopping. Also, in 1994, the German company Intershop

introduced its first online shopping system. In 1995, amazon launched its online shopping

site, and in 1996, eBay appeared.

 3

Definition of Terms

⦁Advantage- benefit resulting from some course of action.

⦁Behavior- anything that an organism does involving action and response to stimulation.

⦁Bogus- not genuine.

⦁Consumer- one that utilizes economic goods.

⦁Disadvantage- a quality or circumstance that makes achievement unusually difficult.

⦁Innovative- featuring new methods; advanced and original.

⦁Internet- a global computer network providing a variety of information and

communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized

communication protocols.

⦁Online shop- is defined as purchasing items from Internet retailers as opposed to a shop

or store. Buying books at Amazon.com instead of your local book store is an example of

online shopping.

⦁Productivity- the effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in

terms of the rate of output per unit of input.

⦁Profit-a financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the

amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.

⦁Respondents- a person who replies to something, especially one supplying information for

a survey or questionnaire or responding to an advertisement.

⦁Retailers- a person or business that sells goods to the public in relatively small quantities

for use or consumption rather than for resale.

⦁Shopping- the action or activity of purchasing goods from stores.

⦁Technology- machinery and equipment developed from the application of scientific

knowledge.
 4

⦁Trust- firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something.

⦁Unbiased- showing no prejudice for or against something; impartial.

 5

Chapter II

Methods Used

Participants

There were 18 male student respondents and 35 female student respondents in this

research about ‘‘Advantages and Disdvantages of Online Shopping”. They are the

selected Grade 10 Students from Dr. Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National

Highschool and are requested by the researchers to answer questionnaire/survey forms to

gather sufficient data about the study of “ Advantages and Disadvantages of Online

Shopping”

Instruments

A survey form/questionnaire/ interview/statistical treatment was used /conducted to

gather details from the participants of the study . Each questionnaire/survey form

contains 10 questions that tends to get sufficient data on “ Advantages and

Disadvanatges of Online Shopping ’’ , furthermore, the treatment on the data gathered

remains to be unbiased / discreet . There were no alterations made on the responses of the

participants / respondents .

Also, searching additional information from different websites in the internet aided a

lot in the progress of this research paper.

Procedures

The researchers conducted an interview/ survey and distributed 50 questionnaires

in Dr. Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National High School on January 26, 2018. The

results of the survey form questionnaires were consolidated and have undergone

statistical treatment and analysis through the help of selected students in Grade 10-

Amethyst, Bloodstone, Coral and Diamond. There were no alterations made on any data

gathered as to conform with the validity of this study. This research aims to answer the

following statements:
 6

Survey Forms

1.The internet is the best place to buy items that are hard to find.

2.Shopping online saves time.

3.The internet is the best place to find bargains.

4.Shopping online is convenient.

5.It gives fun, browsing in online shops.

6.Shopping online is complicated.

7.Online shopping is not secure unlike traditional shopping.

8.Online shoppers do not have the ability to physically inspect or try on the items being

considered for purchase.

9.Online shoppers sometimes lose the power to negotiate the price and payment terms that may

exist in local stores.

10.Products from online shops are more expensive than local stores.

Interview Questionnaire

1.What’s your reason for selling items on line?

2.How do you handle orders for items you don’t have in stock?

3.What are the benefits of having an online shop?

4.Did you encounter a customer that is demanding?

5.How do you handle demanding/ difficult customers?

6.How can your profit help you in your daily needs?

7.How do you manage your time between studying and selling?

8.Have you encountered a bogus buyer customer?

 7

9.Does your family support you this business?

10.Does this kind of business give you stress and problem?

 8

Chapter III

Review of Related Literature

There were already previous researches conducted in relation to “ Advantages and

Disadvantages of Online Shopping ’’. According to Wu, Wann-Yih, Ching-Ching (2015), the

popularity of electronic commerce is growing rapidly. However, previous studies regarding

shopping online are rather fragmented in nature, and do not integrate their work into a

comprehensive research framework to consider simultaneously the issues of motivation, risk, and

trust. We conducted a meta-analysis to integrate the findings of previous researchers and to

provide a more complete framework of online shopping behavior, based on the models of

personality traits, perceived risk, and technology acceptance. We investigated the mediating

effects of attitude and trust, and the direct and indirect effects on the 3 models showed different

outcomes. Structural equation modeling was used to establish the relationships among the

influential factors of personality traits, perceived risk, and technology acceptance with regard to

online shopping intention.

As stated by Pan (2007), "purchasing decision process" is when the relevant

information is searched by the consumers that are motivated by the fulfillment of demands

according to personal experience and the external environment; then after accumulating a certain

amount of information, they begin to evaluate and consider; and finally after comparison and

judgement, they make the decision on certain products.

In the opinion of Monsuwe, Delleart and Ruyter (2004), there are five external factors

to understand consumer's intention to purchase in the internet which is the consumer personality,

situational factors, product characteristics, previous online shopping experiences and the trust in

online shopping. Consumer's trait includes their demographic factors such as age, income,

gender and educational level will lead them to have the intention to shop online. For age factor,

consumers that are aged under 25 has more potential to shop in online because of their interest in

using new technologies to search for product information and compare and evaluate alternatives
 9

(Wood, 2002). For educational level, higher educated consumers are more likely to use the

internet for their shopping medium because they are more computer literate (Burke, 2002).

According to Limayem et al. (2000) studied the impact of different social factors

on consumers‘ online shopping intentions and behaviour based on the theory of planned

behavior. They especially examined and tested the construct ―subjective norms‖ (i.e., social

influence). They showed the different effects of social factors on consumer online

shopping behaviour and pointed out that ―for subjective norms, while media and

family influences were significant, friends‘ influence did not make a difference.

In agreement with Chase and Franson (2000) in one of their study claimed that

internet shopping is no different from any other innovation. It is simply a new/innovative method

of purchasing products. Companies with online stores might be very interested to learn

how innovative their customers are.

Degeratu, Rangaswamy and Wu (2000) in their research shows that the internet has

become a useful tool for comparison shopping and users often click around various

sites to view and compare products, proceed to leave the site altogether, and then,

possibly, return days later to purchase a product, or they might buy locally.

Lee and Turban (2001) studied on trust in internet shopping and it was found that

lack of trust is one of the commonly cited reasons as to why the consumers do not

prefer an online purchase and it plays a significant role in facilitating online

transactions. This might be because in an online environment the consumers have no

60 physical interaction with the seller. So website plays an important role to gain

customers trust online.

 10

Literature Review Matrix

“Advantages and Disadvantagess of Online Shopping among Selected Grade 10 Students in Dr.

Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National High School A.Y. 2017-2018”

Title Source/Type Author/s or Year Notes and

Proponents Findings
“The impact of The impact of

different social different social

factors on Essay Limayem 2000 factors on

consumers.” consumers‘

online shopping

intentions and

behaviour based

on the theory of

planned

behavior.
“Internet Their study

shopping is not claimed that

different from Research Chase and 2000 internet

any other Franson shopping is no

innovation.” different from

any other

innovation. It is

a innovative

method of

purchasing

products.

11
 The internet has

“Internet is a Research Degeratu, 2000 become a useful

useful tool.” Rangaswamy tool for

and Wu comparison

shopping

12

Chapter IV
 Discussions/Conclusion

Most of the participants became participative. Many of them cooperated well during the

conduct of this research.

This study shows that the Internet is a collection of new media that have a huge potential

t0o be a popular channel for electronic commerce. Internet shopping resembles conventional in-

home shopping in that the customer makes transactions without physically visiting a store. And

in-home shopping has a number of benefits to the customer: it is convenient, it offers product.

All these benefits apply also to Internet shopping. The major disadvantage of in-home shopping,

namely risk - due to inability to see the product and make comparisons, and to delivery delays -

applies to Internet shopping too.

The researchers found out in their research that online shopping in their research that

online shopping provides a wider range of options but it is not easy to access or talk to the online

seller in times of having problems with the products that the customer purchased. Items in

Physical stores are more secured that in online shops for consumers loses the tactile experience

to inspect the item quality and might encounter delivery risks and warranty issues.

SURVEY FORMS

1.4% of the student respondents strongly disagreed and disagreed while 40% agreed to the

statement that internet is the best place to buy items that are hard to find.

2.4% of the student participants in the survey strongly disagreed and disagreed while 40% agreed

to the 2nd statement.

3.In statement number 3, 2% of the respondents strongly disagreed while 50% were neutral.

4.None of the student respondents strongly disagreed while 46% agreed that shopping online is

convenient.

13
5.In statement number 5, 2% of the participants strongly disagreed and disagreed while 48%

agreed to it.

6.2% strongly disagreed while 48% of the respondents were neutral to the statement that

shopping online is complicated.

7.In statement number 7, none of the participants strongly disagreed while 48% were neutral.

8.None of the respondents strongly disagreed while 50% of them were neutral to the statement

that online shoppers do not have the ability to physically inspect or try on the items being

considered for purchase.

9.The researchers found out that 2% of the participants strongly disagreed while 46% were

neutral to the 9th statement.

10. None strongly disagreed while 54% were neutral to the statement that products from online

shops are more expensive than in local stores.

QUESTIONNAIRES

1.In question number 1, the main reason of all respondents is to earn money in case of

emergencies.

2.Some respondent answered that they directly tell customers if some of their item were out of

stock and other answered that they will refer it to the supplier to the question, “How do you

handle orders for items you don’t have in stock?”.

3.Some respondents answered that the benefits of having online shop is that they will be able to

help their family for financial purposes.

4.Four respondents answered that they encountered demanding customers and only one answered

“no” four the question, “Did you encounter a customer that is demanding?”.

5.In question number 5, the respondents answered that they will handle the demanding customer

with respect and talk to them peacefully.

14
6.The respondents answered that profit can help them to buy their wants and also their needs to

the question, “How can your profit help you in your daily needs?”.

7.Respondents answered in question number 7 that they will divide their time for selling and

studying by using proper time management.

8.In question, “Have you encountered a bogus buyer customer?”, two of the respondents said

that they have encountered bogus buyers while three of the respondents have not.

9.Four of the respondents in question number 9 answered “yes”, that their family are supporting

them in their online business while only one said that her family didn’t support her business.

10.In the last question, “Does this kind of business give you stress and problem?”, all of the

respondents said that sometimes online selling gives them stress.

The following conclusions were drawn after the conduct of this activity:

1.1 The researchers have found that most of the respondents were female and few were male.

1.2 The researchers found out that the student respondents at an age of 14-18 are capable of

shopping online.

1.3 The researchers knew that the product of some Grade 10 student having online shop were

cellphone, clothes, foods, shoes and cosmetics.

2. Online shopping offers many district advantages including incredible convenience, price

comparisons because it offer deep discounts and rewards, infinite choice, easy access to

consumer reviews and no pressure sales.

3. The researchers found out that shopping online brings on some problem to the

consumer/customer like you are not able to try the products, you can’t talk to the seller

immediately and also the privacy and security.

15
 References

https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/literature-review-of-online-purchase-intention-

marketing-essay.php

http://onlineshoppingpaper.blogspot.com/

https://www.google.com.sa/search?

newwindow=1&biw=1517&bih=718&ei=TXhsWvaCDcuy0gTc0oOIAw&q=how+to+write+hy

pothesis+for+research+proposal&oq=how+to+write+hypothesus&gs_l=psy-

ab.1.4.0i13k1l10.107111.117251.0.122358.28.17.2.9.9.0.357.2645.2-7j3.10.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-

ab..7.21.2720...0j46j0i67k1j0i131k1j0i46k1.0.QWB7-74KqWU

http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/7929/7/07_chapter%202.pdf
 16

Appendix A

Picture of Respondents
17
 18

Appendix B

Tables

The Advantages and Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly

Disadvantages of Online Disagree Agree

Shopping
The internet is the best place to

buy items that are hard to find. 4% 4% 34% 40% 18%

Shopping online saves time. 4% 4% 18% 40% 34%
The internet is the best place to

find bargains. 2% 26% 50% 16% 6%

Shopping online is convenient

0% 4% 38% 46% 12%

It gives fun, browsing in online

shops. 2% 2% 28% 48% 20%

Shopping online is complicated 2% 14% 48% 18% 16%
Online shopping is not secure

unlike Traditional shopping. 0% 6% 48% 30% 16%

Online shoppers do not have the

ability to physically inspect or try

on the items being considered for 0% 6% 50% 26% 18%

purchase.
Online shoppers sometimes lose

the power to negotiate the price

and payment terms that may exist 2% 4% 46% 34% 14%

in local store.
Products from online shops are

more expensive than local stores. 0% 16% 54% 20% 10%

19
 Table 1.1

Profile of Respondents according to Gender

Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 18 34%

Female 35 66%

Total 53 100%

Table 1.1 shows that thirty-five (35) or 66% of the respondents are female, while eighteen

(18) or 34% of them are male. This signifies that there are more female than male.

20

Table 1.2
 Profile of Respondents according to Age

Age Bracket Frequency Percentage

14-15 23 43%

16-17 28 53%

18 above 2 4%

Total 53 100%

Table 1.2 shows that twenty-eight (28) or 53% of the respondents has the greatest

number of selected Grade 10 students in the age 16-17. However, two (2) or 4% of the

respondents has the lowest number of selected Grade 10 students in the age bracket of eighteen

(18) above.
Interview Questionnaire

I. Profile of the Respondents

Name: ____________________ Gender: ____________

Grade and Section: _____________ Age: _______

II.Direction: Answer the following questions below.

1. What’s your reason for selling items on line?

2. How do you handle orders for items you don’t have in stock?

3. What are the benefits of having an online shop?

4. Did you encounter a customer that is demanding?

5. How do you handle demanding/ difficult customers?

6. How can your profit help you in your daily needs?

7. How do you manage your time between studying and selling?

8. Have you encountered a bogus buyer customer?

9. Does your family support you this business?

10. Does this kind of business give you stress and problem?

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

I. Profile of the Respondents

Name: ____________________ Gender: ____________

Grade and Section: _____________ Age: _______

II.Direction: Put a check (/) if you are Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree and Strongly

Agree with the statements below.

Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly

Disagree Agree
1. The internet is the best place to

buy items that are hard to find.

2.Shopping online saves time.
3.The internet is the best place to

find bargains.
4.Shopping online is convenient.
5.It gives fun, browsing in online

shops.
6. Shopping online is complicated
7. Online shopping is not secure

unlike Traditional shopping.

8. Online shoppers do not have the

ability to physically inspect or try

on the items being considered for

purchase.

9. Online shoppers sometimes lose

the power to negotiate the price

and payment terms that may exist

in local store.
10. Products from online shops are

more expensive than local stores.