CEN 301

STRUCTURAL THEORY

PLATE NO. 1
TITLE: ANALYSIS OF PLANE TRUSS

DATE DUE: September 23, 2020

DATE SUBMITTED: September 23, 2020
SUBMITTED BY: Jyle Anthony Romero
SUBMITTED TO: Engr. Joaquin L. Valladarez

1. OBJECTIVE/S
 To determine all the loads acting in each floor beams, girders and columns of the
structure
 To determine the uniformly load acting on the floor AF, BG and CH
 To determine the loads acting on girders AC and FH.
 To determine the axial load acting on column A, F, C and H.

2. PROBLEM
2.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND GIVEN DATA
 The floor of an apartment building shown in the figure is subjected to a uniformly
distributed load of 4 kPa over its surface area. Assume all floor beams are supported on
girders. Determine:

2.2 FIGURE/SKETCHES
 2.3 REQUIRED
Determine
 Uniform load acting on floor beams AF, BG, and CH
 Loads acting on grinders AC and FH
 Axial load acting on column A, F, C, and H
3. THEORY/PRINCIPLES/FORMULAS/ASSUMPTIONS
Different elements are used to transmit and resist external loads within the structure.
Basically the following two forces will normally act up over any object that
fundamentally constitute load
 Weight of the object acting towards the ground
 Movements of living objects within the structure

5. PROCEDURE/PROCESS FLOW
Step 1. The tributary area of the exterior beam AF and the interior beam BG and CH, are shown
in the Fig. P1. Considering the exterior beam AF first, we can see every one meter length of the
beam supports the loads applied over the strips of the slab area (=3.5m x 1m) = 3m the load
transmitted to one meter length of the beam AF.
Step 2. The result load is uniformly distributed along the length of the beam, as shown in the
Figure P1.1. The figure shows the reaction exerted by the supporting girders at the beams end.
The magnitude of the reaction are equal to half of the total load acting on the beam.
Step 3. The load on the interior beam BG and CH is computed in a similar manner. We see that
the load transmitted to each one meter length of the beam BG and CH.
Step 4.
Girders:
Step1. The girder load can be conveniently obtained by apply the beam reaction as concentrated
loads at their corresponding support or connection on the girder. Since girder AC support exterior
beam AF and EJ at point A and E, the reaction of the two exterior beam are applied at these point.
Similarly, the reaction of the two interior beam are applied at the point, where these interior
beams are supported on the girders.
Axial load:
Step 1. In column A is obtained by applying the reaction of girder AC on the column with
direction reverses. This column axial load can also evaluated by multiplying the tributary area
(7.5m x 6m) of the column A by the flor load intensity (4kPa) that see in figure P1
Step 2. In column F and C is obtained by applying the reaction of girder AC on the column with
direction reverses. This column axial load can also evaluated by multiplying the tributary area
(7.5m x 12m) of the column F/ C by the flor load intensity (4kPa)
Step 3: Finally the sum of axial load carried by all four columns must be equal to the product of
the total surface area of the floor, times the floor load intensity
6. ANALYSIS/COMPUTATIONS/SKETCHES
6.1 Uniformly Distributed Load: AF

4 kN 7.5 15 kN 1
¿
m 2( 2 )
m =15 kN /m¿ R A =R F=
m ()
(12 m) =90 kN
2

6.2 Uniformly Distributed Load: Beam BG and CH

¿
( 4mkN )( 7.5 m )=30 kN /m
2

6.3. Loads acting upon on girders AC.

¿ ( 15mkN )( 12 m ) ( 2m1 )
RA 1
Rc
=180 kN =180 kN
2
=90 kN ()
6.4. Loads acting upon on girders FH

¿ ( 30mkN )( 6 m) ( 21m )
360 kN
¿( ) ( 4 kPa )=1140 kN
m
6.5. Axial load on column A

Axial Load= ( 4mkN2 ) ( 7.5 ) ( 6 )=180 kN

6.6. Axial load on column F

Axial Load= ( 4mkN2 ) ( 12 )( 7.5) =360 kN

6.7. Axial load on column C

Axial Load= ( 4mkN2 ) ( 7.5 ) (12) =360 kN

6.5. Axial load on column H

Axial Load= ( 4mkN2 ) ( 12 )( 15 ) =720 kN

7. CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS (SHOULD RELATE TO OBJECTIVES AND
ANSWER PROBLEM REQUIREMENTS
Based on the problem and data that we gathered we have determined the loads acting on
each floor beams, girders and columns of the structure. We also have successfully determine the
uniformly load acting on the floor AF, BG and CH. We also determined the loads acting
on girder AC and FH. And lastly, we have determined the axial load acting on column A,
F, C and H.
ASSESSMENT/SCORE
1. OBJECTIVE/S 10
2. PROBLEM 10
2.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND GIVEN DATA
2.2 FIGURE/SKETCHES
2.3 REQUIRED
3. THEORY/PRINCIPLES/FORMULAS/SPECIFICATIONS/ASSUMPTIONS 20
5. PROCEDURE/PROCESS FLOW 20
6. ANALYSIS/COMPUTATIONS/SKETCHES 20
7. CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS 20
(SHOULD RELATE TO OBJECTIVES AND ANSWER 100