1.The main cause of attenuation in an optical fiber is _____.

a. Resistance and capacitance

b. Scattering and absorption*
c. Wavelength
d. Ideal waveguide

2.What is the spreading of energy in time, which is caused by differing light

wavelengths?
a. Fresnel refraction
b. Chromatic dispersion*
c. Modal refraction
d. Absorption

3. Which of the following is not an application of laser?

a. Planting*
b. Communications
c. Surveying
d. Medical applications

4. Which of the following is not an advantage of optical fiber?

a. Low attenuation
b. Large bandwidth
c. Immunity to lightning
d. Cabling and splicing simplicity*

5. The glass inside the fiber core must have a(n) _____ index of refraction than
the index of refraction of cladding surrounding the fiber.
a. Higher *
b. Lower
c. Varying
d. Equal

6. The index of refraction of the cladding is _____ the index of refraction of the
core.
a. Varies with
b. Equal to
c. Less than *
d. Greater than

7. Band of light waves that are too short to be seen by human eye.
a. Amber
b. Visible
c. Ultraviolet *
d. Infrared

8. Which of the following has the longest wavelength?

a. Fuschia
b. Green
c. Blue
d. Red *

9. Which of the following does not contribute to a coupling mismatch between two
optical fibers?
a. Sepatation resulting in light scattering
b. Improper alignment
c. Connecting ends not parallel
d. Modal dispersion *

10. A fiber core is glass with n=1.5. Calculate the reflectivity (in percent) from
air.
a. 4% *
b. 16%
c. 15%
d. 8%

11. One of the advantages of fiber optic which is referred to the volume of
capacity of signals it can carry.
a. Weight
b.) Physical size
c. Security
d. Bandwidth *

12. An absorption loss caused by valence electrons in the silica material from
which fibers are manufactured.
a. Ultraviolet absorption *
b. Ion resonance absorption
c. Infrared dispersion
d. Modal dispersion

13. A non-coherent light source for optical communications system.

a. LED *
b. PIN diode
c. APD
d. ILD

14. The dielectric material of an optical fiber surrounding the core

a. Cladding *
b. Cover
c. Armor
d. Shield

15. Which of the following colors of light rays has the shortest wavelength?
a. Violet *
b. Red
c. Blue
d. Yellow

16. The amount of power per unit area in optical fiber is called _____.
a. Irradiance *
b. Discerneance
c. Permeance
d. Reflectance

17. The most common device used as a light detector in fiber optic communication
system.
a. LED
b. APDs *
c. Darlington phototransistor
d. PIN diode

18. Type of fiber that has the highest modal dispersion.

a. Graded index multimode
b. Graded index mode
c. Step-index multimode
d. Step-index single mode *

19. Which of the following is an advantage of fiber-optic cable over conventional

cable?
a. Interference immunity
b. Wider bandwidth
c. Light weight
d. All of the above *

20. A 1-km long optical fiber in air is made of fiber core with an index of
refraction of 1.52 and a cladding with an index of refraction of 1.49, determine
the acceptance angle.
a. 30�
b. 35�
c. 60�
d. 17.5� *

21. It is made from semiconductor material such as aluminum-gallium-arsenide or

gallium-arsenide-phosphide.
a. APD
b. Light emitting diode *
c. Positive-intrinsic-negative
d. Injection laser diode

22. The refractive index of glass is around _____.

a. 1.33
b. 0.50
c. 1.50 *
d. 1

23. What wavelengths exhibit the least loss for transmission in glass?
a. 12-15.5 microns
b. 5-7 microns
c. 10-50 microns
d. 1.3-1.5 microns *

24. A transmission line has a capacitance of 25 pF / ft. and an inductance of 0.15

mH / ft. Determine the characteristic impedance of the line.
a. 100 W *
b. 75 W
c. 77.5 W
d. 50 W

25. Who developed the Smith Chart?

a. James N. Smith
b. Philip S. Chart
c. Philip H. Smith *
d. Gunn Chart

26. What is the impedance of most waveguide?

a. 300 ohms
b. 75 ohms
c. 600 ohms
d. 50 ohms *

27. The outer conductor of a coaxial transmission line is always grounded at the
a. output only
b. input only
c. point of high SWR
d. input and output *

28. transmission line consisting of two conductors that have equal resistance per
unit length.
a. Open-wire line
b. Balanced line *
c. Coaxial line
d. Unbalanced line

29. Which of the following determines the characteristics of a transmission line?

a. Physical dimensions *
b. Length
c. Inductance
d. Capacitance

30. What is the voltage reflection coefficient for a 75- O line with a terminating
impedance of 50 O?
a. -0.5
b. 0.5
c. -0.2 *
d. 0.2

31. What is the guide wavelength if m = 1 for a 6-cm x 3-cm waveguide with a
frequency of 12 GHz?
a. 4.5 cm
b. 5 cm
c. 2.55 cm *
d. 2 cm

32. Best choice of transmission line component to couple a coaxial line to a

parallel wire line.
a. Balun *
b. Directional coupler
c. Shorting
d. Slotted line

33. Distance travelled by a wave in the time of one cycle.

a. Crest
b. Wavelength *
c. Frequency
d. Hop

34. A transmission line capable of handling high-powered signal is _____.

a. coax
b. waveguide *
c. micro strip line
d. stripline

35. What is the SWR for a 100-Ohms characteristic line and a 300-Ohms load?
a. 0.33
b. 3 *
c. 2
d. 4

36. The cut-off frequency in a waveguide signifies

a. longer wave will not propagate significantly *
b. the frequency at which no transmission takes place
c. the dimension of the waveguide
d. all of the above

37. Referred to the dielectric constant of a transmission line material.

a. Inductance and capacitance
b. Velocity factor *
c. Characteristic impedance
d. Propagation velocity

38. Referred to as a ferrite device that can be used in lieu of a duplexer to

isolate a microwave transmitter and receiver when both are connected to the same
antenna.
a. Isolator
b. Coupler
c. Circulator*
d. Diode

39. Gain of an isotropic antenna.

a. -1 dB
b. 0 dB*
c. 2 dB
d. 1 dB

40. A type of antenna capable of transmitting (receiving) a TEM wave polarized in

any direction.
a. Horn antenna
b. Discone
c. Helical Antenna *
d. Circular Waveguide Circular Waveguide

41. The 3dB beamwidth of a 70% efficient microwave dish antenna is 0.1o at 4GHz.
Compute the gain in dB.
a. 65.3 dBi *
b. 70 dBi
c. 76.3 dBi
d. 43 dBi

42. The radio horizon for space waves is about ____ as far as the optical horizon.
a. 4/3 *
b. 2/3
c. 3/4
d. 3/2

43. The transmitting antenna has a gain of 10 dB, and power output of 6000 W.
determine the effective radiated power.
a. 30000W
b. 40000W
c. 50000W
d. 60000W*

44. What is the approximate length of a half wave dipole antenna radiating at 6450
kHz?
a. 72.5 ft*
b. 45.3ft
c. 45.8ft
d. 78.2 ft

45. A parabolic antenna used in the satellite earth station has a beam width of 3
degree. If the antenna is operating at a frequency of 14 GHz, what is the minimum
diameter of the antenna?
a. 0.5m *
b. 0.6m
c. 0.2m
d. 0.3m
46. What is the maximum line of sight distance between a paging antenna 250 ft.
high and a pager receiver 3.5 ft of the ground?
a. 26 miles
b. 25 miles*
c. 21 miles
d. 23 miles

47. At a certain time, the MUF for transmissions at an angle of incidence of 75

degree is 17 MHZ. what is the critical frequency?
a. 2.32 MHz
b. 56.2 MHz
c. 4.4 MHz*
d. 10.215 MHz

48. A 400 feet antenna is to be operated at 6200 kHz. What is the wavelength at
this frequency?
a. 48.39m*
b. 45.26m
c. 23.56m
d. 15.26m

49. The horizontal radiation pattern of a dipole is a

a. circle
b. figure of eight *
c. clover leaf
d. narrow beam

50. A special type of transmission line that consist of conducting metallic tube
through which high frequency electromagnetic energy is propagated
a. medium
b. microstrip
c. stripline
d. waveguide *

51. It is the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna to the total input power.
a. antenna efficiency *
b. reflection coefficient
c. standing wave ratio
d. radiation resistance

52. Hertz antenna are predominantly used with frequencies above

a. 3 MHz
b. 4 MHz
c. 5MHz
d. 2MHz *

53. Indicate which of the following reasons for using a counterpoise with antennas
is false:
a. impossibility of a good ground connection
b. protection of personnel working underneath *
c. provision of an earth for the antenna
d. rockiness of the ground itself

54. It is a linear array antenna consisting of a dipole and two or more parasitic
elements: one reflector and one director.
a. broadside antenna
b. end-fire antenna
c. yagi-uda antenna *
d. phased array antenna
55. An antenna that provides extremely high gain and directivity and very popular
for microwave radio and satellite communications link.
a. helical antenna
b. parabolic antenna *
c. hyperbolic antenna
d. log-periodic antenna

56. The point on the antenna where the transmission line is connected is called
_______.
a. center feed
b. end feed
c. feedpoint*
d. voltage feed

57. The property of interchangeability for the transmitting and receiving

operations is known as ______.
a. efficiency
b. accuracy
c. reciprocity*
d. polarization

58. The magnetic field of an antenna is perpendicular to the earth. The antenna�s
polarization ______.
a. is vertical
b. is horizontal *
c. is circular
d. cannot be determined from the information given

59. An antenna that transmits or receives equally well in all directions is said to
be _____.
a. omnidirectional *
b. bidirectional
c. unidirectional
d. quasidirectional

60. It is a metallic conductor system capable of radiating and capturing

electromagnetic energy
a. transmission lines
b. antenna *
c. waveguides
d. load