NEWTON’S SYNTHESIS

Aristotle’s view of motion conveys that all motion is due to the nature of moving
object or due to a sustained or pull.
He also implies that if an object is in its proper place, it will not move unless force
is applied.
Except celestial objects, the normal state is one at rest.

Since it was implausible to most observers that a force is capable of moving

Earth, they believed the Earth does not move.
In 1514, Nicolaus Copernicus formulated his theory of moving Earth. Copernicus
reasoned that the simplest way to account for the observed motions of the Sun,
Moon and planets through the sky was to assume that the Earth and the other
planets orbit the Sun.

Newton’s Law of Motion

In order to have motion, a force, which is push or pull, is needed.

Newton’s Fist Law: Law of Inertia

Motion is defined as the change of place or position in space. But for an object to
move, force has to be applied.
Likewise a moving object could be put to stop if force is applied.
But when a force is not applied the object will remain at rest or keep on moving.

Newton called this as the tendency of objects to remain in motion or to stay at

rest in inertia.
Inertia is a property of matter that tends to resist any change in motion.
And this law states that an object will remain at rest and an object in motion will
remain motion at constant unless acted upon by an unbalanced force (a nonzero
net force).
an object in equilibrium will have no motion.
and that a body will not move without any external force acts upon it.
Likewise, in the absence of FORCE, a moving object will continue moving.
 
Rest is the only is only one form of equilibrium.
An object moving at a constant speed in a straight line is also an equilibrium.
Equilibrium is a state of no change, whether an object is at rest (static
equilibrium) or steadily rolling in a straight line path (dynamic equilibrium).