Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

As it is indicated in the title, this chapter includes the research methodology of

the dissertation. In more details, in this part the author outlines the research strategy,

the research method, the research approach, the locale of the study, the selection of

the sample, the research process, the type of data analysis, the ethical considerations

and the research limitations of the study.

Research Design

For this study, the research used qualitative and quantitative approach. The

qualitative method permits a flexible and iterative approach, while the quantitative

research method permits specification of dependent and independent variables and

allows for longitudinal measures of subsequent performance of the research subject.

The value of qualitative research can best be understood by examining its

characteristics. One of the primary advantages of qualitative research is that it is more

open to the adjusting and refining of the research ideas as an inquiry proceeds. Also,

the researcher does not attempt to manipulate the research setting, as in an

experimental study, but rather seeks to understand naturally occurring phenomena in

their naturally occurring states. Inductive reasoning, as opposed to deductive

reasoning, is common in qualitative research, along with content or holistic analysis in

place of statistical analysis (Meyer et al, 1995)

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 On the other hand, quantitative method is compatible with the Study because it

allows the research problem to be conducted in a very specific and set terms (Cooper

& Schindler, 1998). Besides, quantitative research plainly and distinctively specifies

both the independent and the dependent Variables under investigation. It also follows

resolutely the

Original set of research goals, arriving at more objective conclusions, testing

hypothesis, determining the issues of causality hypothesis, determingthe issues of cau

sality and eliminates or minimises subjectivity of judgment (Kealey & Protheroe,

1996). Furthermore, this method allows for longitudinal measures of subsequent

performance of research subjects (Matveev, 2002).

A correlation approach was used to relate the impacts of African Swine Fever on

piggeries in Balanga City, Bataan. A correlation survey was defined by Calmorin

(1998) as the study that aims to determine the relationship of variables. It also

indicates the extent to which different variables are related to each other and what

variables are related to each other in the target population. Also, ascertains how much

variation is caused by another variable. Measure of correlation determines the

magnitude and direction of relationship

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Research Locale

Figure 2

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Population and Sample of the Study

The researchers chosen the 4 piggeries in Balanga City, Bataan; the Dela

Fuente Farm, Holly Farms Balanga, JLA Agro-Forest and Angel’s Farm including

some of its buyers of pork in the public market. This was practical to the researcher

since the school is also located here, would have no difficulty in talking with the

piggery owners, and would save time, energy, money and effort.

It was large; thus, the sampling method was applied to come up with an

acceptable number of samples. However, the researcher opted for a sample size of 15

which is suggested by their subject adviser, Mrs. Aurea G. Parbo. To choose the 15

samples, convenience sampling was applied to give all elements a chance to be

included in the sample. Applicants; hence, all were made part of the population.

Research Instrument

Gathering of necessary data for the study was done through a yes or no

questionnaire and personal interview for the data gathering process to obtain

quantitative and qualitative data.

A personal interview survey, also called as a face-to-face survey, is a survey

method that is utilized when a specific target population is involved. The purpose of

conducting a personal interview survey is to explore the responses of the people to

gather more and deeper information.

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 Personal interview surveys are used to probe the answers of the respondents

and at the same time, to observe the behavior of the respondents, either individually or

as a group. The personal interview method is preferred by researchers for a couple of

advantages.

This questionnaire elicited the following pertinent information: impacts of

African swine fever falls to its economic impacts and feed prices and the piggeries

will be analyzed in terms of level of demand of consumers, price and Precautionary

measures and the specific impacts of ASF on piggeries in Balanga City, Bataan

This research used 10 closed statements to be answered by yes or no. The

researchers designed a self-administered questionnaire for the data gathering process

to get qualitative data. The primary aim of the questionnaire is to determine the

strategy used by American International Assurance Company to overcome the

challenges given by the banking industries that offers both insurance and investment

plans as part of the product portfolio. This research used closed questions in

the questionnaire. A closed question is one that has pre-coded answers. The simplest

is the dichotomous question to which the respondent

must answer yes or no. Through closed questions, the researcher will be able to limit

responses that are within the scope of this study.

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Validation of the Instrument

To check the validity of the instruments, the questionnaires were submitted to

experts in the field of education for validation purposes specifically to Ms. Kristine

Andres, an English teacher in Asia Pacific College of Advanced Studies.

Fifteen respondents from the Dela Fuente Farm, Holly Farms Balanga, JLA

Agro-Forest and Angel’s Farm including some of its buyers of pork in the public

market were requested to answer the 15 Dichotomous questionnaires and interviewed

with the questions that are prepared by the researcher. Results were checked and

analyzed to ensure clarity and to determine whether they could yield the data needed

in the study.

Data Gathering Procedure

The Dichotomous questionnaire are distributed to selected respondents of the

Dela Fuente Farm, Holly Farms Balanga, JLA Agro-Forest and Angel’s Farm

including some of its buyers of pork in the public market. The respondents answer the

10 yes or no questions about the impacts of African swine fever particularly its

economic impacts and feed prices and the piggeries will be analyzed in terms of level

of demand of consumers, price and Precautionary measures and the specific impacts

of ASF on piggeries in Balanga City, Bataan. The dichotomous questionnaire and

interview results will be reclaim after the clarifying data answered by the respondents

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Statistical Treatment

The researcher will use the following statistical treatment to process the data:

1. Percentages. According to Calmorin (1997) the percentage is a way of expressing

a proportion, a ratio, or a fraction of a whole number by using 100 as a denominator.

Formula: Percentage= F/N x 100%

Where F- Frequency

N- Population

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 NOTES TO CHAPTER III

Gall B. (2016) “Educational Research: An Introduction, 7th Edition” retrieved

from https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/product/Gall-Educational-

Research-An-Introduction-7th-Edition/9780321081896.html

Denzin L. (2014) “The SAGE Book of Quantitative Research” retrieved from

https://www.google.com.ph/search?

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d+lincoln+2005&gs_l=psyab.3..0i67k1l3j0j0i67k1j0j0i30k1l2.725011.730725.0.7310

55.8.7.1.0.0.0.174.1082.7.7.0....0...1c.1.64.psyab..0.8.1095...0i7i30k1j0i8i7i30k1j0i13

k1j0i13i30k1.0.r3as9lEyxT8

Reinharz, E (2012) “The Quantitative Feminist Research: A Subjective View

of Objectivity” http://www.qualitative-

research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/974/2124

Guba at Lincoln (2015) “Competing in Quanitative Reasearch” retrieved

from

https://sabinemendesmoura.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/gubaelincoln_novo.pdf

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