HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

 Presence of  Health 0 A NA -NA- NA -NA-

underground utility
services. -NA-
 Safety 3 D H  Obtain necessary permits prior to the 2 B L  Emergency
commencement of any trenching or excavation. Response
 Injury to  Ascertain the absence of underground cables or  Information to
persons pipelines by referring as built drawings, looking owner of the
 Electrocution for route markers, use of cable detectors utility / asset
 Utility / Asset (confirm calibration) and checking with locals damaged.
damages wherever available.
 When not sure from the above, resort to trial
pits and look for warning tapes / cable tiles /
concrete saddles / sand padding, etc., to identify
utility services.
 Resort to manual excavation when presence of
any utility service is confirmed.
 Use blunt edged tools when working near u/g
cables.
 If practicable, electrical cables to be de-
energised and piping systems isolated and de-
pressurised.
 Trained operators and banksman to be deployed
for equipment operation
 Ensure proper supervision as required.
 Stop excavation and obtain necessary
instructions from the Supervisor, when any
utility service is encountered when on manual or
mechanical excavation.

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 HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

 Environment 2 C M  As above. 1 C L  Emergency

Response
 Pipeline  Information to
damages and owner of the
subsequent oil utility damaged.
spillage
 Resource
wastage

 Poor condition of  Health 2 C M  Ensure use of right type of tools for the job 1 C L  Medical Aid
tools being performed.
 Upper limbs  Pre-use inspection of tools.
disorder  Routine inspections to check & replace poor
 M.S. disorder conditioned tools (except for use of blunt edged
 Hearing tools when working near u/g cables).
disorder  Periodic rest breaks & job rotation.
 Use of suitable hearing protection.

 Safety 2 D M  Ensure use of right type of tools for the job 1 C L  Emergency
being performed. Response
 Personal Injury  Pre-use inspection of tools.
 Routine inspections to check & replace poor
conditioned tools (except for use of blunt edged
tools when working near u/g cables).
 Use appropriate PPE – helmet with chinstrap,
coverall, goggles, safety boots, gloves, etc.)

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 HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

 Environment -NA- NA -NA-

-NA-
 Open unprotected  Health -NA- NA -NA-
trench / excavation
-NA-
 Safety 3 C M  Barricade the excavation. 1 C L  Emergency
 Keep adequate warning signs / beacon lights at Response
 Personal Injury night with adequate illumination in the area.
 Asset Damage  Communication with the locals to brief them of
the activities, where applicable.
 Provide stable temporary crossings with
handrails for personnel to cross over and no one
shall be permitted to jump over trench /
excavation.
 Provide proper access & egress to personnel to
work in the excavation and for easy evacuation
in case of any emergency.
 Do not move or work close / store materials /
operate equipment near the edge of the
excavation.
 Equipment operation close to excavations shall
only be under the guidance of an authorised
banksman.
 When excavation is near or across road
adequate space for movement of traffic shall be
provided, with warning signs and barriers to be
to warn the passer-bys to keep away from edge
of excavation, particularly in night.

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 HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

 Environment 2 C M  Barricade the excavation. 1 B L  Inform the

 Communication with the locals to brief them of concerned.
 Fall of animals the activities.
 Disturbance to
local
community
 Excavation caving  Health -NA- NA -NA-
in / collapse of
sides - working -NA-
close to edge of
excavation.  Safety

 Injury to 3 C M  Any excavation in excess of 1.2 M in depth, 1 C L  Emergency

personnel shall be ascertained for its stability and load Response
working nearby bearing properties and suitably shored or as an
or inside the alternative slopped back to a safe angle of
trench repose to prevent collapse of the side walls.
 Damage to  Excavated earth shall be kept at least 1 M away
assets from the edge of the pit to prevent fall of earth
into pit. Boulders, stumps or other materials
that may slide or roll into the excavation shall
be removed promptly.
 Portable trench boxes, sliding trench boxes or
shields should be provided, where protection
equal to or greater than the sheathing and
shoring required for the situation.
 Cross braces or trench jacks, where provided,
should be truly in horizontal position, secured to
prevent sliding, falling or kick-outs.
 Backfilling and removal of trench supports

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 HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

should progress together from the bottom of the

trench. Ropes shall be used to pull out the jacks
or braces in unstable soil from the above, after
clearing the personnel from the trench.
 Unsound formation, cavity in the sides shall be
excavated till reaching sound formation prior to
allowing personnel, to avoid collapse of sides.
 Inspect excavations daily and subsequent to rain
or ingress of water from other sources to
confirm stability of the sides prior to allowing
personnel to work.
 Restrict the number of personnel present in
excavation at any time to reduce exposure.
 Due care shall be given to excavations carried
out near any existing structure to prevent its
damage due to subsidence.
 Do not allow personnel to move or work close /
store materials / operate machinery / equipment
near the edge of the excavation.
 Equipment operation shall only be under the
guidance of an authorised banksman.
 When excavation is near or across road
adequate space for movement of traffic shall be
provided, with warning signs and barriers to be
to warn the passer-bys to keep away from edge
of excavation, particularly in night.
 Barricade the area and provide Warning signs
 Use appropriate PPE when working inside –
helmet with chinstrap, coverall, dust mask,
safety boots, gloves, ear plug / muff.

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 HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

 Environment -NA- NA -NA-

-NA-
 Back-filled  Health -NA- NA -NA-
trenches /
excavation (less -NA-
stability of surface
when compared to  Safety
surrounding strata)
 Vehicle / 3 C M  Compact the soil after back-filling for stability. 1 B L  Emergency
Equipment  Keep away from the edges of back-filled response
tilting & trenches / excavation.
damage  Barricade the area and provide warning signs,
 Personal injury where required to work in close proximity.
 Deploy banksman for equipment operation.

 Environment -NA- NA -NA-

-NA-
 Dust generation  Health

 Respiratory 3 C M  Avoid presence in amid dust cloud, unless 1 C L  Medical Aid

system required due to emergencies.
disorders  Consider provision of screens, where feasible to
 Eyes, Nose, prevent air borne dust.
Ears & Throat  Spray water in work areas to minimize dust
infections generation.
 Stop work when visibility is poor.
 Wear PPE – safety helmet, suitable goggles to

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 HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

protect all the sides, balaclava, gloves, boots

and respiratory mask.

 Safety

 Personal injury 3 C M  As above. 1 C L  Emergency

due to poor Response
visibility
 Damage to
assets

 Environment 3 C M  As above. 1 C L  Stop work

 Pollution due to
air borne dust
 Disturbance to
local
community

 Personnel inside  Health 3 B M  Gas testing 1 B L  Medical Aid

deep excavation -  Adequate illumination
presence of toxic /  Respiratory  Buddy system
explosive gases in system  Confined space entry procedures
deep pits / oxygen disorders  Periodic rest breaks / job rotation.
deficiency,  Vision disorders  Personal Protective Equipment
inadequate  Heat exhaustion
illumination.  Skin diseases
 Stress

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 HAZARDS AND EFFECTS MANAGEMENT PROCESS (HEMP)

EXCAVATION (MANUAL &

CONSEQUENCE

CONSEQUENCE
PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY
RISK RATING

RECOVERY
MEASURES
RESIDUAL
(A,B,C,D,E)

(A,B,C,D,E)
(0,1,2,3,4,5)

(0,1,2,3,4,5)
MECHANICAL)

RATING
RISK
CONTROL MEASURES

SIGNIFICANT HSE
EFFECT
HAZARD

 Safety 5 B M  Gas testing 2 B L  Emergency

 Adequate illumination Response
 Injury / Fatality  Periodic rest breaks / job rotation.
 Provide proper access & egress to personnel to
work in the excavation and for easy evacuation
in case of any emergency.
 Confined space entry procedures
 Emergency rescue equipment such as breathing
apparatus, safety harness with lifeline and
emergency medical supplies shall be readily
made available.
 Ensure use appropriate PPE – helmet with
chinstrap, coverall, respirators, plain goggles,
ear plugs.
 Environment -NA- NA -NA-
-NA-
 Ingress of ground  Health -NA- NA NA
water -NA-
 Safety 5 B M  Confined space entry procedures 1 B L  Emergency
 Personal Injury  Permit to work Response
 Asset damage  De-watering arrangement to be in place.
 Lifebuoy to be provided in easily accessible
location
 Ensure use appropriate PPE – helmet with
chinstrap, coverall, gumboots, plain goggles, ear
plugs / muffs.
 Environment -NA- NA
-NA-

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