Sources of the Magnetic Field 581

Substitute numerical values and evaluate B and Bapp:

50
B Bapp 4 10 7 N/A 2 10 A 62.8 mT
0.01 m

*79 ••
Picture the Problem We can use the data in the table and Bapp 0 nI to plot B versus
Bapp. We can find Km using B K m Bapp .

We can find the applied field Bapp Bapp 0 nI

for a long solenoid using:

Km can be found from Bapp and B B

Km
using: Bapp

The following graph was plotted using a spreadsheet program. The abscissa values for the
graph were obtained by multiplying nI by 0. B initially rises rapidly, and then becomes
nearly flat. This is characteristic of a ferromagnetic material.

2.0

1.6

1.2

0.8

0.4

0.0
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014
B app (T)

The graph of Km versus nI shown below was also plotted using a spreadsheet program.
Note that Km becomes quite large for small values of nI but then diminishes. A more
revealing graph would be to plot B/(nI), which would be quite large for small values of nI
and then drop to nearly zero at nI = 10,000 A/m, corresponding to saturation of the
magnetization.
582 Chapter 27

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
nI (A/m)

80 ••
Picture the Problem We can use the definition of the magnetization of a sample to find
M and the relationship between the Bohr magneton and the magnetic moment of the
sample to find the number of electrons aligned in the sample. In part (c) we can express
the magnetic moment of the disk in terms of the amperian surface current and solve for
the latter.

(a) Express the magnetization of the

M
sample in terms of its magnetic V r 2d
moment and volume:

2
Substitute numerical values and 1.5 10 A m2
M
evaluate M: 1.4 cm
2
0.3 cm
8.12 10 3 A/m

(b) Relate the magnetic moment of N B

the sample to the Bohr magneton:

Solve for and evaluate N: 1.5 10 2 A m 2

N
B 9.27 10 24 A m 2
1.62 10 21

(c) Express the magnetic moment of AI

the disk in terms of the amperian