P  ec  L  P   Long slender members Critical load

 max  1  2 sec  
A  r  2r  EA    subjected to EULER’S
 2 EI
  axial compressive force BUKLING
Pcr  Fmember  ( FSb ) 
THEORY 2
 KL 
SECANT
FORMULA COLUMNS
Y A END-
PR  RANKINE- CONDITIONS
1  a ( L r ) 2  GORDON BUCKLING OF
COLUMNS
GENERAL STEPS

• Step 1: Method of joints/sections

(Choose loading point(s) & avoid support(s))
• Step 2: Solve for internal axial load(s)
 M  0, Fy  0, Fx  0
• Step 3: Identify member(s) in COMPRESSION
 2 EI
• Step 4: Pcr  Fmember  ( FSb )  2
 KL 
• Step 5: Verify that  Fmember   Y 
  member   
  allow  
 Amember   FS y 