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1. Deduce 1 1 𝑎𝑜
𝑎 + 𝑐2 = 𝑐2 = = energy
2 ℎ 2
𝛾−1 2 𝛾−1 0
2
𝑚𝑎𝑥
equation stating the assumptions used.
2. Air (γ =1.4, R=287.43 J/Kg K) enters a straight axis
symmetric duct at 300 K, 3.45 bar and 150 m/s and leaves
it at 277 K, 500 cm². Assuming adiabatic flow determine:
Stagnation temperature, Maximum velocity, Mass flow rate,
and Area of cross-section at exit.
3. A supersonic diffuser, diffuses air in an isentropic flow
from a Mach number of 1.5, the static conditions of air at
0
inlet are 70 kPa and -7 C. if the mass flow rate of air is
125kg/s, determine (i)Stagnation conditions (ii) Area at
throat and exit (iii)Static conditions of air at exit
4. The Mach number at the exit of a combustion chamber is
0.9. The ratio of stagnation temperatures at exit and entry
is 3.74. If the pressure and temperature of the gas at exit is
0
2.5 bars and 1000 C respectively determine (a) Mach
number, pressure and temperature of the gas at entry, (b)
the heat supplied per kg of the gas and (c) the maximum
heat that can be supplied.
5. A circular duct passes 8.25Kg/s of air at an exit Mach
number of 0.5. The entry pressure and temperature are
3.45 bar and 38°C respectively and the coefficient of
friction 0.005. If the Mach number at entry is 0.15,
determine: (i) The diameter of the duct (ii) Length of the
duct (iii)Pressure and temperature at the exit
(iv)Stagnation pressure loss and v) Verify the exit Mach
number through exit velocity and temperature.
6. An air plane having a diffuser designed for subsonic flight
has a normal shock attached to the edge of the diffuser,
when the flight is flying at supersonic Mach number. The
diffuser exit mach no is 0.3. The inlet and exit area of the
2 2
diffuser are 0.29 m , 0.44m . What must be the flight
mach if isentropic diffuser is assumed behind the shock?
7. A jet of air at Mach number of 2.5 is deflected inwards at
the corner of a curved wall. The wave angle at the corner
is 60°. Determine the deflection angle of the wall,
pressure and temperature ratios and final Mach number.
8. An aircraft flies at 960kmph. One of its turbojet engines
takes in 40kg/s of air and expands the gases to the
ambient pressure. The air-fuel ratio is 50 and the lower
calorific value of the fuel is 43MJ/kg. For maximum
thrust power determine a) Jet velocity b)Thrust c) Specific
thrust d)Thrust power e) Propulsive, thermal and overall
efficiency f) TSFC
9. A rocket has the following data:a) Propellant flow rate =
0.5 Kg/s b)Nozzle exit diameter = 10cm c)Nozzle exit
pressure = 1.02bar d)Ambient pressure = 1.013 bar e)
Thrust chamber pressure = 20 bar Thrust = 7 KN
Determine: Effective jet velocity, actual jet velocity,
specific impulse and specific propellant consumption.
Recalculate the value of thrust and specific impulse for an
altitude where ambient pressure is 10 mbar.
10. Explain the working of a turbo-pump feed system used in
a liquid propellant rocket and also give the properties of
Liquid propellants
11. A combustion chamber in a gas turbine plant receives as
at 350 K, 0.55 bar and 75 m/s. The air-fuel ratio is 29 and
the calorific value of the fuel is 41.8 kJ Kg, Taking γ=1.4,
R=0.287 KJ/Kg K for the gas, determine,(i)The initial and
final Mach numbers(ii)Final pressure, temperature and
velocity of the gas.(iii)Percent stagnation pressure loss in
the combustion chamber, and The maximum stagnation
temperature attainable.
12. Explain with a neat sketch the working, application and
limitations of the following jet engines Ram jet engine
10. Explain with a help of neat sketch the working of solid and liquid
propellant rocket engine.
2
11. A rocket nozzle has a throat area of 18cm and combustor pressure of
25bar. If the specific impulse is 127.42sec and the rate of flow of propellant
is 44.145N/s, determine 1.) The thrust coefficient, 2.) Propellant weight
flow coefficient, 3.) Specific propellant consumption and 4.) Characteristic
velocity.
12. A rocket flies at 10,000 kmph with an effective exhaust jet velocity of 1350
m/s and propellant flow rate of 4.8 kg/s. If the heat of reaction of the
propellant is 6600 kJ/kg of the propellant mixture determine, (1) the
propulsive efficiency and power, (2) engine output and thermal efficiency and
(3) Overall efficiency.
13. Develop an expression for the Mach number downstream of a normal shock in
terms of upstream Mach number.