TERM – III | CONSTRUCTION QUALITY MANAGEMENT

STRUCTURAL
STEEL: PROPERTIES
AND TESTING

ACM 33 | SECTION - 3 | GROUP - 5 | TEAM – A

AP19217 TO AP19228
Dead Mild Steel (Less than 0.15% carbon)

Mild Steel (0.15% to 0.30% carbon)

Medium Carbon Steel (0.30% to 0.80% carbon)

High Carbon Steel (0.80% to 1.5% carbon)

Cast Steel (More than 1.5% carbon)

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL STEEL

• ELASTIC MODULUS: The elastic modulus of all steel classes is same and equal to
200000MPa or 2×105 MPa. As the load on the steel is increased, it would yield at a certain
point after which plastic range will be reached.

• DUCTILITY: Ductility is expressed by percentage of steel cross sectional reduction.

• YIELD POINT: Point at which steel specimen reach 0.002 strain under the effect of specific
stress (yield stress).

• POISONS RATIO: Poisons ratio is the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain and it is about
0.30 and 0.50 in elastic and plastic range.
SHEAR PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL STEEL:

• Shear strength of steel structure is specified at the failure under shear stress and it is about
0.57 times yield stress of structural steel.

• ELASTIC SHEAR MODULUS: Elastic shear modulus, it is expressed as the ratio of shear
stress to shear strain in elastic range of steel structure.

• Elastic shear modulus of steel structure can be taken as 75.84Gpa.

HARDNESS OF STRUCTURAL STEEL:

• Hardness is the measure of ability of steel structure to withstand inelastic deformation.

• There are namely three different tests to evaluate steel hardness:

• Brinell Hardness Test
• Rockwell Hardness Test
• Portable Hardness Test
PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL STEEL:

• CREEP OF STRUCTURAL STEEL RELAXATION

Creep is gradual variation of strain of steel structure under constant stress. It occurs due to the
influence of constant stress and the effect of fire.

• STRUCTURAL STEEL RELAXATION

It is a step by step reduction of structural steel under a constant stress. Usually, yield strength of
steel structure increases around 5% over stress relieved strain and the steel structure would suffer
from plastic elongation which around 0.01.

• FATIGUE OF STRUCTURAL STEEL

Fatigue is the failure of steel structure due to crack initiation and development under the
influence of cyclic loading. Various tests are available to evaluate structural steel fatigue such as
flexure test, rotating beam test and axial load test