Objectives of construction

management
•Completing a construction work within the
specified time or duration assigned for
the work,

•Completing the construction work within

the cost or budget assigned for the work,

•Maintaining the reputation of an

organisation for developing good quality
products or infrastructure,
•Developing an effective organisational
structure for the people involved to finish
the construction work within time, cost,
and quality,

•Motivating the people involved to get

their best within their capacities for
achieving the main objectives of time,
cost and quality, and
•Providing safe and satisfactory working
environment for the people involved in an
organisation
 Time

Motivating people
Safe working environment
Good organisational structure

Cost Quality

The triangle below illustrates three primary objectives in a

construction project. Time is the available duration to deliver a
project, cost represents the budget available and quality represents
the fit-to-purpose that the project must achieve.
Functions of construction
management
Planning and scheduling:

Planning mainly covers the aspects of like what to do, how to

do, why to do, who will do and where it is to be done.

Planning involves formulation of a number of alternatives for

achieving specific objectives and finalising the best suited for
the given location, available resources, and other constraints
imposed.

Once an alternative is finalised, the work involved in the

project is divided into small manageable parts and all parts
are arranged in an execution sequence.
 What

How

When Planning

Why Where
Scheduling
Who
The plan should be flexible to accommodate any
unexpected change that can occur during the
execution of a project.

The decisions which are not of routine in nature

are made by higher level management and
decisions which are of routine in nature are made
by lower level management.

Planning and scheduling are two terms that are

often thought of as synonymous. However, they
are not. Scheduling is just one part of the
planning effort.
Scheduling is developing the time table of
performing all manageable parts of a construction
work.

It is the fitting of the final work plan to a time

frame or on a calendar dates.

It shows the duration and order of execution of

all manageable parts of a construction project. It
deals with the aspect of when to do.
Organising:

It is the establishment of effective authority

relationships among a construction work, people
and work places in order for the group to work
together efficiently.

It is the process of dividing work into sections

and departments.

An organization provides a framework for action,

so people involved in the project know what is
expected of them. Under whom they have to
work or who are working under them.
It is concerned with division of people involved in
the construction work into departments/sections
and systematically arranging various operations
by delegating specific tasks to individuals.

The relationship between various personnel are

established and represented in the form of an
organizational structure that is depicted by a
simple flow chart.
Staffing:

If is the process of hiring eligible employees for

specific positions so created in an organisational
structure.
Recruiting the employees by evaluating their skills,
knowledge and then offering them specific jobs.

Recruiting the right employees, arranging staff

training courses, and carrying out proper staff
assessment are all part of the staffing function.

Every employee should get right position according

to his/her ability, talent, aptitude, and
specializations so that it will help the organization
to achieve the objectives..
Directing:

It is a process in which the managers instruct, guide

and oversee the performance of the workers to
achieve predetermined goals.

Training subordinates to carry out assigned tasks,

supervising their work and guiding their efforts. The
essence of directing lies in the ability to motivate
people individually and as groups to utilise their
creative efforts in achieving specified objectives.

Instructing, guiding, inspiring, counselling, overseeing

and leading employees towards the accomplishment of
organizational goals.
Controlling:

It is ensuring effective and efficient working of

employees. It involves a constant review of the
work plan to check on actual achievements and to
discover and rectify deviations through
appropriate corrective measures. Quick and
accurate flow of information is a vital aspect of
the controlling function.
The essential steps in control of construction
projects are:
• Measurement of actual performance in
terms of progress, quality and cost incurred,
• Comparison of actual and planned
performance; and
• Analysis of short fall in performance when
it occurs, and identification and implementation
of suitable remedial measures.
.
Co-ordinating:

It requires an efficient system of communication

so that each department and section is aware of
its role and the assistance to be expected from
others.
Regular meetings of departmental/ section heads
with top management are fundamental to proper
coordination, so that plans, problems and
remedies are discussed for determining the best
solution.
Since authority converges to the top of the
organisational pyramid, it is necessary to bring
together and coordinate the work of various
departments and sections.
Controlling:

It is ensuring effective and efficient working of

employees. It involves a constant review of the
work plan to check on actual achievements and to
discover and rectify deviations through
appropriate corrective measures. Quick and
accurate flow of information is a vital aspect of
the controlling function.
Resources in the construction Industry:
5Ms

1. Material.

2. Manpower

3. Machinery

4. Money( Funds)

5. Method/Space
STAGES IN CONSTRUCTION

A construction work in the industry is

divided into following distinct stages:

i. Project formulation stage

ii. Planning and designing stage
iii. Tendering stage
iv. Construction stage
v. Commissioning stage
Project formulation/Feasibility stage:

It starts with the owner. This is where the dream

begins as well as the research for the right location
and specifications/standards that should be followed
are decided. Also called preliminary or briefing
stage, where different ideas are generated by a
technical team of the owner. Each idea generated is
studied with respect to cost and benefits ratio to
establish the economic viability of a construction
project. The owner (client) or department specifies
requirement and permissible costs the technical
team. A technical team may consist of architects,
engineers, and other members to correctly interpret
the owner's wishes and provide best solution..
• Appoint a project technical team that has the
responsibility to the owner throughout the
construction process.
• Carry out extensive investigations which
include both technical and non-technical so that
alternative proposals may be given due consideration.
• Technical investigations include land and
geological surveys including site investigations such
as soil samples and ground water levels from bore-
holes.
• Non-technical investigations include economic
and social factors which may define the basic
requirements or scope of a project. These also
include market surveys for resource identification.
• Develop various alternatives and identify the
most feasible one. The study of various alternatives
at the feasibility stage makes substantial cost
savings easier while fulfilling the objectives of the
project.
• Detail project report (DPR) is prepared which
is the outcome of the first stage. DPR describes the
investigations carried out, possible solutions and
their evaluation.
• Finally, the best alternative is finalized.
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