Mathematics in the Modern World

1
Logic Statements and Quantifiers

Module 14 Logic Statements and Quantifiers

At the end of this module, you are expected t0:

1. Distinguish between simple and compound statements.
2. Write compound statements in symbolic form and vice versa.
3. Use quantifiers appropriately.

Logic Statement
It refers to a statement is that is either true or false but not both true and false sentence
which is declarative
Simple statement – it is a statement that reveals a single idea.
Compound statement- it is statement that reveals two or more ideas.

Truth value and truth tables

Truth value-of a simple statement is either true (T) or false(f)

Truth value of a compound statement – it is dependent upon the truth values of its simple
statement and its connectives
Truth table- it is dependent upon the truth value of a compound statement for all possible truth
values of its simple statements
Logic Connectives and Symbols

Statement Connective Symbolic form Type of statement

not p not ~p negation

P and q and P^q conjunction

P or q or Pvq disjunction

If p,then q If …then P →q conditional

p if and only if q If and only if p↔q biconditional

Course Module
 Truth value of a conjunction
If both p and q are true then the conjuction p∧ q is true
Truth value of a disjunction
If each of p and q is true or both p and q are true then disjunction p ∨ q is true

Existential quantifiers uses some and there exists and at least one in a sentence.

Universal quantifiers uses none, no ,all and every I n a statement. Quantifiers none and no
denies existence of something whereas all and every asserts that every element of a given set satisfies
some condition.

References and Supplementary Materials

Books and Journals
1. Richard Aufmann ,Joanne Lockwood ,Richard Nation ,Daniel Clegg ,Susanna S.
Epp;2018;Mathematics in the Modern World;Manila ,Philippines;Rex Bookstore,Inc
2. Susana S. Epp;2011;Discrete Mathematics:An Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning
;Brooks/Cole ;Cengage Learning