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Drug Name Dosages Therapeutic Indications Adverse effects Contraindications Nursing considerations
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ciprofloxacin Adults  Ciprofloxacin  For the  GI Hypersensitivity. Assessment
(si proe flox' a  Uncomplicated UTIs: 100– promotes treatment of disturbances; Not to be used  History: Allergy to
sin) 250 mg PO q 12 hr for 3 breakage of infections headache, concurrently with ciprofloxacin,
Ciloxan, Cipro, days or 500 mg PO daily double- caused by tremor, tizanidine. Avoid norfloxacin or other
Cipro HC Otic, (ER tablets) for 3 days. stranded susceptible confusion, exposure to strong quinolones; renal
Cipro I.V., Cipro Proquin XR—500 mg PO DNA in gram-negative convulsions; sunlight or sun dysfunction; seizures;
XR, Co as a single dose. susceptible bacteria, rashes; joint lamps during lactation
Ciprofloxacin  Mild to moderate UTIs: 250 organisms including pain; treatment.  Physical: Skin color,
(CAN), Proquin mg PO q 12 hr for 7–14 and inhibits Escherichia coli, phototoxicity. lesions; T; orientation,
XR days or 200 mg IV q 12 hr DNA gyrase, Proteus Transient reflexes, affect;
for 7–14 days. which is mirabilis, increases in mucous membranes,
Pregnancy essential in Klebsiella serum bowel sounds; LFTs,
Category C  Complicated UTIs: 500 mg reproduction pneumoniae, creatinine. renal function tests
PO q 12 hr for 7–14 days of bacterial Enterobacter Hematological,
    Drug classes or 400 mg IV q 12 hr or DNA. cloacae, Proteus hepatic and Interventions
 Antibacterial 1,000 mg (ER tablets) PO vulgaris, Proteus renal  Arrange for culture
 Fluoroquinolo daily for 7–14 days. rettgeri, disturbances. and sensitivity tests
ne Morganella Vasculitis, before beginning
 Chronic bacterial morganii, pseudomembra therapy.
prostatitis: 500 mg PO q Pseudomonas nous colitis and  Continue therapy for 2
12 hr for 28 days or 400 aeruginosa, tachycardia. days after signs and
mg IV q 12 hr for 28 days. Citrobacter Phototoxicity. symptoms of infection
freundii,  Potentially are gone.
 Infectious diarrhea: 500 Staphylococcus Fatal:
mg q 12 hr PO for 5–7 aureus, Anaphylactoid  Be aware that Proquin
days. Staphylococcus reaction; XR is not
epidermidis, cardiopulmonar interchangeable with
 Anthrax postexposure: 500 group D y arrest. other forms.
mg PO q 12 hr for 60 days streptococci
or 400 mg IV q 12 hr for 60
 Ensure that the
days.  Treatment of patient swallows ER
uncomplicated tablets whole; do not
 Respiratory infections UTIs caused by cut, crush, or chew.
500–750 mg PO q 12 hr or E. coli, K.
400 mg IV q 8–12 hr for 7– pneumoniae as  Ensure that patient is
14 days. a one-time dose well hydrated.
in patients at low
 Acute sinusitis: 500 mg PO risk of nausea,  Give antacids at least
q 12 hr or 400 mg IV q 12 diarrhea 2 hr after dosing.
hr for 10 days. (Proquin XR)
 Monitor clinical
 Acute uncomplicated  Otic: Treatment response; if no
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pyelonephritis: 1,000 mg of acute otitis improvement is seen
ER tablets PO daily for 7– externa or a relapse occurs,
14 days. repeat culture and
 Treatment of sensitivity.
 Bone, joint, skin infections: chronic bacterial
500–750 mg PO q 12 hr or prostatitis  Encourage patient to
400 mg IV q 8–12 hr for 4– complete full course
6 wk.  IV: Treatment of of therapy.
nosocomial
 Nosocomial pneumonia: pneumonia Teaching points
400 mg IV q 8 hr for 10–14 caused by  If an antacid is
days. Haemophilus needed, take it at
influenza, K. least 2 hours before
 Ophthalmic infections pneumoniae or after dose.
caused by susceptible
 Take Proquin XR with
organisms not responsive  Oral: Typhoid
the main meal of the
to other therapy: 1 or 2 fever
day.
drops per eye daily or bid
or 1/2 inch ribbon of  Oral: STDs
 Do not touch tip of
ointment into conjunctival caused by
eye ointment or
sac tid on first 2 days, then Neisseria
solution for this may
apply 1/2 inch ribbon bid gonorrhea
contaminate the
for next 5 days. product.
 Prevention of
 Acute otitis externa: 4 anthrax following
 Drink plenty of fluids
drops in infected ear, tid– exposure to
while you are taking
qid. anthrax bacilla
this drug.
(prophylactic use
Pediatric Patients in regions  You may experience
 Not recommended; suspected of these side effects:
produced lesions of joint using germ Nausea, vomiting,
cartilage in immature warfare) abdominal pain (eat
experimental animals. frequent small meals);
 Acute sinusitis
 Inhalational anthrax: 15 diarrhea or
caused by H.
mg/kg/dose PO q 12 hr for constipation;
influenzae,
60 days or 10 mg/kg/dose drowsiness, blurring
Streptococcus
IV q 12 hr for 60 days; do of vision, dizziness
pneumoniae, or
not exceed 500 mg/dose (observe caution if
Moraxella
PO or 400 mg/dose IV. driving or using
catarrhalis
dangerous
Geriatric Patients or equipment).
 Lower
Patients with Impaired respiratory tract
Renal Function  Report rash, visual
infections:
 For creatinine clearance of changes, severe GI
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30–50 mL/min, give 250– Caused by E. problems, weakness,
500 mg PO q 12 hr. For Coli, Klebsiella, tremors.
creatinine clearance of 5– Enterobacter
29 mL/min, give 250–500 species, P.
mg PO q 18 hr or 200–400 mirabilis, P.
mg IV q 18–24 hr. For aeruginosa, H.
patients on hemodialysis, influenzae,
give 250–500 mg q 24 hr, Haemophilia
after dialysis. parainfluenza, S.
pneumoniae

 Unlabeled use:
Effective in
patients with
cystic fibrosis
who have
pulmonary
exacerbations

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