Republika ng Pilipinas

Lungsod ng Batangas
Colegio ng Lungsod ng Batangas
Contact No. (043) 402-1450

GE 2 - READING IN TH EPHILIPPINE HISTORY

MODULE 1
LESSON 1
The Study of History
Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:

1. Explain the importance of studying history

2. Determine the relevance of history to mankind
3. Identify the primary and secondary sources in understanding Philippine
history.

Introduction:

History informs the present situation of events and it happened in the past.
When it happened, and how it happened. It is an inquiry into the inevitable
changes in human affairs in the past and the ways these changes affect,
influence or determine the patterns of life in the society. A year or even a
decades under the hands of colonizers will have a great effect on the colonized
country and its people. ( Martinez et.,al. 2018)

The relevance of studying the past was not spared from doubt and
controversy. As others maintained there is no reason to study the past, for the
situation today is totally different, the assumptions, conclusions, and solutions
may not be appropriate. History, unlike other sciences, will not give exact details
of a certain fact, it only deals with past human activities and these activities that
are recorded to various medium, the manner on how it was relayed can never be
the exact.
Despite many questions about the benefits of studying history, nations still
rely on the lessons of their past as they have no other means to use as a link to
the present. History serves as reminder and a diary of country’s distant past: a
mirror to examine the present and a compass to guide the future. (Corpuz, 2018)
 Republika ng Pilipinas
Lungsod ng Batangas
Colegio ng Lungsod ng Batangas
Contact No. (043) 402-1450

Lecture Notes / Lesson Content (Access the website link on History of the Philippines
explained in 8 minutes,( Click CTRL+CLICK to follow link) https://www.youtube.com/watch?
time_continue=63&v=D01xKvBbRgA&feature=emb_logo

The Meaning of History

The word History was derived from the Greek word “ Historia” which
means inquiry or knowledge acquired from investigation. History is the study of
the past it is described in written documents. It provides the analysis and
interpretation of the human past enabling us to study continuity and changes
that take place over time. ( Martinez et.,al. 2018)
The word history means the search for knowledge and truth, a searching to
find out. History is any integrated narrative or description of past events or facts
written in a spirit of critical inquiry for the whole truth.
History is defined as “any integrated narrative or description of past events
or facts written in a spirit of critical inquiry for the whole truth.
Below are the other definitions provided by various historians:
 History is the record of what one age finds worthy of note in another
– Burckhardt
 History, is the story of man’s struggle through the age against
Nature and the elements; against wild beast and the jungle and
some of his own kind who have tried to keep him down and to
exploit him for their own benefit – Jawaharal Nehru.
Nature of History
To better understand history, it is essential to determine its very nature.
1. History is the study of the present in the light of the past
2. History is the study of man
3. History is concerned with man in time
4. History is concerned with man in space
5. History provides an objective record happening
6. History is multisided
7. History is not only a narration, but it is also an analysis
8. History is relevant
9. History is comprehensive.
 Republika ng Pilipinas
Lungsod ng Batangas
Colegio ng Lungsod ng Batangas
Contact No. (043) 402-1450

10. History is a dialogue between

events of the past and
progressively emerging future
ends.
(Access the website link on Primary and
Secondary Sources of Information Click
CTRL+CLICK to follow link)

Relevance of History
Truly, history is very useful not
only to the students but also to a
every individual from different walks of life. Here are some functions of history.
1. History helps us to understand people and societies.
2. History contributes to moral understanding
3. History provides identity
4. Studying history is essential for good citizenship
5. History is useful in the world of work.
Determining Authenticity and Genuineness of a Document

Corpuz and Tabotabo citing Good and Scates (1972) enumerated some auxiliary
sciences that help determining the authenticity and genuineness of a documents
among which are:
1. Epigraphy
2. Diplomatics
3. Paleography
4. Archeology, anthropology, and prehistory
Classification of Historical Sources
a. Primary sources
b. Secondary sources
In the study of history as an academic discipline, the use of primary sources
is necessary. A primary source provides direct or firsthand evidence about an
event, an object, a person, or a work of art.
Primary Sources
1. Literary or Cultural Sources
1.1. Novels, play, poems ( both published and in manuscript form)
1.2. Television shows, movies or videos
1.3. Paintings or photographs
2. Accounts that describe events, people, or ideas
2.1. Newspapers
2.2. Chronicles or historical accounts
2.3. Essays and speeches
2.4. Memoirs, diaries, journals, and letters
2.5. Philosophical treatises or manifestations
3. Information about People
3.1. Census records
3.2. Obituaries
3.3. Newspapers and articles
3.4. Biographies and autobiographies
 Republika ng Pilipinas
Lungsod ng Batangas
Colegio ng Lungsod ng Batangas
Contact No. (043) 402-1450

4. Finding Information about a Place

4.1. Maps and atlases
4.2. Census information
4.3. Statistics
4.4. Photographs
4.5. City directories
4.6. Local libraries and historical societies
5. Finding Information about an Organization
5.1. Archives
Three type of Narrative Sources
1. Narrative sources or literary sources
2. Diplomatic sources
3. Social documents
Sources ( Corpuz and Tabotabo, 2018)
Secondary Sources
Secondary sources generally describe, interpret, comment upon, analyze,
evaluate, summarize, and process primary sources.
The secondary sources are as follows:
1. Books
2. Articles published
3. Unpublished Master’s Theses and dissertation, and other studies
4. Monographs, manuscripts, etc
5. All other secondhand sources
6. Verbal or written data
Sources ( Martines, Rodolfo M. et.,al., 2018)
Summary
On the Meaning of History, Nature of History, Relevance of History,
Determining Authenticity and Genuineness of a Document, Primary and
Secondary Sources of History
 The word History was derived from the Greek word “ Historia” which
means inquiry or knowledge acquired from investigation.
 History will give you a combination of skills and insights that will help you
to: 
• Prepare you for work 
• Enable you to participate fully in society 
• Develop you as a person -John Redmond, 1893
 History is very relevant to modern life 
 History also helps us to understand many of the issues that affect the
world today
  By broadening your knowledge of current affairs, you are developing
yourself personally and preparing yourself more fully for adult and working
life 
 Republika ng Pilipinas
Lungsod ng Batangas
Colegio ng Lungsod ng Batangas
Contact No. (043) 402-1450

 • History is unique in that it investigates how human life has changed over
time 
 History informs the present situation of events and it happened in the past.
 The two sources of information are the following; primary and secondary
sources
In conclusion, Choosing history allows you to acquire a combination of
skills and insights that will
 broaden your understanding of the world
 develop you as a person
 you for a future career
 enable you to participate fully in society
Lesson Discussion Forum
As part of Lesson 1. We will discuss the Meaning of History, Nature of History,

Relevance of History, Determining Authenticity and Genuineness of a Document

Primary and Secondary Sources of History

1. How important is history to mankind?

2. Why is it more credible and reliable to use the primary sources?

Learning Assessment
Each student though they may have different situation and condition at home
when it comes to access to internet will be assessed/evaluated accordingly using
one or more assessment tools as follows.
1. Forum Post/Online Poll/Quiz results in real time. (Students take an online
quiz/quizzes in measuring learning results of the current lesson and result
will be used whether re-teaching or additional discussion is necessary.)
2. Open-ended or essay-type questions. (Students answers open-ended
questions or essay type taken the lesson to assess learning of the current
lessons/topics)

Learning Output

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

1. Why do social scientists refer to history in analyzing or predicting a

certain situation or a particular behavior?
2. Differentiate primary sources form secondary sources

PEN-UP

Directions: (Essay Type for only 150 words. Read the scenario)

Primary source has been regarded as the source of the best evidence
but when many eyewitness supply information discrepancies and
contradictions emerged, what do you think is the best solution to have
accurate and exact narration of events coming from different sources?
 Republika ng Pilipinas
Lungsod ng Batangas
Colegio ng Lungsod ng Batangas
Contact No. (043) 402-1450

References
Candelaria, John Lee P. et.,al.,(2018) Readings in Philippine History. Manila,
Philippines, Rex Book Store
Corpuz, Ronald M. et.,al.,(2018) Reading in Philippine History. Manila,
Philippines, Mindshapers Co., Inc.
Martines, Rodolfo M. et.,al.,(2018) The Reading in Philippine History. Manila,
Philippines, Mindshapers Co., Inc.
https://www.elearningust.info/copy-of-life-and-works-of-rizal

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
time_continue=63&v=D01xKvBbRgA&feature=emb_logo
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pmno-
Yfetd8?controls=0&amp;start=63" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay;
encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Prepared by:

Melvin Francisco Apolonio M. Fababaer

Faculty Faculty