Professional Documents
Culture Documents
To Govern Efficiently
To plan an efficient government we need the understanding of governing procedures that have been
followed throughout history. We will also get an understanding of the policies, which were successful
and also the ones that were not. This kind of analysis will increase our understanding of people and
the ways to deal with them.
The word ’history’ is derived from the Greek noun ’historia’ meaning ’inquiry or
research.’ Aristotle regarded it as a "systematic account of a set of natural
phenomena, whether or not chronological ordering was a factor in the account." The
term "history" has now come to be applied to accounts of events that are narrated in a
chronological order, and deal with the past of mankind.
Learning by inquiry about the past of mankind was later developed into a discipline
by the Greek historians Thucydides and Heredeotus (who is popularly known as
’Father of History’). E. H. Carn defined history as an "unending dialogue between
the present and the past." Jawaharlal Nehru observed that man’s growth from
barbarism to civilization is supposed to be the theme of history." Will Durant called
history "a narrative of what civilized men have thought or done in the past time."
World history is primarily concerned with the evolution of mankind. It traces the
whole story of man as well as of his progress in civilization a culture from the dim
past up to the present day. It indicates his failures and his successes, describes his
laws and his wars, and reveals his religions and his arts. It gives an account of the
significant developments that took place in the past with reference to the countries and
the men and women who played a noteworthy part. Thomas Carlyle, a famous
historian of the French revolution regards world history as the "biography of great
men."
The importance of history is in its capacity to help one to draw conclusions from the
past events. It may be said that history is to the human race, what memory is to each
man. It sheds the light of the past upon the present, thus helping one to understand
oneself, by making one acquainted with other peoples. Also, as one studies the rise
and fall of empires and civilizations, the lessons of the past help one to avoid the
pitfalls of the present.
History makes one’s life richer by giving meaning to the books one reads, the cities
one visits or the music one hears. It also broadens one’s outlook by presenting to one
an admixture of races, a mingling of cultures and a spectacular drama of the making
of the modern world out of diverse forces.
Another importance of history is that it enables one to grasp one’s relationship with
one’s past. For example if one wonders why the U.S. flag has 48 stars or why Great
Britain follows monarchy, one has to turn to history for an answer.
It preserves the traditional and cultural values of a nation, and serves as a beacon
light, guiding society in confronting various crises. History is indeed, as Allen Nerins
puts it, "a bridge connecting the past with the present and pointing the road to the
future."