A REVIEW ON LESSON 1:

1. What is Research?

2. What is Practical Research?

3. Why is research important?

Prepared by:
Ms. Chariz Joy R. Patayan
 CATEGORY OF RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

1. Quantitative Research
2. Qualitative Research
 CATEGORY OF RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

1.Quantitative Research
Quantitative research is “explaining
phenomenon by collecting numerical data
that are analyzed using mathematically
based methods.
 CATEGORY OF RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

2. Qualitative Research
Qualitative research is concerned with
nonstatistical methods of inquiry and
analysis of social phenomena. It draws on
an inductive process in which themes and
categories emerge through an analysis of
data collected.
QUALITATIVE vs. QUANTITATIVE
QUALITATIVE vs. QUANTITATIVE
Qualitative Quantitative
 QUALITATIVE vs. QUANTITATIVE

Qualitative Quantitative
Characteristics
Directions: For this task, read and comprehend each
statement. Write YES if it is correct and change the
underlined word/s if not.

1. Quantitative research uses non-statistical methods to

gather and interpret data.
2. Qualitative research asks close-ended questions in
interviews.
3. Qualitative research aims to explore and explain a
phenomenon in study.
4. Quantitative design’s goal is to test and confirm a
hypothesis in the research.
5. Qualitative research is concise and broad compared
to quantitative research.
TO BE CONTINUED…

(Have an advance reading on kinds

of research across fields.)
A REVIEW ON LESSON 2.a:

1. What is Qualitative
Research?

2. What is Quantitative
Research?
Prepared by:
Ms. Chariz Joy R. Patayan
KINDS OF RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

1. Descriptive Research
2. Correlational Research
3. Experimental Research
4. Historical Research
5. Market Research
KINDS OF RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

1. Descriptive Research
Descriptive research describes the
phenomena being studied. It addresses
the “what” question. Data are gathered
and descriptive statistics are then used
to analyze such data.
KINDS OF RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

2. Correlational Research
Correlational research investigates
a range of factors, including the nature
of the relationship between two or more
variables and the theoretical model that
might be developed and tested to
explain these resulting correlations.
KINDS OF RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

3. Experimental Research
In experimental research, the researcher
manipulates one or more independent or
grouping variables, (e.g., by comparing
treatment conditions, such as an
intervention group vs. a control group) and
then observes the impact of that
manipulation on one or more dependent or
outcome variables
KINDS OF RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

4. Historical Research
The historical method is employed
by researchers who are interested in
reporting events and/or conditions that
occurred in the past. This is for the
purpose of establishing facts in order to
arrive at conclusions concerning part
events or predict future events.
KINDS OF RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

5. Market Research
Market research is any organized
effort to gather information about target
markets or customers. Market research
provides important information to
identify and analyze customer
satisfaction, the market need, market
size and competition.
Which Fields Use Quantitative
Research?

Quantitative research is the type

of research that is widely used in the
natural, mathematical and social
sciences.
 Example of Fields/Discipline Using
Quantitative Research

Example 1
In the business field, for example,
quantitative research is used to populate
statistics from a high-volume sample size
to gain statistically valid results in
customer insight.
 Example of Fields/Discipline Using
Quantitative Research

Example 2
In finance, quantitative research into
the stock markets is used to develop
models to price complex trades and
develop algorithms, to exploit investment
hypotheses.
 Example of Fields/Discipline Using
Quantitative Research

Example 3
In Medicine, an experiment in which
group x was given two tablets of aspirin a
day and group y was given two tablets of a
placebo a day where each participant is
randomly assigned to one ore other of the
groups.
 Example of Fields/Discipline Using
Quantitative Research

Example 4
In hospital service, a survey that
concludes that the average patient has to
wait two hours in the waiting room of a
certain doctor before being selected.
 Example of Fields/Discipline Using
Quantitative Research

Example 5
A researcher may want to determine
the link between income and whether or
not families have health insurance. This is
a question that asks “how many” and
seeks to confirm a hypothesis.
Directions: Determine what type of research you
would do to gather data to solve the ff problems:
1. customers’ satisfaction on the services of a
food chain
2. which is a better teaching strategy, the case
study method or the demonstration method
3. labor demand analysis for the next five years
4. life among folks before the volcanic eruption
around Mt. Pinatubo
5. the color of lipstick determines a woman’s
decision-making process
TO BE CONTINUED…

(Have an advance reading on

characteristics, strengths, weaknesses,
& kinds of qualitative research.)
A REVIEW ON LESSON 2.b:

1. Enumerate and define the

different kinds of research
across fields.
Prepared by:
Ms. Chariz Joy R. Patayan
Characteristics of Qualitative Research
Characteristics of Qualitative Research
Strengths of Qualitative Research
Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

1.Ethnography
2.Phenomenology
3.Grounded Theory
4.Historical Approach
5.Case Study
KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

1. Ethnography
This research comes largely from the field
of anthropology. The emphasis in an ethnography
is on studying an entire culture.
KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

2. Phenomenology
-examines the uniqueness of individual’s
lived situations or everyday experiences
-each person has own reality, reality is
subjective
KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

3. Grounded Theory
-Used in discovering what problems exist in
a society and how persons handle them
-Involves formulation, testing and
redevelopment of propositions until a theory is
developed.
KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

4. Historical Approach
-describe and examine events of the past to
understand the present and anticipate potential
effects
KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

5. Case Study
- is an intensive study of a specific
individual or specific context.
- describe in-depth the experience of one
person, family, group, community, or
institution
TO BE CONTINUED…

(Have an advance reading on

importance of qualitative research
across fields.)
Prepared by:
Ms. Chariz Joy R. Patayan
Why is Qualitative important?

It provides an in-depth
understanding of the ways people
come to understand, act and
manage their day-to-day situations
in particular settings.
BASIC RESEARCH APPROACHES

1. Positive or Scientific Approach

2. Naturalistic Approach
3. Triangulation/Mixed Method
BASIC RESEARCH APPROACHES

1. Positive or Scientific Approach

- focuses on measurable and observable
facts rather than personal views, feelings, or
attitudes;
- is done through collecting data in a form of
questionnaires or structured interviews
BASIC RESEARCH APPROACHES

2. Naturalistic Approach
- data collected reflect personal views,
attitudes, thoughts, emotions, and other
subjective traits of people in natural setting
- pays attention to the discovery of the real
concept or meaning behind people’s lifestyles and
social relations.
BASIC RESEARCH APPROACHES

3. Triangulation/ Mixed Method

- a combination of the quantitative and
qualitative research
- allows the mixture of research designs,
data collection and data analysis techniques used
in the first two methods.
Three Main Methods of Data Collection:

1. Interactive Interviewing
2. Written descriptions by participant
3. Observation
Three Main Methods of Data Collection:

1.Interactive
Interviewing
-people share and describe their
experiences through words (speaking)
Three Main Methods of Data Collection:

2. Written descriptions by participant

- people are asked to write description of
their experiences of phenomenon
Three Main Methods of Data Collection:

3. Observation
-descriptive observations of verbal and non-
verbal behaviors
Don’t stop when you are tired.
Stop when you are done.